"Chateau Lafite" (Chateau Lafite-Rothschild). Red ruwan inabi daga Faransa

Fiye da karni sanannen Faransa ruwan inabi Château Lafite ( «Château Lafite") ya kasance mafi tsada da kuma mafi kyau a duniya, wakiltar ganin mutuncinsu, da wadata, da girma alatu. Tun da ƙarshen XIX karni a kan halittar wadannan na musamman giya na aikin ƙarni da dama daga cikin Rothschild iyali.

A gidan gona a kan tudun

Daya daga cikin mafi shahara a duniya na wineries Château Lafite-Rothschild aka located a Faransa Bordeaux, Medoc gundumar. A karo na farko da wannan mulkin gargajiya Estate da aka ambata a cikin takardu dating baya zuwa 1234 shekara. Philologists da'awar cewa sunan "Lafite" da aka samu daga Gasconci la hite, ma'ana "gangara tudun". Wannan sunan sosai dace gidan gona located a kan wani m gangaren dutsen.

A kadan tarihi

Château Lafite Estate mallakar har sai lokacin rani na 1868, lokacin da Baron Dzheyms Yakov De Rothschild, wanda ya jagoranci a lokacin da Faransa reshe na sanannun iyali, ya samu fiye da 70 kadada na inabi, da na tattalin arzikin da kanta, da wadannan mutum:

• bafadan Joseph Soba de Pommier.
• Zhak De Segur - notary.
• Aleksandr De Segur.
• Nicolas-Alexandre, Marquis de Segur.
• Nicolas Marie Alexandre de Ségur.
• Nicolas Per De Pishar.
• Baron Jean Arend de Za ka Van Steenvwyck.
• Zhan De Witt.
• Oton Giyom Jean Berg.
• Jean de Gaulle Frankenstein.
• Vanlerberg banki.
• Madame Lemaire Barbara Rosa.

fitarwa lokaci

By farkon na XVIII karni "Château Lafite" - ruwan inabi da aka riga aka sani, kuma su ne a bukatar. Wannan fi mayar da gudummawar "Wine Prince» - Nicolas Alexandre de Ségur, sa babba kokarin inganta tattalin arzikin samar giya. A canje-canje suna nuna babban yabo biyu a Faransa da kuma ƙasashen waje. A Duke na Richelieu a lokacin da yake gwamna a lardin Hyenas da iyali likita rika amfani da ruwan inabi "Château Lafite". Da shawara a taimake Château Lafite zama a kan sarauta tebur na Louis XV. Majalisarsa da kuma manya, bin misali na sarkinsu, kuma ya fara oda shi. Fira Ministan Birtaniya, Sir Robert Valpoul, sosai mai daraja kayayyakin "Château Lafite" da kuma kowane 'yan watanni ga umurnin fiye da 200 lita na ruwan inabi.

A wata takarda da aka buga a tsakiyar XIX karni "da hukuma rarrabuwa na Bordeaux" ruwan inabi-samar da estate na Château Lafite aka hukumance kunshe a cikin category na Premier Grand Cru Classe da aka gane a matsayin daya daga saman hudu.

A zamanin da Rothschilds

A lokacin rani na 1868, sake mu sayar da dukiya inabi, da Château Lafite. The farashin biya da James de Rothschild, shi ne a wancan lokaci, kusan mutane miliyan 5 francs. Watanni uku bayan da yarjejeniyar James mutu, kuma Winery ya gaji 'ya'yansa uku, Edmond, Alphonse da Gustave. Harvest ne wannan, 1868 shekara ya rikodin high, dukan tsiya kawai a karshen da XX karni, da farashin - 900 lita ganga - 6.250 francs, kwatankwacin wani zamani 5,000 kudin Tarayyar Turai.

m sau

Tun karshen XIX da farkon rabin karni XX "Chateau Lafite Rothschild" da aka fafitikar rayuwa. Ke da cutar na phylloxera na launin toka mold da wani mummunan tasiri a kan gonakin inabi. A yakin duniya na farko ya barke, sa'an nan babban mawuyacin na thirties ya kai ga wani mataki mai drop a farashin da ruwan inabi samar a Turai. Duk da wannan gudummawar da gaskiya cewa Rothschilds deklassifitsirovali wasu ruwan inabi girbi daga 1882 zuwa 1886, da kuma wasu shekaru. Bugu da kari, a wannan lokaci domin kawar da yiwuwar jabu da kuma zamba, da ruwan inabi ne kawai a kan ƙasa na Château Lafite. Around lokaci guda an rage muhimmanci yanki na gonakin inabi, amma duk da haka yana da 'yan al'amurran da suka shafi na kyau kwarai quality giya kamar 1899, 1906 da kuma 1929. Elie Robert - dan Edmond da kuma babban-jikan James de Rothschild, ya ɗauki kwalkwali na iyali kasuwanci a karshen yakin duniya na biyu. Shi ne ya yi tare da haɗin gwiwar mashahuri oenologist cewa lokaci Farfesa Emilem Peyno sanya wani babban taimako ga post-yaki maimaitawa na Faransa winemaking, kuma ya kasance daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa na Médoc winemakers al'umma.

The canji na ikon

A cikin seventies na karshe karni wani canji na a zamaninsu, kuma Baron Elie Robert mika management na Château Lafite Eric de Rothschild - dan dan'uwansa. A sabon shugaban da aka ba kawai updated da tawagar, amma kuma ya fara dasa matasa inabõbi, kuma ya fara yin amfani da musamman kayayyaki da kuma hanyoyin da shuka kariya. Harkokin fasahar Sharl Shevale, wanda aka kira su zuwa ga ƙarnin na XX zuwa karni sarrafa a Faransa gidan gona da kuma iko a kan ingancin samar da ruwan inabi, da kuma wannan rana aiki domin Rothschild.

yanzu jiha

Yau da iyali-mallakar kamfanin "Chateau Lafite Rothschild" shi ne wani ɓangare na wani ruwan inabi-girma rike DBR Lafite - Domaines Barons de Rothschild (Lafite), mallakar da Faransa reshe na iyali. Wannan kamfanin ya samu dama gonakin inabi a Faransa, kazalika da a kudancin Amurka kasashe irin su Argentina da kuma Chile. Saboda wannan kamfanin ya muhimmanci ƙãra yanki na inabi, da samar ya karu.

Gona da inabi

Modern gonar inabi a cikin Bardo suna located in da dama yankunan:

• a kan yankunan kusa da kauyen na Saint-Estèphe,
• a yammacin kadarori, a kan wani tudu Karryuad.
• kai tsaye kusa da castle, a kan gangara tudun.

Wadannan gonakin inabi matalauta kasa kunshi cakuda tsakuwa da lafiya yashi wadda ake bisa ga m farar ƙasa samuwar. Saboda da nakasa daga ƙasa, yawan aiki ne quite low, amma taro na daban-daban abubuwa ne sosai high. Duk wannan yana rinjayar da richness da wuya daga cikin furannin ruwan inabi.

Yau, da wadannan iri na inabõbi suna girma a farm:

• Cabernet Sauvignon (Cabernet Sauvignon) - tsiro game da 70% na yankin.
• Merlot - ¼ gonakin inabi.
• Petit Verdot da Cabernet Franc, a sosai kananan yawa.

The duniya-sanannen ja ruwan inabi daga Faransa - Château Lafite-Rothschild aka yi ne kawai daga berries tattara daga inabõbi girmi shekaru 30. Akwai kuma wani bangare na La mafi girman zunubi a, inda inabõbi fiye da shekaru 100, da kuma da dama shafukan da more "matasa" - 80-shekara.

Yadda za a yi ruwan inabi?

Estate Lafitte don adana da mutunci kuma bambancinsa innabi dandano da kowane sashi, shi ne fermented a raba tankuna.

Cikin uku zuwa hudu makonni, da wort ferments a katako vats, nomena rani ɓangaren litattafan almara da kuma gudanarwa da miƙa mulki daga shi aromatic da kuma ciro mahadi, ma'adanai da kuma polysaccharides samar da ruwan inabi. Bayan kammala wannan mataki na dandanawa sakamakon abun da ke ciki da kuma zuba shi a vats for malolactic fermentation, ko kamar yadda shi ne ake kira, malolactic fermentation, bayar da tasu gudunmuwar magance da dandano da kuma rage acidity. Rabo daga cikin sabon ruwan inabi da aka zuba a cikin tanki na vats. A watan Maris, kafin drinks razolyut da ganga, tãrawar ne da za'ayi. Wannan hadawa matasa giya sanya daga 'ya'yan inabi daga cikin iri-iri amma girma a fagage daban-daban. 18 - 20 months ganga sanya shi a cikin wani cellar ga tsufa ruwan inabi, sa'an nan an riga an kwalba.

"Da farko" da "biyu" ruwan inabi

The main, ko "na farko" ruwan inabi "Lafite Rothschild" da aka halitta a cikin m 1815 Château Lafite-Rothschild. A abun da ke ciki dangane da amfanin gona samu dauki kashi 80 - 95% Cabernet Sauvignon, 5 - 20% Merlot, da kuma duk wannan za a iya supplemented da kananan adadin Petit Verdot da Cabernet Franc. Wannan m, masana sun ce, "jiki" da ruwan inabi a kowace shekara samar game da 90 000 - 145 000 kwalabe, kyale su "Chateau Lafite" farashin ne ko da yaushe sa a wata sosai high matakin.

The "biyu" ruwan inabi na Faransa Winery - Carruades de Lafite, kusan zuwa karshen karni na karshe shi aka sani da Moulas des Carruades. Samar da shi ne kawai daga inabi girbe daga inabõbi Karryuad tudu. Ya dogara ne, dangane da yawan amfanin ƙasa, - Merlot (30 - 50%) kuma Cabernet Sauvignon (50 - 70%) kuma 5% Petit Verdot da Cabernet Franc. Ya bambanta da "farko" ruwan inabi, "biyu" yana da shekaru 18 da watanni a duka sabon matsayin da kyau kamar yadda a cikin shekaru biyu itacen oak ganga. A kowace shekara shi samar game da 180,000 kwalabe.

Tsada sosai, kuma m ...

Fice shekaru (vintages) Château Lafite na karni, kuma ya cancanci 100 daga 100 yiwu maki, a duniya-mashahuri gwani Robert Parker ya kira: 1982 th, 1986 th, 1990 th, 1996 th, 2000 th da kuma 2003 th. Duk da cewa wannan jerin ne ba "Chateau Lafite 1963," ta farashin ne high - daga 85,000 Rasha rubles da kuma sama. Ga kawai a sami shi kusan yiwu ba, sai dai in kai ne m saya a wasu gwanjo.