Extraversion - cewa ... Principles of Psychology. Sikelin da xamfaruwar, extroversion

Psychologists daga farkon samuwar wannan kimiyya yi kokarin rarraba fasali na mutum mutum bisa ga wasu sharudda. Wata irin wannan rarrabuwa ne irin fushi, wanda dogara ne a kan mutum halaye na juyayi tsarin. Swiss psychologist Carl Jung samarwa a daban-daban model, dangane da motsi na qwaqwalwa ne qwarai makamashi. Daga wannan ra'ayi 2 sirri saituna da aka gano:

• extraversion.
• xamfaruwar.

A yanayi na wannan sabon abu

By installing sani nufa dangane da abubuwa ko duniya. Xamfaruwar da extroversion - ne m hanyoyi na mutum karbuwa ga duniya a kusa da shi, tare da wadannan biyu saituna ba musamman ga mutane. A cewar Jung, kome a cikin yanayi ne zuwa kashi 2 kungiyoyin. Features na farko - a high kudi na haifuwa, wanda aka tare da wani low tsawon rai na mutum da kuma raunana tsaron gida damar iya yin komai. Na biyu kungiyar wakiltar mutane da kai isar cikin sharuddan adana, amma wannan ne yake shan wahala daga matakin na haihuwa. Yana da ba haka da wuya a gane cewa extraversion - wannan shi ne na farko da irin halayyar a cikin yanayi, jigon wanda yake da haifuwa da kuma warwatsar da samar da makamashi a duk inda, da kuma xamfaruwar - na biyu, da mutum a nan Kare kanta da wani tsoma daga waje, yayin da jawabin da mafi ƙarancin makamashi.

Extroverts amfani ne directed zuwa waje duniya. A cikin rawar da wani abu a lokaci guda bauta wa sauran mutane da kuma abubuwa. Kamar wancan bayyana abin da ake kira waje gaskiya. Domin introverts amfani ne da salama - ciki gaskiya.

halaye extroverts

Sanin kayan yau da kullum na tunani, za mu iya fili delineate da siffofin muhimmi ga wani musamman hali irin. Domin da extroverted wadannan gaskiya ne:

• rayuwa revolves a kusa da waje abubuwa.
• darajar abubuwa da sadarwa da irin mutumin da yistin.
• damar abu dangantakar;
• mutane zuwa gare shi komai, a matsayin kawai abu na kallo.
• tun mutane darajar for extrovert low, sa'an nan ya yi ƙoƙari ya inganta;
• duk da goyon baya da makamashi, extroverted hula da sauri. Saboda da babban makamashi ta halin kaka na sadarwa, da suka fi son zama shi kadai.

Halaye na introverts

Bi da bi, wani mai dankeriya za a iya halin da wadannan siffofin:

• abstracting daga abu, watau otvlekanie libido daga gare shi.
• Shugabanci na motsi na ciki da duniya, daga real.
• mutane gane hali.
• sau da yawa abubuwa ne maƙiya a cikin mai dankeriya.
• Tamanin da dukiya ga irin wannan mutum shi ne high, don haka shi yayi kokarin rage darajar, don haka kamar yadda ba su samun a haɗe zuwa gare su;
• idan wani mai dankeriya ba ya unsa da aiki aiwatar da sadarwa, da mai dankeriya ji daidai a cikin m kamfanoni.

ciki da muradi

A cewar Jung, extraversion - wannan candor, motsi, ikon samun tare da sauran mutum, sauki adaptability ga halin da ake ciki. Natura tare da irin wannan hali da sauri halitta zamantakewa dangantaka da kuma ƙauna, haka sauƙi faduwa misgivings da fargaba. A wani wanda ba a sani halin da ake ciki extrovert sauki m m fitattu.

Xamfaruwar halin da na nuna oscillating yanayi, o ƙarin tabbatar da shãmaki. Irin wannan mutum ayan ci gaba da kaina daga abu da kuma shi ne kusan ko da yaushe a kan tsaron gida.

A tuki da karfi domin ganewa, hukunci da extrovert ayyuka ne waje dalilai. Ganin cewa mai dankeriya ne antithesis wannan yanayin abubuwa. A idanun wani extrovert, mutane tare da wani daban-daban irin hali ne m da kuma sauƙi ake iya faɗi, ɓarna ne a cikin yardar kowa. A daidai wannan lokaci, wani mai dankeriya wanda o ƙarin tabbatar da zama wadãtacce, bi da mutane tare da daura irin m sa a matsayin capricious, na waje bums, wanda aka kullum kokarin jawo hankalin da hankali a kowace hanya zai yiwu.

Bincike na xamfaruwar da extraversion

Psychologist Gans Ayzenk jagoranci dokar, bisa ga abin da model na hali za a iya halin da abubuwa guda biyu: Dabi'ar (extraversion / xamfaruwar) da kuma juriya. Wannan tsarin ba ka damar sanin irin daidai isasshen halin da fuskantarwa. Kamar wancan extroversion / xamfaruwar za a iya bazu zuwa cikin 8 daban-daban model.

Game Halaye muka yi magana kadan mafi girma, don haka ba za mu zauna a kan su sake. Yafi ban sha'awa a wannan batun shi ne ma'auni na neuroticism. Kamar yadda ya bayyana ta Eysenck, halin dogara daidai a kan zaman lafiyar na da wani mutum. Saboda haka, a high neuroticism mutumin ya bambanta rashin daidaituwa da shafi tunanin mutum da tafiyar matakai, da tausaya rashin zaman lafiya da kuma lability na autonomic juyayi tsarin. The mutum da irin wannan mutum shi ne excitable, tare da halayyar bambancin yanayi, suspiciousness, sluggishness da cirkaka. A daura da iyakacin duniya neuroticism ne halayyar da mutum tare da wani tunanin da kwanciyar hankali, daidaituwa da kuma arfi.

halin

Scale-xamfaruwar extroversion da kuma rashin zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali-shi ne m, kuma bipolar. Wancan ne, yana yiwuwa ya gamu da wani mai dankeriya da wani extrovert kamar da high neuroticism da low. Halayen mutane a cikin wannan harka za a karfi da jũna. Mafi yawan mutane suna da halaye da cewa suna located a kusa da cibiyar da Eysenck sikelin. Strong nesa da sandunan nuna wani sabawa daga nufin darajar, kuma ta haka ne, mai tsanani daga na sirri Properties.

A bayan amincewarsa da wannan sikelin da hudu iri halin iya kacokan dangantaka ta kai tsaye. Alal misali, a lokacin da motsi tare da kwance axis daga hagu zuwa dama qara extraversion - wannan ya nuna da matakin gaskiya na mutumin. A tsaye axis na kasa-up da za ka iya gani a karu a zaman lafiyar.

A cewar Eysenck temperaments za a iya bayyana kamar haka:

• choleric - m, extroverted.
• sanguine - barga extroverted.
• melancholic - m, introverted.
• phlegmatic mutum - wani kwari, introverted.

Xamfaruwar-extroversion - gwajin

Domin a daidai ƙayyade da irin m hali na mutum, shi wajibi ne ya jũya zuwa wani psychologist, wanda a kan tushen da dama gwaje-gwaje iya mafi daidai ayyana shi. Ga wani mai sauri rajistan shiga iya yin amfani da daban-daban questionnaires, akwai a kan Internet, ko thematic wallafe-wallafe. Su ka damar kimanta offhand hali da kuma mutum fuskantarwa.

Amma wajibi ne a fahimci cewa žwarewar wannan gwaje-gwaje da za a iya iyakance a cikin ra'ayi na isa rikitaccen kayyade Psycho. Bayan duk, extraversion - wannan ba ko da yaushe cikakken bude irin mutum. Akwai isasshen yawan "matakai" m sa. Saboda haka, shi ne mai idon basira, mu sadu da mai dankeriya, wanda aka halin sociability da gaskiya, kuma, a akasin haka, rufe extrovert.

ƙarshe

Amma zama da cewa kamar yadda zai iya, a kan extraversion gwajin zai gane arfi da raunin da mutum jam'iyyun. Shi ne da farko damuwa tare da mataki na excitability, wanda kai tsaye rinjayar da gudun ji da kuma ilmantarwa. Ilimi na mutum Psycho damar more a zabi da hakkin irin aiki da sana'a, kazalika da taimakawa, wajen kauce wa rikice-rikice a lokacin da ake rubutu da wani mutum gaba daya kishiyar irin.