Brezhnev rukunan

"Brezhnev Rukunai" da aka fara gabatar a cikin jaridar "Pravda" a yanzu ga mu a 1968. Babban jigon da rukunan ya ba ta wata biyu sunan - "rukunan iyakance ikon mallaka."

Domin fahimci ainihin wannan Trend, shi wajibi ne don a koma zuwa lokaci bayan yakin duniya na biyu, wanda muhimmanci canza ma'auni na sojojin a Turai. Bayan da Tarayyar Soviet ta ci farkisanci, ya Lalle, haƙiƙa ya fara shibta wani yanayi a sarari. Wannan ya bayyana da farko a cikin yaduwar gurguzanci a Yammacin Turai, kuma a karfafa matsayin pro-kwaminisanci sojojin a cikin majalisun jihohin kamar Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, da dai sauransu {Asar Yugoslavia, kawai a lokacin da za a warke daga kwaminisanci mamayar da kuma sauri kaddamar da wani vector a cikin shugabanci na ci-gaba jari hujja kasashen. A kasashen Gabashin Turai don ƙara tsawo iko da aka hada zuwa wani sabon soja alliance - ATS - Organization na Warsaw yarjejeniyar, shi ya haifar a shekarar 1955. Wannan zai kara polarize da duniya siyasa fagen fama: biyu jinsin takaddama jam'iyyun, jari hujja da kuma gurguzu sansanin. Sautin na gurguzu sansanin ko da yaushe tambayi Tarayyar Soviet shugabannin. Leonid Brezhnev Ilich, kasashen waje da manufofin da kuma ta haifa da bugu na wani hali, ya ba togiya. Yana wani sabon hanya, wanda ya bambanta daga shugabanci na baya 'yan siyasa, kamar yadda aka gina shi don yin tunãni kura-kuran da Stalin, kuma Khrushchev.

Mene ne siffofin daga cikin shakka? A kasashen waje da manufofin na Brezhnev aka farko mayar da hankali a kan maneuvering da disengagement daga zafi duniya rikice-rikice. Brezhnev ya haƙuri da yanayi da kuma wajen m siyasa, a Bugu da kari, a karshen mulkinsa, bayan fama da bugun jini, ya yi kokari ba don samun shiga a cikin manyan rigingimu tsakanin ƙattin na wannan duniya. A mafi yawan lokuta, Leonid Ilyich kawai yarda da bayyane, uncompromising mafita da nufin appeasing. Wadanda jam'iyyar mambobi wanda a 'yan shekarun nan sun bayan Brezhnev bai yi kuskure ya tafi zuwa matakin kasa da kasa a kasashen waje da manufofin - suka fi son zuwa "tafiyad da harkokin" a cikin kasar su. Brezhnev rukunan da wata alama - gama yanke hukunci. A mafi yawan lokuta, shi ne mai ɗamfarar Sham, tun da dukan yanke shawara sun kasance shugaba, amma ga duniya al'umma shi ne shawarar da wani yawan ƙasashe. Hakika, cewa zahiri duba fiye da mulkin demokra] iyya, amma yana da daraja tuna cewa duk wadannan kasashen sun jam'iyyun da Warsaw yarjejeniyar Organization, wanda ke nufin - Ƙasa na Tarayyar Soviet.

Azahiri, wadannan yanke shawara aka goyan bayan mai girma akida overtones. Brezhnev rukunan aka gina a kan hadin kai na mutanen Gabashin Turai da suke a fili sane: da kasashen waje da manufofin da kungiyar tarayyar - shi ne manufar proletarian internationalism, wanda yake nufin - daidaitaka, mulki, kuma 'yancin kai. Saboda haka, duk da hannun jari gudanar da Soviet jihar, an dauke quite wajaba a kansa, saboda ana da za'ayi a cikin bin cewa wannan daidaitaka, mulki, kuma 'yancin kai. Kuma ba kome cewa, wani lokacin ga aiwatar da wasu matakan da ya yi amfani da karfi soja, kamar yadda aka aikata a Poland, Hungary da kuma Czechoslovakia.

Wani al'amudi a kan abin da Brezhnev rukunan - canza lokaci frame cimma kwaminisanci. Maimakon haka, ya kuma kwaminisanci, wanda sun kasance daga lokaci na V. I. Lenina, yanzu ake magana a kai a matsayin ci gaba da gurguzanci, kuma ta cimma tsawo a gaba ga daruruwan shekaru. Wannan sanya shi yiwuwa a boye da yawa daga cikin kasawa da kuma shortcomings cikin sharuddan da tattalin arzikin, wanda shi ne yanzu ba Soviet mutane wa'adi, wa'adi mai haske nan gaba a cikin goma ko ashirin da shekaru. A dogon lokacin da sadaukar da gurguzanci aka samarwa L. I. Brezhnevym su zauna a cikin zaman lafiya da jituwa tare da kasashe daban-daban na ci gaba, alal misali, da jari hujja. Wannan ma asusun ga juna da ragowa Brezhnev da raya ƙasashe na Turai, aiki haduwa da wasu daga cikinsu.

Brezhnev rukunan zuwa ranar da ya fallasa duk su caricature na ainihi, amma a cikin seventies na karshe karni shi ne mai m, kuma daidai da dabarun tafi, wanda a yarda don kauce wa kara makamai rikice-rikice da kuma shiryar da kungiyar ta kasashen waje da manufofin a cikin lumana hanya.