Electric bano: nazarin halittu da halayyar

Electric bano - kifi wanda ya haifar da wani sallama halin yanzu ƙarfin lantarki na 650 V. Wannan irin ƙarfin lantarki iya zama farauto mutum wanda shi ne a kusa da nan. Jima'i balagagge lantarki bano kai kusan mita uku a tsawon, sa'an nan, kamar yadda ta kauri ne game da goma santimita. Uku lantarki gabobin zauna kusan 80% na bano jiki, sauran 20 sun shagaltar da sauran gawawwakin da yin wani m aiki (haifuwa, numfasawa, narkewa, da dai sauransu).

Yawanci, ruwa sanaki wani lantarki bano, matalauta a oxygen, duk da haka, shi ne, ba rude. Domin da yawa shekaru dubbai na juyin halitta, ya koya numfashi O2. Sun conger iya gani, duk da haka, a tsawon shekaru, ya gani aka hanzari tabarbarewa. Ya kamata a lura da cewa yanayi da yake rayuwa, idanunsa suna ba musamman m. Acne emit rauni lantarki hasken dake fitowa (40-50 C), low-ƙarfin lantarki sallama bayanai don taimaka su samu su ganima.

Na dukan kifayen fauna ne kawai iya samar da wannan adadin ikon cewa zai iya kamu da inna ko kashe wani mutum. Special electro bauta kifi ga fuskantarwa, da tsaro, da farauta, da kuma sadarwa. Banana jini ne iya haihuwa game da 250 jinsunan kifaye, duk da haka, kawai iri biyu kifi (eels kuma haskoki) zõ da wani cajin haka m cewa zai iya kashe wani mutum. Wutar lantarki na faruwa a cikin jikin dabbobi, ciki har da mutane. Banana hasken dake fitowa ta daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar jijiya zaruruwa a cikin kwakwalwa neurons sun shũɗe daban-daban sakonni wanda ke faruwa a cikin jiki. A jikin eels kuma haskoki samar makamashi sosai cewa za su iya amfani da shi a matsayin wani makami. Back a cikin marigayi 18th karni, masana kimiyya sun gano cewa jijiyar ne elektrohimicheskuyu yanayi. A wasu kalmomin, ko da a cikin wadanda farkon shekaru, da aka tabbatar da cewa, jijiya sakonni - da motsi na ions ta cikin membrane neurocyte. A sauran ko rashin aiki da ta membrane Kwayoyin suna da wani mummunan m (a cikin ajiyar ions K) da kuma a waje tara biyu korau da kyau ions (sodium da kuma potassium ions). A kan aiwatar da shigar azzakari cikin farji na sodium ions a cikin cell m aka canza zuwa tabbatacce. A al'ada jihar saboda da aiki na "sodium famfo" tantanin halitta samun kawar da sodium ions.

bano kifi yana da kyau saba da rayuwa a cikin bauta, shi ne m mazauni na gida aquariums. Wasu magoya nuna musamman ikon da eels yin amfani da kwararan fitila, wayoyi wanda aka tsallake a cikin akwatin kifaye. Gabansa m ganima (kananan kifi abinci guda), lantarki bano farawa da samar da wutar lantarki jini a wani ruwa-ruwa matsakaici. Don ji a tsaye amo sakamakon electrodischarges a kan akwatin kifaye sa sauti amplifiers. Mu'amala da irin wannan Pet - shi ne quite m.

A musamman ikon na bano masana kimiyya suna karatu fiye da karni. A lokacin yakin duniya na II eels amfani da gwaje-gwajen a kan sakamako daga jijiya gas, tarewa watsa daga hasken dake fitowa ta, kuma ta haka ne zai iya shafar muhimmanci gabobin aikin aiki (zuciya, huhu, da narkewa kamar tsarin). Jijiya gas hana tsakiyan nonon na acetylcholine (matsakanci) bayan shi tubalan "sodium famfo" neuron. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, acetylcholine a cikin jiki nan da nan bayan da tsaga, da yadda za a yi ta primary aiki. A hydrolytic tsari ne sarrafawa da enzyme (cholinesterase). Just jijiya gas toshe aiki na ce enzyme.

Electro bano halin da gagarumin abun ciki na cholinesterase. Soja kwararru sun yi amfani da wutar lantarki eels a matsayin tushen da enzyme, cewa ya zama dole ga karatu da ginshikai na mataki na jijiya gas a kan jikin mutum.