Artist Isaak Ilich Levitan: biography, kerawa

Artist Isaak Ilich Levitan aka haife a garin Kybartai (Lithuania) a watan Agusta 1860. Game da yara, ya kusan bai gaya wa kowa, sai bayanai game da wannan lokaci na rayuwarsa zuriyarsa bar. An sani cewa mahaifinsa shi ko ta yaya sosai 'yan ma'aikata da kuma kokawa ba da' ya'ya mai kyau ilimi. Isaac Levitan, wanda biography fara da isowa a cikin Moscow, bi sahun na artist ta ɗan'uwansu, wanda ya tafi da shi zuwa nune-nunen a bude iska, a kan almara. A shekaru goma sha uku da Ishaku aka karɓa a cikin art makaranta.

mai girma da malamai

Tun da malamai ne sosai m yaro, amma in general, a duk shekaru da horo sanã'anta shi da fitina. Ya a lokacin da aka marãya ba, ba wanda zai iya aikata kome don su taimake shi, duk da matsaloli a cikin wannan matasa shekaru, ya zama dole a yanke hukunci. Irin wannan m wuri mai faɗi da zane-zane da Ishaku Levitan biography ya wuya. Da ikon nan da nan gane shi ƙwarai, tun malamai sun m: Vasily Polenov da Alexey Savrasov - da kansu gaya sunayen duk wadannan artists. Haka kuma, malamin, misali, Savrasov ya yi kyau kwarai, horar da dukan Gungu na kyau kwarai dalibai: Nesterov, duka biyu Korovin, Svetoslavsky Stepanov ...

Levitan, wanda biography da aka bayyana, a wannan labarin, ya ji cewa ya yi duk abin da sauki, kuma kullum ji tsoro daga haske, ya yi aiki dogon da wuya, neman nasa salon. Tare da shekara goma sha takwas da haihuwa ya dauki bangare a cikin nune-nunen zane-zane da ya da kuma nan da nan ya fara magana. Isaac Ilich Levitan nan da nan ya zama mai daukan hankali sabon abu a Rasha al'adu. Kamar yadda mai zane Levitan ya sosai na bincike, amma ya yi karatu yanayi ba tare da dissecting shi ne lafiyar, da ya yi magana kamar yadda idan ta amincewa. Kuma babu wanda proznal daga ta haka mutane da yawa asirin, kamar yadda Levitan.

biography

A artist bai so a je da nisa daga cikin 'yan qasar namun daji, ya rayu mafi yawa a Moscow, ya yi aiki a lardunan Tver da Moscow, biyu a cikin Crimea da yawa - a kan Volga, kamar yadda daya daga cikin "Association na Wanderers." Koyaushe zauna zare jiki, yana ba da lokaci ga luxuries, saboda aikin da aka shan shi duk lokacin, duk da ikon da dukan soyayya. A nan ne dukan aiki na numfashi rai cewa halitta Levitan - biography ne mafi domin tabbatar.

Vision kuma ji

Ya rinjãya a mataki taron gunduma na wani romantic faɗi, wani lokacin tsira abokai Wanderers. Wani mutum ya dada m zuwa kowane ra'ayi yanayi a duk da bayyananen, da artist I. I. Levitan da zanen - kowane! - cewa duk lokacin da providchestvo, "karatu" kwarewa. Masu kida ne cikakken farar.

A kan shimfidar Levitan ya "mai cikakkar ido" ko "cikakkar ji." Haka ya shafi watercolors, wanda kuma daidai ake bayyana daidai poetic yanayi, wanda shi ne jigon da m mamaki yanayi. A watercolors Levitan, wanda shimfidar ne ko da yaushe musamman abin dogara, guje wa da cikakken bayani, amma a amince da daidai isar da yanayi da cewa ya sanya wasuwãsi hoto yanayi.

falsafa

"Mood shimfidar" Levitan ne rare m jikewa, suka kashe mai babbar ɓangare na mutum rai. Ya san yadda za a duba a cikin yanayi kamar yadda idan shi aka mayar da hankali duk asirai na zama (da artist ta fi so Falsafa Schopenhauer ya, ta hanyar, cewa sosai daidai ya bayyana cewa da ikon). Levitan ta zanen rungumi wasu daga cikin sababbin abubuwa na impressionism, amma artist duk da haka bai mika wuya ga tsarkakuwa, kuma da farin ciki na haske da kuma launi, saboda ba zauna tsawon a cikin da'irar tsoho Rasha images, kuma su ne ko da yaushe kuma dole muhimmi wajaba rayukanmu "duniya bege."

Ko da farkon aiki na musamman lyrical. Artist I. I. Levitan da zanen "Autumn rana. Sokolniki", kamar yadda suka bude mana da farko lokaci na kerawa. A balaga, da Levitan, zama a master na faɗi, koyi ko mafi sauki tune juya a cikin wani hali image na kasar. Levitan balagagge kerawa yana buɗewa "Birch Garka". A lokacin a duk shekaru da ransa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci da rana zo bãya tãre da zane-zane, da kuma shimfidar da aka halitta, cike da ban tausayi hango bakin ciki da Loneliness. The artist sha wahala sosai, tunani na sananne mutuwa bai bar masa. Duk da haka, da za a bi a Italiya, ya ba su tafi ba. "Shi ne kawai a Rasha da kuma iya aiki a real faɗi," - ya bayyana.

Golden Ples

Poetically spiritualized ayyukan rubuta Levitan yayin tafiya tare da Volga tare da 'yan'uwanmu Wanderers. "Volzhsky lokaci" Levitan ga m tasiri ne m zuwa "Boldino kaka" Pushkin. Sviyazhsk Antiquities, Old mu'mini crosses a kan kogin, da mai karko kyau na arewacin yanayi, karkara daga kome lush, mutum, ba dole ba - da cewa sami akwai da artist I. I. Levitan. Kuma ya hoton da aka haife - a real, m - "Madawwami Allahi".

Da almara na wani watsi da hurumi da amfani a fara aiki a kan abun da ke ciki, don haka da wuri mai faɗi ne real kamar yadda sau da yawa ya faru, amma ya ba da artist wani matsanancin zurfin da ɗaukaka, kuma ƙasa ta yi sõyayya da sama, ba da trans-Volga ba shi, shi nitsewa cikin maraice m. Bugu da kari ga wannan Levitan wuri mai faɗi, ya rubuta a wani iri-iri - kyau kwarai, dumi, mai haske, cike da hasashe: "Maraice Gold Iya kai." "Maraice a kan Volga", "Bayan da Rain", "sabo da iska", amma gaske hankula, sanannun, da akwai recognizable duk zama har yanzu, ta - "madawwami sauran".

bayani

A wannan hoto, akwai kome: shirun, da kuma nauyi rumble na babban kararrawa, da kuma hurumi da zaman lafiya, da kuma m motsi na rayuwa. Gray, sanyi ikon da kogin aka nuna azaman idan daga wani tsawo na tsuntsu jirgin, kuma sassauta fikãfikanka sprawled a kan ruwa kunkuntar promontory a kan wanda aka perched a kananan tsohon coci, kuma tare da shi - a makabarta. Kuma iska fasawa, kuma ya dage tearing da na fi Aspen, kuma ko da tilted giciye alama a karkashin ta matsa lamba.

Amma da taga haikali glows mai haske haske daga wannan ko da m ruwa da kuma duhu mauve sararin sama kamar m. Wannan ne madawwama data kasance sauran duniya, wanda aka halitta da Mahalicci: wannan iska, ga alama, ba Yanã kõra girgije, ba wani Aspen shakes, da kuma lokacin da kanta suka kai samame a kan wannan wuri mai faɗi da sauri kuma ba fashi. Ba guda alamar adam gaban a wannan wuri mai faɗi da akwai. Akwai kawai sarari inda rai ne ba kunya ba kuma smallness na da cikakken bayani kuma da vastness na duniya. Saboda haka hoton Levitan karya da duniya jituwa.

game da style

The sosai manufar style - a transpersonal category. An fara aikin a kan zanen, da artist jũna a shiga cikin samarwa wasan, yarda ta sharuddan. Hakika, yana da hakkin ya tasar wadannan yanayi, su ɓãta da su tare da iri da rubuce-rubuce. Wani abu irin wannan ya faru tare da Levitan. A cikin farkon ayyukan - "The Village," "Road da gandun daji," "Autumn Day a Sokolniki", "Ruwa Mill", "Walk na Ostankino", "Aljanna a cikin dusar ƙanƙara", "Landscape na Dali." Kuma wasu - a fili bayyana style of Art Nouveau ko da yake "transpersonal", ba kai tsaye.

Moscow makaranta na zanen ka'idojin, ba shakka, ta mamaye. Duk da haka, a cikin muka ambata a sama film "Madawwami Allahi", tsororuwar falsafar tunani Levitan, zamani style sa kansa quite ƙarfi. Ko da yake zabi wani daya style a cikin aikinsa ba zai yiwu ba. Zane-zane Levitan - da m search. Ga kuma amo mara sa na romanticism, kuma hakikanci (shimfidar ma!), Kuma symbolism, kuma impressionism kuma Art Nouveau da Expressionism, amma sun riya kawai a cikin densest stylistic sadarwa. Levitan ya yafi kama da muradi samfurin a cikin halitta ta, da kuma yadda za a bayyana shi, ya san daban-daban da kuma jin dadin da duk kamar yadda ya cancanta.

A abun da ke ciki da kuma irin

Compositionally aikin Levitan warware ta gargajiya model, a cikinta akwai wata balance, wani irin grafizm. A abun da ke ciki ne zuwa kashi matukar triangles. Ga misali: da dama a cikin foreground - ga tudu, sai ya - bar wajen kõgi, sa'an - sake a dama banki na tsinkaya, daidaita kyauro bar kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin sararin sama na kogin. Duk da wannan shiri da aka kammala da ƙananan jirage biyu, wanda form alama don ci gaba da jinyar zuwa sararin sama line. A sakamakon haka, da sassa biyu suna hade a wani abun da ke ciki ba m fasali, amma wajen daidaita.

Volume da kuma sarari da kuma hul] a} unshi mafi fili a cikin gine-gine, amma kuma a cikin zanen Dolno wani abu kamar wannan ya faru - a cikin rabo na bango da kuma batun. Sai Ishaku Levitan rubuta wani hoto na kaka! A mafi daukan hankali shaida wannan. Bishiyoyi ya dubi sosai karfi, ruwa - ba kawai m, amma kuma rigar, da kuma jiragen a kan shi, har ma da kankanin, m, gani cikin m, sauki da kuma shawagi a kan surface na ruwa.

Launi da kuma haske

Favorite artist launi - kore da kuma ya ya iya karya shi har zuwa cikin dozin inuwõyinta suna kusa guda Emerald-kore Paint. Ko da inuwa da ya taba rubuta a baki. Thin yadudduka na glaze - kamar cewa nemi Levitan shahararre wasan kwaikwayo kyakkyawa basirar ta su. Da dangantakar launi da haske artist ji m: misali, da sanyi blue haske da watã da aka inganta ko da dan kadan kore zama blue, da ruwa da aka nuna da haske jirgin sama. A Levitan launi ba ya gushe ya zama m, da Abubuwan motsi tafi, duhu sosai dan kadan.