Hanta fluke: cututtuka, magani, ganewar asali

Hanta fluke - a parasitic tsutsa na ga aji digenea (trematodes). Kamuwa ne yiwu tare da yin amfani da kamuwa da ruwa tare kifi raw ko talauci dafa shi. The m iya rayuwa a kan ruwa shuke-shuke, kamar wasu nau'o'in cress, kuma edible. Da zarar a cikin gastrointestinal fili fluke tafi daga hanji cikin bile ducts na hanta, inda suka fara girma. Kamuwa iya faruwa gaba daya asymptomatic, amma sau da yawa yana sa hanta fluke biliary tsarin cuta ciki har da hanta bile ducts da kuma gallbladder. Duk da yake a cikin raya ƙasashe kamu da wannan tsutsa (fascioliasis) ne quite rare, da Gaskiyar shine cutar da ake bincikar lafiya lokaci-lokaci, da kuma sun fi mayar da tsakanin mutane da suka yi tafiya zuwa inda wadannan parasites ne ya fi kowa.

Mene ne fascioliasis?

Da farko, da cutar da aka sani kawai zuwa dabbobi, da kuma wani hatsari tsutsa kira Fasciola hepatica shafi kagaggun dabbõbi a Afirka ta Kudu. Saniya, akuya, da tumaki suka dako na adult fluke kwanciya qwai a cikin ruwa. A qwai kyankyasar kwan da tsutsotsi, wanda suke a cikin yara mataki na ci gaba. Sun kamu da hanta fluke wasu iri slugs rayuwa a cikin ruwaye, da kuma girma, sannu-sannu ya koma da shuke-shuke (misali, watercress), inda shi ne ci abinci tare da kore dabbobi, waje kiwo a yankin. Tsutsotsi gnaw ta hanyar da na hanji da kuma bango kasance a cikin hanta, inda ya kai gare shi adult da kuma tasowa siffofin fara sa qwai. Human fascioliasis - yana da guda sake zagayowar, kawai a cikin jikin mutum.

kamuwa da cuta

Hanta fluke (ga photo. A cikin labarin) ne da hatsari ga waɗanda suka ci raw ko zurfi soyayyen ne bad (undercooked) ruwa tare kifi da albarkatun shuke-shuke da ganyen wanda rayuwa parasites. Daga cikin wadannan da aka jera shuke-shuke watercress, daji Mint, Dandelion, Piste da kuma wasu sauran Flora girma a ruwa ko bankuna na kududdufai, da amfani da shiri na sabo salads. A rare lokuta, mutum zai iya karba kamuwa da cuta a sakamakon shan gurbata ruwa.

Simple rinsing da ruwa edible leaf ba ya kare da larvae na parasites, amma da suka mutu a lokacin dafa abinci da kuma wanka shuka 6% acetic acid ko potassium permanganate.

Kamuwa da cuta da cin nama daga kamuwa da dabbobi ne ba zai yiwu.

cututtuka

Idan wani mutum da aka kama da wannan m, a matsayin hanta fluke, kamuwa da cuta cututtuka iya zama gaba ɗaya mãsu fakowa ba. Duk da haka, a mafi yawan lokuta, marasa lafiya bayar da rahoton sabon abu ãyõyin cuta a gare su, a cikin wata daya bayan cin m jita-jita da abinda ke ciki na ruwa shuke-shuke ko raw kifi. A wannan mataki, cutar bayyanar cututtuka suna hade da farko tare da tsutsa shigar azzakari cikin farji tsari a cikin hanta. Motsi da fluke iya a tare da zazzabi, itching, zafi a cikin ciki yanki, fata na gaggawa, har ma da tari. Da zarar tsutsa kai adult mataki na cutar hanta cututtuka su ne kama da bayyanar cututtuka na biliary fili blockage. Ciki zafi fiye da dangantaka da zafi lalacewa ta hanyar gallstones. Jaundice bayyana, kuma bile ducts zama mafi saurin kamuwa da cuta - cholangitis. Kusan ko da yaushe alama wani rauni, lethargy, asarar ci, nauyi asara.

A adult hanta fluke iya rayuwa a cikin mutum hanta shekara goma sha biyu, amma ko da bayan mutuwa na m bayyanar cututtuka, shi ne wata ila don ci gaba a cikin ra'ayi na lalacewar ta wurin bile bututu. Fatal sakamako da cutar yana da wuya a lura.

bincikowa da

A farkon matakai da cutar fascioliasis rigakafi da tsarin na jikin mutum amsa ga kamuwa da cuta da canza yawan farin jini cell - eosinophils, wanda ya ba da yiwuwar kafa presumptive ganewar asali. Duban scans a matsayin kayan ciki da lissafta tomography (CT) damar zuwa waƙa da kai hanyar tsutsa a cikin hanta. Ko da m ya zaunar a kan wani musamman rabo daga biliary ducts, hanjinsu da hanta lalacewar zai har yanzu za a gani a kan duban dan tayi. Bugu da kari, idan da ake zargi da hanta fluke a cikin tumbi neman tsutsa qwai. Akwai kuma na musamman da karatu a gwada rigakafi da tsarin mayar da martani ga gaban m, amma ba dukan kananan dakunan shan magani iya iya gudanar da irin wannan tsada bincikowa.

magani

Rabu da mu da m ne quite sauki - akwai buƙatar ka kai daya guda kashi na da miyagun ƙwayoyi a karkashin sunan "Triclabendazole". Abin baƙin ciki shi ne, ba don sayan a Afirka ta Kudu, inda yan unguwa da kuma yawon bude ido yawanci je likita da gunaguni da hankula bayyanar cututtuka na fascioliasis, amma tabbatar da ganewar asali ne yiwuwa don tsara da wadata da mutum kwayoyi. Masana sun kuma bayar da shawarar gado sauran kuma a rage cin abinci mai arziki a cikin dabba da kayan lambu da sunadarai. Za ka iya bukatar daukar karin bitamin da kuma ƙarfe kari.

A ci-gaba lokuta inda fascioliasis kamu a ci-gaba, saukarwa, kuma girma hanta fluke aiki magani iya kunshi a gudanar da wani m aiki domin cire cutarwa m endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

rigakafin

• Incubate ruwa shuke-shuke a cikin 6% bayani daga acetic acid ko potassium permanganate for 5-10 minti.
• Kayan lambu da girma a cikin ruwa, ya kamata a sosai Boiled kafin shan.
• Ci gaba da wuraren girma edible shuke-shuke. ba za ka iya hana su daga najasa gurbatawa.
• Bi da da tumakin da shanun, idan tsohon soja kamu fascioliasis. Domin lura da dabbobi an kuma yi amfani da guda kashi "triclabendazole."

A halin yanzu, masana kimiyya suna aiki wajen samar da wani maganin da fascioliasis.