Aiki Pendulum - mita na oscillation

Sigogi na oscillatory matakai ne sananne jiki Concepts - amplitude da kuma lokaci. Saboda haka, a karkashin vibrations yi mahara lokaci-lokaci dokar ta maimaita aiwatar da canza wani jiki yawa a kusa da nufin darajar ko sifili. Bari mu ɗauka cewa wannan dokar yana da wani sinusoidal hali. Saboda haka, idan aiki F (x) na tsari ne da aka ba da irin F (x) = K * zunubi (x), dole mu kawai irin wannan oscillating aiki, wanda, ku tuna, sama da kasa, sama da kasa da ...

Ka yi la'akari da jadawali na ce aiki na wani, bisa manufa, wani darajar a kan Y axis denoted y1, da kuma motsi tare da X axis, y2 sami gaba aya da darajar y1. Yanzu, idan X-axis, daga aya v2, cira tazara daidai T = (y2 - y1), za mu samu batu v3 da shi zai zama daidai da y1 da y2. A siffar jadawali tsakanin wadannan maki daidai maimaita a ranar duk m segments daidaita T. Kamar wancan muka samu a siga T domin aiwatar aka bayyana ta da dabara F (x) = K * zunubi (x), wanda yana da gagarumar dukiya da ya canjãwa a cikin shaida X T gubar zuwa wani canji a cikin aiki F (x) a kan dukan kewayon da kyawawan dabi'unsa. Saboda canje-canje a cikin X-axis ne Unlimited a lokacin, a cikin wasu kalmomi, da yawan hawan keke T izuwa yawa, sa'an nan muka yi cyclical, watau Ina maimaita, canji na aiki. Da'ira lokaci T ake kira da lokaci na oscillation da aka auna a seconds. Amma mafi karbuwa a cikin art don amfani ji naúrar, wanda ake ce da oscillation mita, denoted f kuma computes f = 1 / T, a naúrar shi ne ake kira Hertz (Hz). Frequency na 1 Hz - shi ne daya oscillation da na biyu.

Muna kewaye da "staggering" duniya. Hawa da sauka - shi sauti, da lantarki a wayoyi, vibration inji, da haske, da tides, juyawa daga cikin taurari, da kuma ... kada ka qirga su cikin, wadannan vibrations. Dukan su da isasshen al'ada iyakoki da su mita, ka ce, "kewayon bambancin." Alal misali, oscillation mita na audible sauti mitoci mutum - daga 16 Hz zuwa 20 kHz (1 kHz = 1000 Hz), da kuma cikin kewayon na sauti mitoci colloquially ta'allaka a cikin kewayon 100 - 4000 Hz. A da kyau a san cewa ba dukkan mutane ji dukan kewayon sauti - da yawa riga 12-15 kHz Bala'in. Da dabara ya shafi ultrasonic vibrations 100, 200 kHz da kuma sama. Details sunadaran iya canza a babban kewayon mitoci - da kuma raba Hz da dubun kHz. Amma mafi da mai fadi da kewayon electromagnetic taguwar ruwa - daga hannun jari da kuma har zuwa yawa dubban miliyoyin Hz. A wannan duniya bakan haske tãguwar ruwa na ƙasar ne kadan, amma cewa suna gane ta mu gabobin da hangen nesa. Daban-daban oscillation mita a bakan haske tãguwar ruwa kayyade launi na bayyane haske - daga ja zuwa launin shunayya.

Amma baya ga "square daya." Sau da yawa sosai, shi ne dace in yi amfani da dan kadan modified raka'a. Irin wannan mugun damar ya rage wuya da yawa daga cikin dabarbari da kuma sanya su mafi bayyane. Kuma wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa sinusoidal oscillation ayyuka da shawara da yiwuwar yin amfani da canji a cikin raka'a ji na kusassari - radians ko digiri. Amma a lokaci guda, a cikin lissafi na "rarrafe" m 2p, wanda, tare da mita samu a yawa ilmin lissafi maganganu. Sai suka yanke shawarar gabatar da wani modified naúrar na mita ji, ya kuma ba shi da sunan "cyclic oscillation mita." Jigon wannan naúrar ne cewa ta mita aka ƙaddara ga yawan oscillations a lokacin 2 * π seconds, Ina nufin 6,28 sec. Cyclic mita aka lasafta ta da dabara ω = 2 * π * f. Na ga cyclic mita aka bayyana ta wurin naúrar na ji - radians da na biyu.

Oscillating tsarin yana da har yanzu wasu sigogi cewa fahince ta hali. Kai mu kyau da haihuwa Pendulum da kuma dan kadan kauri, rage shi zuwa wani Jihar vibration tsari - Tick-tock, Tick-tock. Don yin wannan sau ɗaya isa ya tura shi da kuma ... bar shi kadai. Abin da za mu gani? A Pendulum oscillates dogon isa ba tare da wani ƙarin aikace-aikace na karfi, ta oscillation mita bai sauya ba, da kuma rage-rage amplitude hankali, saboda gogayya sojojin a cikin ainihin na'urorin. Irin wannan hawa da sauka a lokacin soma bayan wani tura na Pendulum motsi, ko wani vibration tsarin da aka ƙayyade ne kawai ta hanyar da sigogi, da ake kira kansu. Idan muka ɗauka cewa a lokaci guda da tsayawa sojojin ne ya daidaita da sifili, kuma shi ne mai sauqi qwarai - duk a hannunmu, wannan a Pendulum, shi ne ake kira da ilmin lissafi, za oscillate har abada, da kuma oscillation lokaci za a iya lasafta daga sani, wanda ya riga ya zama wani classic, da dabara - C = 2 * π * √ l / g.

Daga cikin bincike yana yiwuwa su yi wani muhimmin ƙarshe: da na halitta mita na oscillation na Pendulum ne kawai ƙaddara da ciki sigogi na tsarin - da thread tsawon da girma na cikin hanzari da duniya ta nauyi.