Catadromous da anadromous jinsunan kifaye: su halaye da kuma mazauninsu

Duniya mazaunan tekuna, tekuna, koguna da tabkuna ne sosai bambancin. Masana kimiyya suna lissafta ga m yanayi a kusa da 12,000 jinsunan kifaye, da kuma ruwa tare kududdufai - kusa da 6800 kofe. Sau da yawa, da yawa jinsunan kifaye hijira a kai a kai: daga gudãna a cikin tẽku, daga teku zuwa kogin. Wasu yi shi sau daya a shekara, wasu kowace rana. Abin da kuke bukata shi ne a dabba ba a kanta, kuma da abin da iri raba duk mai rai migrating azurfa? Mutane da yawa sun ji game da anadromous, catadromous da transboundary nau'in kifi. A su za a tattauna a cikin labarin.

Me kana bukatar ka sani game da migrating kifi

Ƙaura (migratory kifi) ya bambanta daga daya kofa ga waɗanda cewa suna da ikon iyo a yayin da a cikin tekuna, da kuma wani rabin - a cikin kõguna sunã gudãna a cikin su. Wasu migrating kifi matsawa sauƙi a kan hanyar zuwa ruwa tare habitats (anadromous nau'in kifi), da sauransu - a kan teku (catadromous mutane). Mutane da yawa na wadannan mi} tafiya mai nisa. Wannan hijirar hade tare da ko dai da samar da abinci, ko ta hanyar kiwo.

Anadromous da catadromous nau'in kifi suna da nasu halaye, da suka shafi canje-canje a cikin ruwa, gwargwado. Migrating, irin mutane suna da neman m yanayi domin ci gaban toya abinci wadata. A mulki daga matsakaici zuwa wani shi jan makamashi mai yawa da akwai kowane irin cikas: waterfalls, Rapids, high-gudun kwarara. Don wannan karshen, a ta hanyar adult mutane bukatar tara ajiye abubuwa a cikin nau'i na mai. Mutane da yawa migratory kifi mutuwa jira bayan spawning, da kuma wasu na iya kamar yadda spawn akai-akai. Wadannan kifaye ne wani muhimmin batu ga kama kifi hakkoki da abubuwan da ikon wasu dabbobi.

da aka sani anadromy

Anadromous jinsunan kifaye ga spawning na marine yanayi da aka mayar da su sabo. A mafi fice wakilan ne kifi, herring, sturgeon. A mafi daukan hankali misali ne kifi na tekun Pacific. Manya iya auna 6kg kuma suna da wani tsawon 60 cm. Spawning ciyarwa a cikin koguna Japan Larabawa Primorye, shan taba, Sakhalin. Wannan ra'ayi ya bayyana da haske a cikin kogin ruwa, sa'an nan iyo mutane a cikin tẽku, inda suka ciyar daga 1 zuwa 6 shekaru. Bayan haka, komawa zuwa wuri na asali mazauninsu, spawn kuma mutu. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan yunkuri daukan wuri da ya kwarara daga cikin kõguna.

The Black kuma Azov ma ba anadromous nau'in kifi, kamar herring. Don ƙaura, suka iyo a cikin Delta Turai koguna. Anadromous dari takwas yin sturgeon, lamprey da kuma irin kifi. List of anadromous nau'in kifi replenish shad, kifi, uku-spined stickleback. Daga sanannun wakilan irin kifi za a iya kira krasnoporok-UGAI.

Bayan kifi, a rare wakilin wani lamprey. An samu a cikin Volga yankin Neja Delta. Spawns a kamenistnyh da sandbanks. Very shahara anadromom ne sturgeon. Yana zaune a cikin daruna na Black, Caspian da kuma Azov tekuna, spawns a Volga, Ural, Kura.

Anadromous wani mutum daga cikin Black kuma Caspian Tekuna hidima karu. Ya ba zai iya barin 'yan shekaru da kogin. Domin irin wannan kuma sun hada da chum, kifi, farin kifi, farin kifi. Wasu kifi yi diurnal hijirarsa a cikin kogin domin surface kormozhki (a dare), da kuma lokacin da rana su koma ga m yanayi.

wakilan katadromov

The haske wakilin catadromous jinsunan ne mai iyali ugrovyh (bano). Its qwai iya tafiya a cikin bude teku don watanni har ma shekaru. Sa'an nan suka shafi Turai gaba, inda suka iyo a cikin kogin da kuma fara ci gaba. Bano likes karfi igiyoyin, a cike da laka ko yashi ƙasa. Lura da shi ne da wuya sosai, da rana, yana boyewa a cikin burrows ko a karkashin duwatsu. A dare, ya zo daga ya mafaka. Mai ransa Turai bano ciyarwa a cikin ruwa tare yanayi.

transboundary kifi

Mutane da suke zaune a Halo, sananniyar tattalin arziki yankin, da aka sani da giciye-iyakar. Amma, wadannan sun hada da wasan kusa-anadromous kifi cewa rayuwa a cikin m muhallin, blizprilegayuschey zuwa kõguna da spawn a ruwa tare kududdufai. Wadannan sun hada da bream, irin kifi. A cikin Azov Sea da Aral Sea, da Arewa Caspian an samu Pike, roach, roach.

Anadromous nau'in kifi na Caspian Sea

Yana burge tare da bambancin da suke zaune duniya na Caspian tasa. Hadu a nan sosai kananan gobies da giant wakilan - beluga. Salmon da lamprey, kiran a Kourou zuwa spawn, sau da yawa mutu a dalilin matsananciyar yunwa. Domin anadromous kifi na kwari hada da wadannan jinsuna: kifi, farin kifi, sturgeon, ƙaya sturgeon. Ina sha'awan wani teku Pike perch, Pike, catfish, irin kifi, irin kifi da fari Amur.

Sturgeons isar ba manya-manyan, amma akwai mutane da suka yi rayuwa fiye da shekaru 30. Wasu daga stellate sturgeon a Caspian Sea har zuwa 40 kg na nauyi. Amma kifi a cikin teku kama kasa da kasa. Muhimmanci kifi ya kama nan ne Pike. A gagarumin ɓangare na kama shi ne Rudd cewa an samu a kan kankara, ya rufe tare da m ciyayi.

Kariya na migratory kifi

Hatcheries sun zama da muhimmanci sosai ga kare da yawa jinsunan migratory kifi. Irin shuke-shuke suna da yawa gina a dams a bakin manyan koguna. A mãtan suna kama da artificially inseminated. Bayan nuna rubutu ta maruƙa kiyaye a cikin na musamman tafkunan. Bayan da toya girma, suna aika zuwa na musamman tafki ko kogi. A Rasha hatcheries biliyoyin soya suna girma a kowace shekara. Kamar wancan sake bugawa da mayar da mafi muhimmanci da anadromous jinsunan kifaye: sturgeon da kuma kifi. Wasu suna tsunduma a namo perch da whitefish.

Rasha kamun kifi na Volga da kuma Don kafa wani samarwa-saba kifi: bream da kuma irin kifi. A toya ana ciyar a kan irin shuke-shuke da halitta, ko roba ciyarwa.