Ferric chloride

Average baƙin ƙarfe chloride gishiri wanda dabara FeCl3, shi ne a fili na trivalent baƙin ƙarfe tare da hydrochloric acid. Wannan abu ne mai farantin (ganye) black-kasa-kasa launi, wanda shimmer kuma flicker a cikin haske. Yana yana da guda ganyen purple ko kore dafa da ciwon ƙarfe luster.

Wannan fili farfado da karfi hygroscopicity, kai tsaye zuwa iska a karkashin al'ada yanayi jũya a cikin wani hydrate daga gare ta, da dabara na wanda FeCl3 • 6H2O. Wadannan lu'ulu'u sun rawaya ko yellow-kasa-kasa launi daidai narkewa a cikin ruwa - at zazzabi dvadtsatigradusnoy bayani a 100 grams na ruwa da aka gaba daya narkar da, 91,9 g na anhydrous ferric chloride gishiri.

Narkewa batu ne 309 ° C. A sinadaran masana'antu an samar, yawanci a cikin nau'i na wani anhydrous gishiri ko a matsayin crystalline shestimolekulyarnogo. A masana'antu, da baƙin ƙarfe chloride da ake amfani wajen samar da m polystyrene a Manufacturing daban-daban coatings. A duk da wannan fasahar dauki faruwa tare da sa hannu na phenol ko cresol ethyl ester, wanda aka sarrafawa a lokacin da dauki. Yawanci, da baƙin ƙarfe chloride ne maras tabbas, kuma evaporates tare da ruwa tururi. Lokacin da aka adana a cikin gumi yanayi abu shimfidawa. Wannan sabon abu za a iya lura ko da a 100 ° C, da zazzabi ƙaruwa kara da kuma kai ta maki 317 ° C, da baƙin ƙarfe chloride iii fara tafasa da kuma ƙafe, bi da bazuwar. Gishiri, an shirya a cikin wannan hanya daga gaseous mataki nan da nan crystallizes da aka ajiye a kan jirgin ruwa. A wannan precipitate haka barga cewa shi ba a wanke tafi ko ta amfani da carbon tetrachloride, wanda kuma condenses a kan garun da jirgin ruwa.

Ferric chloride za a iya samu a cikin shakka daga wani fairly sauki gwaji. Don yin wannan, dole ne ka yi aiki a kan baƙin ƙarfe filings chlorine a gaseous jihar. A sakamakon irin wannan dauki za a iya samu ferric gishiri. Wannan ya bambanta daga wannan dauki wani dauki a cikin abin da aiki abu ne hydrochloric acid.

Bayan wannan hanya, ferrous chloride iya wadda ta shirya wani hadawan abu da iskar shaka dauki, wanda ya shafi chlorine da na baƙin ƙarfe dichloride - 2FeCl2. More ban sha'awa daga ra'ayi na aikace-aikace ne a hanya domin samar da baƙin ƙarfe trichloride da hadawan abu da iskar shaka na sulfur oxide (IV).

A tururi nau'i na baƙin ƙarfe trichloride yana da wani tsarin da cewa shi ne ma kama da cewa na aluminum chloride a lokacin da dauki wadannan kwayoyin FeCl3 kasafi zai fara a lõkacin da zazzabi kai dabi'u na 500 ° C.

Wannan abu ne yadu amfani a matsayin coagulant a daban-daban ruwa magani fasahar. A sinadaran masana'antu da shi da ake amfani da matsayin mai kara kuzari a cikin halayen da kira hanyoyin gudanar da mahadi. Yadu a yi amfani da yadi masana'antu.

Lokacin da dumama da baƙin ƙarfe chloride, bayan kai da narkewa zafin jiki da kuma al'ada yanayi matsa lamba, shi decomposes a kan dichloride da chlorine kwayoyin. Shi ne fairly karfi Lewis acid trichloride, iya takara a halayen da wasu chlorides. A sakamakon irin halayen an samu daban-daban salts tetrahlorozheleznoy acid, kuma ta gasa da shi tare da baƙin ƙarfe oxide (III) zuwa 350 ° C an samu ferric oxychloride.

Kullum, da salts na ferric chloride ne mai rauni oxidizing jamiái, ko da yake akwai ban. Alal misali, shi ne quite sauki oxidize ƙarfe da tagulla. A sakamakon wannan dauki da samu narkewa chlorides CuCl da CuCl2.

Iron trichloride ake amfani da matsayin etching wakili a yi na buga kewaye allon a cikin rediyo da kuma zincographies. Kamar yadda wani mordant ne irreplaceable a cikin yadi masana'antu. A cikin masana'antu sikelin baƙin ƙarfe trichloride ake amfani da ruwa da magani fasahar.

Wannan fili ne mai guba, facilitates lalatattu tafiyar matakai. Ka guji daukan hotuna daga ruwan ferric chloride vapors cikin huhu.