A. A. Leontev - Rasha psychologist kuma masanin ilimin harsuna: biography, manyan ayyuka

Mutane da yawa san shahara psychologist da psycholinguistics gwani kuma marubucin yawa ayyukan ƙwarai kawo ci gaban gida kimiyya, Aleksey Alekseevich Leontev. A tarihin wannan mashahurin masanin kimiyya ne quite arziki, kazalika da wa sana'a aiki. Ya zo dogon hanya daga kimiyya philology a cikin tunani da pedagogy.

Bayan samun asali philological ilimi, A. A. Leontev gravitated zuwa ga ha] in gwiwar sarari a fagen al'adu. A tsawon lokaci, da tsakiyar al'amurran da suka shafi na bincike da aka topic na sadarwa, dauke da shi a matsayin janar msar tambayar da ciwon wani tasiri a kan sauran related batutuwa da tunani.

Leontyev ne daya daga cikin na farko Rasha bincike da hannu a cikin ci gaban da ka'idar "Pedagogical tattaunawa" a didactics. Duk da babbar adadin nasu sanannun kimiyya ayyukansu (kusan 900 takardunku da 30 littattafai), Alexei zama pervopublikatorom wasu waɗannan ayyukansu sun shahara kimiyya a matsayin I. A. Boduen de Courtenay, L. S. Vygotsky, E. D. Polivanov A. Leontiev da LP Yakubinsky.

iyali Leontievs

14 Janairu, 1936 at Leontiev haifi dan Alex. Iyalinsa - uwar Margarita Petrovna (1905-1985), mahaifin Alexei Nikolaevich (1903-1979) da kuma mahaifansa biyu, Alexander Alekseevna da Nikolay Vladimirovich, sa'an nan ya zauna a Moscow.

Bisa ga abokai, iyali dangantakar kasance sosai dumi. A game da yadda dangantaka da Alexei Nikolaevich iyaye da kuma maza da juna. Margarita Petrovna kishin ta rayuwa da ita iyali da kuma goyon bayan babban matarsa, ta kasance a gare shi da dogara da wani tsari da kuma goyon baya zuwa rana ta ƙarshe ransa.

Uba. sana'a zama

Uba - an yi fice a Rasha psychologist Aleksey Nikolaevich Leontev. Biography A. N. Leonteva arziki sosai kimiyya aiki. A karkashin shugabanci Lva Semenovicha Vygotskogo (1896-1934) tare da Aleksandrom Romanovichem Luriya (1902-1977), wanda ya gana da Cibiyar Leont'ev Psychology, zuwa aiki bayan da MSU, sun ɓullo da wani wasu al'adu-tarihi ka'idar da yi yawa gwaji karatu da nufin nazarin samuwar sunadaran da m tafiyar matakai.

A hadin gwiwa tare da su, kazalika da dama sauran abokan aiki, sai ya yi aiki ta hanyar daki-daki, ga matsaloli na dangantakar yi da kuma wayar da kan jama'a, fahimtar, sadarwa ta hanyar da ayyukan. Saboda haka, a cikin 30s ya kafa wani janar m ra'ayi na aiki, wanda wannan rana yana da babban tasiri a kan ci gaban msar tambayar trends a Psychology, duka biyu cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje masu bincike.

Saboda haka, A. N. Leontev aka dauke su mahaliccin m kimiyya m makaranta da yawa ayyuka da cewa sun rinjayi ba kawai da ci gaban tunani, amma kuma pedagogy, falsafa, al'adu da karatu, da al'adu. Shahararren kimiyya aiki, wanda aka wallafa a shekarar 1975, wani babban jami'in Alexey Leontiev, "Aiki. Sani. Hali "ne a general wahala a ka'idar aiki.

yara

Ganin cewa yara Alexei fadi a kan pre-yaki shekaru, da yara tunanin a wasu hanya da alaka da yaki, bam mafaka da kuma tafiya zuwa Ashgabat (marigayi 1941) da kuma Sverdlovsk (a tsakiyar 1942), wanda aka kwashe zuwa Moscow Jami'ar Jihar. A gidansa da iyali ya iya kõmãwa ne kawai a 1943.

Ko kafin A. A. Leontev fara karatu a makaranta, ya yi aiki a cikin yara kungiyar na Jamus harshe. Shiri quite tsanani da hadaddun ayyuka (misali, translation na texts). Bayan kudin shiga ga makaranta da lambar 110 Alexey aka ba m da farko sa, da kuma sau daya a cikin biyu. Haka kuma, bisa ga sakamakon nazari tsakanin dalibai, ya ya shiga cikin jerin yaro prodigies. A sakamakon makaranta ya zama ya samu lambar zinariya.

institute shekaru

A cikin kalmomin Alexei, baya a 1953, lokacin da ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare, shi ya bayyana a fili cewa cikakken yi kimiyya - gaskiya kira. Daga cikin dukan yiwu zabin shiga ya ga daban-daban arts kuma ko da kwayoyin sunadarai.

Ta tuna da Leontev A. A., Psychology, ba shakka, yana daga cikin wadanda sciences wanda janyo hankalin shi. Amma bai zo da wannan baiwa. Hakika, daya daga cikin manyan dalilan shi ne cewa mahaifinsa ne ke kula da sashen ilimin halin dan Adam a Moscow Jami'ar Jihar. Lomonosov. A matsayin sana'a a wasu makarantu tunani ko dai ba a nan ko kawai fara fito fili. Saboda haka, A. A. Leontev zaba philology.

Fara na sana'a aiki

Alexey nasarar sauke karatu daga jami'a tare da wani mataki a cikin "harsuna" a 1958. Ya saukar karatun rubutun da aka nuna babban yabo da malamai da kuma zama tushen biyu wallafe. A sakamakon wannan aiki ne na samarwa koyarwa matsayi a Cibiyar harsuna na Academy of Sciences da Tarayyar Soviet.

A lokacin aikin ya marubucin ko co-marubucin littattafan da cewa sun bambancin kwatance. Bugu da kari, a shekarar 1963 ya kare takarar a general da ilimin harsuna ya views Ivana Aleksandrovicha Boduena de Courtenay.

psycholinguistics

Bugu da kari ga fice damar iya yin komai da ilmi na philology, Alexei janyo hankalin da sauran al'adu. Aikinsa ya tabbatar da cewa Alexey Leontiev - a psychologist, kuma malama psycholinguist. Ya main theme na tsawon kimiyya aikin ya zama psycholinguistics (da littafin da aka buga a th 1967). A daidai wannan lokaci ne ya kafa m iyawa na Moscow Jami'ar Jihar, inda eponymous batu da aka gabatar. Bugu da kari ga wannan hanya, wanda aka sanar da Alexei sauran rayuwarsa, ya ci gaba da kuma karanta wasu tarbiyya na m, zamantakewa, halayyar dan Adam, psycholinguistic, ilimi, da na bincike da kuma sauran kwatance.

Alexei zama Doctor of Falsafa a 1968. Ya kamata kuma a lura da cewa fitarwa na doctoral dissertation na psycholinguistic tallan kayan kawa na jawabin da aka riga da 9 monographs na daban-daban thematic yankunan da ba su rasa su munasaba a zamaninmu. Digiri na uku a yarda Alexey A. a 1969 don tsara wani psycholinguistic bincike kungiyar a kan tushen Cibiyar harsuna.

A fannin amfani da wannan fice masanin kimiyya ne quite high, amma unifying al'amurran da shi shi ne matsalar sadarwa. A. A. Leontev gan shi wani janar-msar tambayar al'amari, wanda bayyana kanta a da yawa al'adu. A sakamakon da yawa ayyuka da kuma bincike da aka gabatarwa na Multi-matakin Multi-horo Adam na sadarwa ka'idar da wani littafi kan ilimin halin dan Adam na sadarwa, da aka buga a shekara ta 1974.

A miƙa mulki daga harsuna, to pedagogy

A tsawon lokaci, don Alexei harsuna, ya fara dauka na biyu wuri, kuma ya kusantar da su da hankali ga ilimi. Tabbacin ya zama doctoral tunani na fi'ili sadarwa (1975). Bayan haka, sai ya tafi aiki a cikin Rasha harshen halitta a lõkacin da Cibiyar. A. S. Pushkina, kuma a shekarar 1976 ya zama farfesa.

Har ila yau, a wasu lokuta na rayuwarsa ya yi aiki a wani methodical cibiyar na Rasha State University, jagorancin daban-daban tips. A shekarar 1986, ya - Farfesa na Moscow Jihar Pedagogical. A 1988-1991 gg. - Shugaban Laboratory na harshe ilimi, a shekarar 1990 - da Sakatare Janar na International Association of Collective inganta nazarin harsuna. A shekarar 1992, an zabe Leontief memba na rao.

A shekarar 1994 ya gangarawa Cibiyar Harshe da Al'adu. L. N. Tolstogo, wanda da kansa ya halitta. Tun 1995 ya zama memba na Rasha Harshe Council. gangarawa "School 2000" Daga farko a 1997. A layi daya tare da sauran aiki a 1998, ya zama wani farfesa a Moscow Jami'ar Jihar. A 2000 da ya fara a tare da haɗin gwiwar Cibiyar na rao.

cancantar mãsu mayẽwa

Muna da wani ɗa, Alexei Dmitri (1960 p.), Wanda kuma ya zama magaji na iyali kasuwanci. Yanzu shi ke kyawawan sanannun psychologist, PhD, farfesa Moscow Jami'ar Jihar, Darektan Cibiyar na rayuwan tunani da kuma rayuwar halittar.

Har ila yau, A. A. Leonteva yana da wani 'yarsa, amma ga mata, da rashin alheri, babu abin da aka sani, sai dai cewa ita ma ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Jihar Moscow.