A ɓangaren da na tekun Black Sea. Map kula, photos

A ɓangaren da na Black Sea, tabbas da aka sani ga kowane dan kasa na kasar mu. Me ya sa? Duk al'amarin yake cewa kusan dukkan mu a kalla sau daya a rayuwa, amma shi ne a kan ta Coast, da kyau, ko kuma suna shirin je can a cikin gaba hutu.

Map na Black Sea Rasha ya nuna cewa kasar mu da hannun jari shi tare da Ukraine, Georgia, Turkey, Bulgaria da Romania.

Game da wuri, tarihi, da sauyin yanayi da kuma halaye na duniya ta teku yankin da kuma za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

Sashen 1. General bayanai

Idan ka duba a Black Sea a duniya map, za mu iya ganin cewa shi ne da mallakar zuwa cikin tekun Atlantic tasa da kuma nufin da ciki da irin tekuna. Its surface yankin ne kamar 422,0 sq. M. km (bisa ga sauran kafofin - 436,4 dubu sq. km.).

Gani, da teku kama da siffar wani m da mafi girma axis of 1150 km. Matsakaicin tsawon daga arewa zuwa kudu ne 580 km. Average zurfin - 1240 m, kuma mafi girma - 2210 m.

Black Sea tashoshin jiragen ruwa da yawan abũbuwan amfãni, saboda ruwa rabo daga duniya tẽkuna aka haɗa ta Marmara ta hanyar Bosphorus kara ta hanyar Dardanelles (Hellespont) - tare da Rum da kuma Ege, kuma Kerch mashigar - tare da Azov teku.

A cikin ruwan ya wuce iyaka line tsakanin Turai da Asiya Ƙananan. A arewacin teku nisa cikin Crimean sashin.

Its ruwan wanke da yankin kasashe da dama: Rasha, Ukraine, Georgia, Romania, Turkey da kuma Bulgaria. A arewa maso gabashin bakin tekun da aka partially gane Jihar Abkhazia.

Pool Sea yana da wani rare dukiya. Its ƙananan yadudduka cika da hydrogen sulfide, saboda wanda zurfin mafi girma daga 150 m rayuwa gaba daya ba a nan (sai dai wasu daban na kwayoyin cuta).

A ɓangaren da na Black Sea ne sosai nasara. Me ya sa? The abu ne cewa, shi ne na gaske tattalin arziki da kai, dabarun da soja muhimmancin, kazalika da daya daga cikin mafi girma a wasanni yankunan Eurasia. A tashar jiragen ruwa na Sevastopol da Novorossiisk mayar da hankali babban barikin soji na Rasha Black Sea jiragen ruwa.

Sashe Na 2. History of Black Sea

Photos of Black Sea, kamar yadda mai mulkin, jawo hankalin hankalin bribing wasu kyakkyawa da immensity. Amma abin da ba mu san ainihin game da shi?

Da farko, ba a ma maganar cewa shi ne mai gwada matasa teku da ciwon tanã haihuwar cikinta yanayin kasa da ya ci gaba da halittu farfadowa: canza ruwa matakin, akwai sabon jinsunan Flora da fauna, da kuma wasu bace.

A baya, da kuma shi ne game da 8 da dubu. Shekaru da suka wuce, wannan ya kasance a cikin teku, da kuma dukkan lake. Ya nazarin halittu tsarin ne sosai saukin kamuwa zuwa waje tsoma - rinjayar sauyin yanayi ko mutum. Duk da cewa shi ne da yawa karami fiye da teku da kuma rayuwa shi ne kasa bambancin, da tekun Black Sea Coast da kuma ta da lafiyar qasa ne ban sha'awa ga masana kimiyya.

Sashe Na 3. Mene ne sauyin yanayi bala'i?

A sauyin yanayi na Black Sea saboda da tsakiyar nahiyar wuri da yafi nufin da nahiyar irin. Domin wannan yankin ne halin da dumi, rigar winters da bushe lokacin bazaar. Kudancin bakin tekun na Crimea da kuma Caucasian Coast kare daga iskõki da duwãtsu, don haka ne Rum subtropical sauyin yanayi.

A ɓangaren da na Black Sea ne cewa yanayin yanayi da gagarumin tasiri na Atlantic cyclones, wanda kawo hadari da kuma sanyi karye. Wind kudu-westerly shugabanci yawanci kawo m Rum iska talakawa.

A watan Janairu, da arewa rike da talakawan zafin jiki zuwa + 2 ° C, amma an sanyaya zuwa -5 ° C, da dusar ƙanƙara da dama a lokaci zuwa lokaci. Yawa warmer a kudancin ƙasar da Crimea da Caucasus. Akwai wuya a kasa + 5 ° C.

Iyulskaya iska zazzabi, a cikin tẽku arewa Averages +25 - + 27 ° C. Saboda a cikin teku, da iska zazzabi yawanci ba ya tashi sama 37 ° C.

A warmest yanki ne da tekun Black Sea Coast na Caucasus, inda wani talakawan of + 17 ° C a kowace shekara. A cikin Caucasian Coast asusun don ƙarin ruwan sama (1500 mm kowace shekara), kasa na su a kan arewa maso yammacin (har zuwa 300 mm a kowace shekara).

The Black Sea ne ba batun daskarewa, da ruwa ba ya kwantar da kasa +8 ° C.

Sashi Na 4. The gida Flora da fauna

Shin, ba ka taba tunanin a kan abin da kwayoyin zauna Black Sea? Faye hali ya nuna cewa Black Sea Flora kunshi fiye da 260 jinsunan kore, ja da launin ruwan kasa algae benthic: kladofora, Ulvi, Cystoseira, eelgrass, da dai sauransu

Sea phytoplankton hada game da 600 jinsunan, daga cikinsu akwai diatoms da dinoflagellates wakilan (dinofizis, aleksandrium, protoperidinium).

Flora kasa bambancin idan aka kwatanta da, misali, da Rum. A cikin ruwan teku na zaune 2,500 jinsin dabbobi, ciki har da 160 jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma kifi zuwa 500 protozoa, 500 crustaceans, 200 Shellfish da sauran kwaro. A Rum ne game da 9,000 nau'in rayuwa a yau.

A ƙarƙashin teku, suka sãmi tsari oysters da kuma mussels, Shellfish da yara rapana. Daga cikin bakin teku da duwatsu za ka iya samun crabs, akwai jellyfish, jatan lande, anemones da Sponges.

A paucity na namun daji ta shafa, gwargwado, kuma ruwa zazzabi, kazalika da samuwar hydrogen sulfide a cikin zurfin. Duk da haka, teku ruwa dace ga wanzuwar Hardy jinsunan da ba su bukatar zurfin.

Sashen 5: Mene ne mura a kan Black Sea?

Rasha mura na Black Sea Coast suna located a Krasnodar yankin. Mafi mashahuri na su - Sochi, Anapa, Gelendzhik da Tuapse. An gina mafi kyau da kuma mura.

Located a kan Crimean Larabawa mura Evpatoria, Alushta, Yalta, Sudak, Simferopol, Feodosia, Black da Falcon. A aljanna domin shakatawa ne mura da Abkhazia. By manyan yawon shakatawa cibiyoyin da Ukraine da mulkin Odessa, wanda ya zama a cikin 'yan shekarun nan a real dutse mai daraja da bahar.

Sochi

Mun yanke shawarar zuwa Black Sea? Matafiyi Reviews baki daya suka ce ba ka nan sosai kada ta kasance, da kuma alamomin da wannan shi ne ainihin mai yawa.

Da farko, za mu lura cewa Sochi ne kudancin da kuma warmest makõma na Rasha. Kuma shi ne a nan, a bakin tekun, akwai da dama hotels da mura.

Beach kakar a Sochi yana daga May zuwa tsakiyar watan Oktoba. Sunny yanayin yana da 300 kwana a shekara. M subtropical sauyin yanayi, ma'adinai marẽmari da laka da na wasanni da warkewa sakamako a kan mutane. Sanatorium fata dauki ko'ina cikin shekara.

A yanayin wannan yankin shi ne na musamman da kuma Sankiran: dutsen canyons tare da m koguna, waterfalls da kogwanni, sanyi tabkuna, impenetrable gandun daji da kuma mai tsayi ski gangara. Wadannan wurare jawo hankalin waje masu goyon baya da kuma matsananci wasanni.

Sochi ne da ya shahara ba kawai rairayin bakin teku, da hutu, amma kuma al'adu jan hankali. Akwai da yawa gidajen tarihi, sinimomi, nisha cibiyoyin, gidajen cin abinci da kuma nightclubs.

Yalta

Daya daga cikin mafi yawan sanannun Crimean makõma garuruwa ne Yalta. Bugu da kari, shi ne tsakanin daya daga cikin mafi kyau birane a duniya.

Wannan zamani makõma ban mamaki wuri da ake kira da tekun Black Sea. A map nuna cewa rairayin bakin teku a nan ne da gaske babbar, mikewa don 72 km.

A birni yana dauke da babban birnin kasar na Crimean mura da kuma wani muhimmin administrative, al'adu da kuma yawon shakatawa cibiyar a kudu Coast na Crimea.

Yalwa da rãnã da ciyayi, dumi yashi da kuma teku, sabo iska, duwãtsu, kuma wata babbar lamba na jan hankali haifar da kyakkyawan yanayi ga sauran kuma maida.

Abkhazia

A gaskiya, shi alama cewa Allah da kansa ya halitta wadannan destinations mutum. Beach kakar yana daga May zuwa Oktoba da 220 kwana a shekara za ka iya ji dadin rana.

Seawater yana da wani low gishiri da abun ciki, tsabta da kuma shi ne manufa domin wanka. Tour na Abkhazia - wani m mutane, m yanayi da yawa na tarihi Monuments.

Yana offers shiryar da Tours ga waterfalls, ma'adinai marẽmari kuma Lake Riza, karst kogwanni da kango na tsohon birnin. Shahararren mura na yankin - Pitsunda, Gagra, Sukhumi da Gudauta.

Abkhazia tafiya masana'antu ne masu tasowa, da sauri: gyara haihuwa da takardar gidaje da kuma gina sabon dadi hotels, tituna cike da gidajen cin abinci da kuma nisha wurare. Daya daga cikin mafi rare biki inda ake nufi shi ne birnin Pitsunda, wanda aka kewaye da Pine gandun daji, wanda ƙirƙirar musamman microclimate da waraka Pine ƙanshi.

A nan, ko da a cikin zafi weather, sabo da sanyi. All mura aka ayi a wani picturesque bay a kusa da teku.

Sashen 6. The motsi na ruwa a cikin Black Sea

An yi imani da cewa Black Sea tashoshin jiragen ruwa da yawa abũbuwan amfãni. Bayyana dalilin da ya sa. Yawanci, wannan yanki na duniya teku ne shiru da kuma zaman lafiya. Waves bayyana a iska weather, sau da yawa a cikin hunturu. Su tsawo iya zama har zuwa 15 m, wanda shi ne hadarin gaske kawai ga kananan tasoshin. Tides kada ku ƙẽtare 10 cm kuma su ne kusan ganuwa.

A general, a cikin tẽku, akwai iri biyu na gudana - surface da biyu. A farko irin kira cyclone iskõki da karshen an kafa a Bosphorus da Kerch straits da kuma lalacewa ta hanyar bambanci a da yawa daga ruwa a cikin biyu daruna.

surface-type kwarara nau'i biyu rufaffiyar zobba. Yammacin zobe tapers wajen kudu da kuma fadin yake daura da Danube Delta game da 100 km. A kudi na wannan kwarara ne kusan 0.5 km / h. Gabas zobe kai 50-100 km, kuma yana da wata gudun 1 km / h.

Biyu kwarara a cikin Bosporus ne saboda ruwa musayar tsakanin Black kuma Marmara tekuna. A m da kuma kasa m Black Sea ruwa shiga cikin Marmara a gudu har zuwa 2 km, kuma na'am da a samu wani m hanya na saltwater Marmara.

Wani biyu domin kafa tsakanin Black kuma Azov teku. A wannan yanayin, desalinated ruwa na Azov Sea samun babba Hakika na Black Sea, a koma ga wani gishiri da ruwa.

Bugu da kari a kwance igiyoyin da a tsaye a daure da babba yadudduka na ruwa (har zuwa 80 m).

Sashen 7. tsoratawa zuwa teku: iska da hazo

A ɓangaren da na Black Sea a fili ya nuna cewa akwai fogs kan tekun ko ~ ar ruwan yafi a cikin sanyi kakar. Hazo kafa a kan teku a kusa da bakin a lokacin da mamayewa na ƙasar sanyi teku iska.

A Coast, ta bayyana yawanci a cikin bazara. Mai nebulae lura a hunturu, musamman a cikin Bosphorus matsatsiyar (har zuwa 80 days a kowace shekara). Duk da haka, akwai zaunanniya hazo. Alal misali, a cikin Odessa, a cikin hunturu da suka wuce har zuwa kwanaki 10. Photos of Black Sea, sanya a yanayin kamar wannan, da musamman romanticism da asiri.

A ƙarfi da gudun iska, a cikin tẽku fiye da a bakin tekun. Lokacin da cyclones sama da teku gumi iska zama m tsaye, kafa vortex na iska da tornadoes kawo hadari ga kananan tasoshin. Speed hunturu kai daga 3 zuwa 40 m / sec. Wani lokaci akwai hadari. Dare iskõki kawo sanyi a bakin tekun.

Sashen 8. The Black Sea igiyoyin ne m

Duk da haka, mayaudari, m iya zama da Black Sea, cikin halaye na duniya teku yankin ya nuna a fili da wanzuwar nan na m kwarara directed kewayen kewaye na counterclockwise.

Domin kafa ƙawanya biyu, da ake kira "da maki Knipovich" (a cikin girmamawa a hydrologist, wanda ya bayyana wannan sabon abu). Speed motsi dogara a kan Duniya ta juyawa. Har ila yau, wani canji a kwarara rinjayar da ƙarfi, kuma shugabanci na iska. Wani lokacin gabar teku vortices bayyana, directed a kan babban kwarara (anticyclonic hawan keke).

Movement of babba longshore igiyoyin ne m, kuma aka ƙaddara da iska. Daya daga cikin wannan al'amari ne ake kira Tyagun kafa a lokacin hadiri. Waves lapping a kan tudu, matafã ba m kõguna a cikin image a kan yashi kasa na da waƙa. Wadannan gudana ne mai hadarin gaske ga mutane, kuma za su iya gudanar da nisa daga gaci. Don fita daga gare su, kana bukatar ka iyo zuwa ga tudu ba a mike line, da kuma diagonally.

Sashen 9. Me ya sa teku ne m? An tsoho labari

Black Sea a duniya taswirar, ko babba, za a iya gani sosai. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa, watakila, gafala daga shi lokaci mai tsawo, ya kara da camfin da kuma almara retelling. Kuma a nan ne daya daga cikinsu.

A zamanin da can ya rayu a jarumi gwarzo, a jarumi wanda tsara Legends. Wata rana da haihuwa mayen yanke shawarar ba shi da wani sihiri kibiya, wanda da iko na sihiri ya dogara a kan niyyar daga cikin mutum. Bayan fadowa cikin hannãyenku daga cikin villain, shi zai iya kawo mai yawa baƙin ciki a kan ƙasa. Bogatyr taba amfani da shi, kuma ba tare da bukatar sirri riba. Bayan girma mazan, sai ya fara duba ga wani mutum wanda za a iya dogara da kibiya. Amma kawai a cancantar mai iya bude ta asiri.

Sa'an nan da gwarzo yanke shawarar boye makamai a cikin Black Sea da kuma tambayi 'ya'yansa maza don ya auro ta zuwa sosai tsakiyar shi. Ya san abin da suka kasance karo na farko ba cika da umarni, da kuma aika su da baya. 'Ya'yan da Uba ba, kuma ka runtse da albarku a cikin kasa daga cikin teku. Wannan ya fusatar da teku, shi ya m, kuma har yanzu yayi kokarin jefa su rairayin bakin teku kibiya.

Sashen 10. The Black Sea aka Warming?

Za ka ce daidai inda Black Sea? A map nuna cewa shi ne quite zama dole a yi la'akari da kudancin Maritime iyakar jihar. Kuma, ba shakka, shi ne kuma warmest. Duk da haka, akwai wani hasashe cewa yawan zafin jiki a da shi ne a hankali ya karu. Shin da gaske?

Black Sea (Krasnodar yankin da aka dauka a matsayin dalilin da binciken) cike da hydrogen sulfide, sabili da haka dace kawai da rayuwar bakin teku da kuma surface ruwa yadudduka. Af, saboda wannan yana nufin daya daga cikin inda ba wanda yake zaune duniya tekuna.

Har ila yau, a kan yanayin kasa daga cikin teku adversely rinjayar da xumamar duniya, wanda ya haddasa wani karuwa a iska zazzabi a hunturu da kuma bai cika sanyaya na babba yadudduka daga cikin teku. Wannan bi da bi sa shi wuya a tsaye juyawa daga cikin manya yadudduka na ruwa a cikin zurfin iyakoki domin ya kula da hydrogen sulfide.

Warming ya kai ga cewa hydrogen sulphide zone har zuwa surface teku kusan 12 mita, da kuma ruwan ya zama m. A girma daga ruwa, da iskan shaqa-wadãtar da ci gaba da rage, haddasa muhalli damuwa. Saboda haka, Black Sea, wanda kula 43 ° 17'49 "tare. w. 34 ° 01'46 "a. e., mafi m, zai ci gaba da dumama.