A high kwayoyin polyethylene: Siffar, halaye, da ikon yinsa,

Kowace rana, a cikin Sphere na mutum aiki ya gabatar da sabon kayan samu ta hanyar wucin gadi wajen. Daya daga wadannan shine a high kwayoyin nauyi polyethylene, wanda shi ne riga da 50-ies karni na karshe ya zama mai sayar da samfur, amma shi ne samun real shahararsa har yanzu.

description

A high kwayoyin nauyi polyethylene ne daya daga cikin jinsunan da thermoplastic polymerized ethylene. Its main alama - sosai tsawon kwayoyin sarƙoƙi. Su ne mafi alhẽri gane da kuma aika da da kaya, "offsetting" su intermolecular interactions.

Su bayyanar abu ne ba daban-daban daga sauran iri robobi. Yana yana da wani wari, dandano, shi bai mallaki mai guba Properties. Ya iya yin wani launi aiwatar masu kira. A lokaci guda yana da wani sa na Properties cewa bambanta shi m kan sauran polymers.

A high kwayoyin nauyi polyethylene ne mai wuya abu da high tasiri ƙarfi. Ya iya yin tsayayya babba most ƙarfin lantarki. Yana ba sha danshi, saboda abin da shi ba hulɗa tare da 'yan Adam fata da kuma ga alama m. Bugu da kari, shi yana da babban abrasion juriya (fiye da karfe) da kuma low coefficient na gogayya.

Da kaddarorin high kwayoyin nauyi polyethylene

Kamar yadda muka rigaya muka gani, babban alama na high polymer kwayoyin sarƙoƙi ne dogon. Haka kuma, suna fuskantar da su a cikin shugabanci. Shirya ma layi daya da juna. Wannan ya bayyana ƙarfi daga cikin abu.

Duk da cewa babban kwayoyin nauyi polyethylene suranta dogon sarƙoƙi, da alaka tsakanin mutum da kwayoyin ne mai rauni. Wannan adadi ne m fiye da na Kevlar akalla m abu. Wannan yanayin ya sa da polymer ba zafi resistant - shi ya narke a zazzabi na 144 digiri Celsius.

A wannan polyethylene abun da ke ciki tambayi esters, amines ko hydroxyl kungiyoyin, wanda sa kayan saukin kamuwa zuwa chemically aiki da kuma mai tsanani yanayin. Saboda wannan abu ne ba batun ruwa, danshi, m jamiái, kwayoyin da hasken ultraviolet.

Babban hanyoyin aiki

Bukatun da cewa dole ne a yi high-kwayoyin polyethylene, Gost 16338-85 ƙunshi. A cewar su, da kira na da kayan ne da za'ayi a rinjayar metallocene catalysts monomer - ethylene. Domin samar da kayayyakin kai tsaye zuwa da wadannan main iri magani ana amfani da:

1. A gel-kadi. Raw Materials aka haxa shi da wani sauran ƙarfi. A sakamakon taro an matse ta hanyar takware a cikin ruwa. Ilimi filament ƙona a Tanderu da lokaci daya ja da cire sauran ƙarfi.
2. Hot latsa kuma sintering. A foda taro da aka matsa mai karfi, game da shi samun kama abu. To, shi ne kadan-bi - sintering a zazzabi na 150-200 digiri.
3. Ram extrusion. A albarkatun kasa da aka narke zuwa kama roba-kamar salla, sa'an nan kuma extruded ta hanyar musamman nozzles.

Mafi yadu gel-kadi. Lalle ne, a cikin wannan hanya samu high kwayoyin nauyi polyethylene zaruruwa da ciwon high ƙarfi.

Amfani a cikin soja masana'antu

A zaruruwa amfani da samar da high kwayoyin nauyi polymer wanda aka yadu amfani ga halittar sirri m kayan aiki, musamman jiki makamai. Godiya ga wadannan kaddarorin filaments matsayin low musamman nauyi da kuma babban fili amfanin ƙasa danniya (da rabo daga wadannan fihirisa ne 7-8 sau fi da cewa da karfe) makamai samu haske da resistant zuwa keya, shrapnel da sauran tareda žata abubuwa.

Jikin makamai sanya zanen gado samu ta hanyar blending zaruruwa da juna a kusurwoyi mabambanta. Godiya ga wannan fasahar bayyana multiaxial masana'anta - musamman irin idon yayi kamar gilashi webs wanzuwa gajiyan a wani shugabanci. Amfani da su kare akwati da extremities high kwayoyin nauyi polyethylene. Kadarorin multiaxial masana'anta iya kare da sulke da motocin, kazalika da yin amfani da zare don ƙirƙirar yanke resistant safar hannu.

Amfani da magani

A magani, high kwayoyin nauyi polyethylene ake amfani da yafi ga halittar implants ga hip da kuma kashin baya na gwiwa. A karo na farko an yi amfani da irin wannan manufa a cikin m 1962. Kuma tun sa'an nan na fara mamaye.

Yadu amfani da modified abu - reticulated ko giciye-nasaba polymer. An samu ta hanyar high kwayoyin nauyi polyethylene zaruruwa obstrelivaniya gamma haskoki ko electrons, wanda suke crosslinked da juna yarns. Bayan nan, shi ne hõre thermal tasiri, wanda rage ta hadawan abu da iskar shaka-rage ikon.

Zaruruwa dangane da wadannan albarkatun kasa ana amfani da suturing. Jagoran a yi na wadannan kayayyakin ne da kamfanin DSM, wanda SUPPLiES da yarn kasuwar ga likita sutures kira Dyneema Tsarki.

Yi amfani da masana'antu

A mafi yadu a yi amfani da masana'antu sun samu wani babban kwayoyin polyethylene takardar, wacce ake kawota ga samar kasuwar slab kauri of 2 cm. Bisa ga kerarre roba taga babbar aji, PVC-panel sanyi da kuma high PVC profiles.

A injiniyan inji don samar da sealing zobba, bearings, halittar sassa, aiki a cikin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa mai ko matsakaici, kuma a pneumatic tsarin da high aiki matsa lamba, fi amfani high-kwayoyin polyethylene 1000 - daya daga cikin manyan polymer jinsunan.