Da narkewa batu na lu'u-lu'u, da jiki Properties da kuma tsarin da ma'adinai

Mene ne narkewa batu da kuma tafasar batu na lu'u-lu'u? Shin akwai wani ma'adinai a wani zubi jihar a wani yanayi? Samun amsoshin wadannan tambayoyi da sauran yin wannan a cikin biyayya.

Yadda Diamonds aka kafa a cikin ƙaunar da ƙasa?

A cewar masana harkokin kimiyya, da Diamonds iya yi ya faru a lokacin da samuwar da core na duniya a sakamakon daukan hotuna zuwa zubi magma babban matsin lamba. By surface rabo daga cikin ɓawon burodi duwatsu masu daraja cigaban ta hanyar gasification matakai a cikin zurfin kankara. A sakamakon haka shi ake kira da lu'u-lu'u bututu cewa sune voids a wani m gona da manyan ma'adinai adibas.

abu Properties

Kafin mu gano abin da lu'u-lu'u narkewa batu, bari mu yi la'akari da kaddarorin na ma'adinai:

1. Diamonds da mafi awo da taurin duk data kasance albarkatun. Saboda wannan dalili, babu wani daga cikin abu ne ba iya lalata tsarin da lu'u-lu'u, ko karce ta surface. Shi da kansa zai iya lalata wani jiki abu.
2. Diamond ne mai inganci sosai insulator. Shi ne resistant zuwa acid da wasu lalatattu sinadaran yanayin.
3. Diamond yana da mafi thermal watsin cikin dukan m adibas. A gemstone iya zama kamar yadda dole rike m a hannunsa. A wannan yanayin, shi ba zai canza da yawan zafin jiki.
4. Diamond yana da wani musamman luminescence. Hasken da daga duk wani tushen kamar yadda ya wuce ta ma'adinai sa shi haskaka haske da kuma sparkle tare da dukan launuka na bakan gizo.

tsarin

A sakamako, lu'u-lu'u da aka hada da carbon atoms. Duk da haka, kowace daga cikinsu aka located a tsakiyar wani tetrahedron - a polyhedron cewa an kafa na hudu jirage na alwatika. Wannan na samar musamman karfi bond na kwayoyin halitta. Wannan yana bayyana dalilin da mafi taurin da kuma ban sha'awa lu'u-lu'u narkewa batu.

Yanayin lu'u-lu'u narkewa

A 2010, a cikin shakka daga gwaje-gwajen da na kimiyyar lissafi, University of California awon located in Berkeley, ƙayyade da matakin da yawan zafin jiki sakamako a kan lu'u-lu'u, wanda ya haddasa shi ya narke. Masana kimiyya sun ƙaddara cewa abu ne tuba a cikin wani ruwa nau'i karkashin al'ada yanayi ba zai yiwu, ko da kuwa da matakin na dumama. Cimma wannan burin iya kawai a fallasa su da lu'u-lu'u ba kawai da yawan zafin jiki amma kuma mafi girma matsa lamba. Kara matsa lamba cewa wajibi ma'adinai da aka ba su tuba zuwa graphite. Saboda haka, da lu'u-lu'u jũya a cikin ruwa nau'i ne musamman wuya a aiwatar.

Mene ne narkewa batu da kuma tafasar batu na wani lu'u-lu'u?

A cewar data samu a lokacin nazarin kayan Properties, ta narkewa sararin samaniyar karkashin babban matsin auku a kan dumama zuwa 850-1000 ° ^C da ruwan lu'u-lu'u za a iya gyara ta hanyar aiki a kan shi daga zazzabi na 1800 zuwa 2000 ^o C a vacuo. A lokuta biyu, da sanyaya na ma'adinai da aka canza kama zuwa graphite.

Tabbatar abin da lu'u-lu'u narkewa zafin jiki, masana kimiyya sun gudanar da gwaje-gwajen da amfani a kananan halitta ma'adinai wanda taro rabo ya 1/10 Carat. Ruwan saman abu ya faru a ƙarƙashin rinjayar a tura kalaman generated anta to short Laser hatsaisai.

Saita wa wanda lu'u-lu'u nuna alama daidai da narkewa zafin jiki (a cikin digiri), da masu bincike sun iya ƙirƙirar matsin wanda shi ne miliyan 40 sau mafi girma fiye da al'ada matsa lamba a teku matakin yanayi. By ragewan da matsa lamba ga 11 atmospheres miliyan tafasar ma'adinai a kan surface fara samar da m barbashi wanda ba nutse amma taso kan ruwa a cikin ruwa kamar kankara.

Ina Diamonds ake samu a cikin duniya ta ɓawon burodi?

Wadannan ma'adanai ne musamman rare. Duk da haka, kasuwanci adibas a halin yanzu ana ci gaba a kusan dukkan nahiyoyi na duniya. The kawai togiya ne Antarctica.

Har tsakiyar karni na 19th shi aka yi imani da cewa ma'adanai kafa a cikin kogin sediments. Daga baya da suka bũɗe farko lu'u-lu'u rami a wani m dutsen ƙasa a zurfin dama da ɗari mita.

A cewar masana harkokin kimiyya, da shekaru wasu Diamonds daga miliyan 100 zuwa biliyan 2.5 shekaru. Masu bincike sun iya samun kan "haihuwa" ma'adanai Extraterrestrial asalin. A karshe ya shiga a duniya, tare da meteorites, wanda aka kafa a cikin sarari kafin samuwar da hasken rana tsarin.

Shin akwai Diamonds a zubi form karkashin yanayi?

Narkewa batu lu'u-lu'u ne don haka high cewa a duniya ma'adinai iya daina zama a cike view. Amma abin da game da sarari abubuwa? A cewar masana harkokin kimiyya, lu'u-lu'u narkewa zafin jiki har yanzu kiyaye a cikin ciki na taurari kamar Neptune da Uranus. Abin lura shi ne cewa na karshe 10% na carbon kafa, wanda shi ne tsarin tushen wannan ma'adinai.

A cewar masana kimiyya da dama, a kan muka ambata a sama taurari suna dukan tekuna na Diamonds a cikin ruwa tafasar form. Wannan jarrabawa dalilin da ya sa Magnetic filin na basamaniyai nuna hali haka garibi. Lalle ne, Neptune da Uranus ne kawai duniya a cikin hasken rana tsarin, a cikin abin da yanayin dogayen sanda ba su da wata hujja wuri, kuma a zahiri rabu a sarari. Don tabbatar da ban sha'awa jarrabawa iya kawai canzawa irin wannan yanayi a duniya ta hanyar experimentation. Duk da haka, irin wannan bayani a lokacin ne musamman tsada da kuma lokacin cinyewa. Saboda haka yayin da babu wata hanyar domin sanin for tabbata ko kusa taurari da dukan tekuna na Diamonds a zubi form.