Hanyoyi na motsi na dabbobi. Materials for cikin darasi

Dukkan azuzuwan dabbobi - mafi girma da kuma m - nau'o'in amfani daban-daban daga kowace sauran hanyoyin da motsi (wani lokacin sosai asali) na ruwa, a karkashin ruwa, in iska da kuma a kan saman. Hanyar Animal motsi dogara ne a kan da yawa dalilai: da samuwar a cikin tsarin juyin halitta, gaban ko rashi na kwarangwal, da sauran tsarin fasali na musamman guda jinsunan.

A mafi muhimmanci alama

A ikon matsawa - daya daga cikin kaddarorin da rayayyun kwayoyin halitta, daga abin da aji ko suke nufi shine ko dai lasafta shi a cikin masana kimiyya. Ko shuke-shuke kawo zirga-zirga a cikin salon salula matakin. Da dabbobi, da sabanin shuke-shuke, ayan motsa dukan jiki, ta haka ne bi daban-daban a raga: foraging, haifuwa, kariya daga makiya. Saboda motsi - wannan ne sosai rai na dabi'a da kuma, musamman, ta fauna.

Hanyoyi na motsi na dabbobi. rarrabuwa

Dukan su rarrabu da irin a cikin da dama manyan kungiyoyin.

1. Amoeboid. Sunan zo daga kalmar amoeba. Wannan protozoan ba m tsari, kuma ta jiki da aka yi sama da wata guda cell da kuma yana da ikon kullum canja siffar. Jikin kafa peculiar growths kira pseudopods (pseudopods). Godiya ga wannan na'urar ne kawai da ikon motsa. A karkashin madubi, karfi isa, za ka iya ganin shi a matsayin da ta fito a kan short outgrowths kamar yadda a kan gammaye kuma Rolls, wajen yin motsi tsari.
2. Mai amsawa. Wasu sauran sauki (misali, gregarines) tafi a irin wannan hanyar, da cika fuska nuna rubutu karshen bijimin gamsai, wanda aka turawa da dabba gaba.
3. Akwai ma sauki, wanda taso kan ruwa passively a wani matsakaici (msl, ruwa). Kuma abin da su ne hanyoyi na motsi na single-celled dabbobi? Sun bambanta enviable bambancin.
4. Da taimakon flagella da cilia. Irin wannan hanyoyin su ne ma dabba motsi halayyar protozoa. Na'urorin aiwatar daban-daban ƙungiyoyi: undulating, oscillating, rotational. Tare da wadannan ƙungiyoyi na dabba da kanta, da kuma motsa (misali, euglena), yin helical yanayin. A cewar Norwegian masana kimiyya, wasu flagellates cewa rayuwa a cikin tẽku, za a iya juya su game da wani axis a high gudun: 10 juyin da na biyu!
5. Da taimakon tsokoki. Wadannan hanyoyi na motsi na dabbobi kowa da yawa jinsunan mallakan tsoka tsarin ko ta kama. Da taimakon tsokoki motsi da kuma duk dabbobi masu shayarwa, to wanda wani mutum ne da mulkin.

juyin ci gaba

Lokacin da juyin halittar dabbobi daga cikin sauki guda-celled Tsarin da kwayoyin kwayar mafi girma, tare da daban-daban gabobin da kuma ayyuka sun samo asali da kuma yadda dabbobi motsa. A kan miliyoyin shekaru, mun samo asali wani bayani dalla-dalla propulsion tsarin da damar jinsuna daban kafin su sami abincin, kubuta daga maƙiyinku, kare kansu da kuma haihuwa. Yana da muhimmanci cewa kawai 'yan sananne dabbobi gudanar da wani sedentary salon. Mafiya yawa na motsa a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban.

Tare da taimakon da tsokoki

Kwayar fauna halayyar da aiwatar da motsi da taimakon tsokoki, wanda aka kafa ta musamman tsoka kira tsoka. Wannan tsarin yana da siffa ta zuwa mu'ãmalar. Rage, tsoka kore levers, wanda suke yayan dabba skeletons. Kuma shi damar kewayawa.

Wanda a cewa da yawa

Saboda haka, tare da taimakon tsoka Tsarin slugs kuma katantanwa glide a kan saman. Earthworm, ta amfani da cavernous tsoka motsi, clinging ga bristles na m ƙasa. Leeches ana amfani da tsotsa kofuna da kuma wani maciji - fata flakes. Dabbobin da yawa, kiwon jiki sama da ƙasa, da motsi da taimako na extremities, ta haka ne da yawa rage gogayya. A sakamakon haka, yana ƙaruwa da kuma gudun motsi (sauri dabba a duniya - cheetahs, wanda tasowa a gudun kan 110 km). Wasu dabbobi suna tsalle (ko da ruwa). Wasu da tsare-tsaren, a cikin iska ko gardama. Wasu nutse, ko yin iyo a cikin ruwa, ko a cikin zurfin. Amma a ko'ina amfani da tsoka ƙarfi.

M hanyoyi da motsi na dabbobi

• Ruwa tare Hydra motsa da taimakon asali motsa da somersaults. Yana flexes jiki da kuma tentacles a haɗe zuwa surface, sa'an nan tightens da tafin kafa. A teku Anemone ne sosai m dabba ba a kanta, Munã rage da kuma shakatawa tsokoki na tafin kafa da kanta.
• Cephalopods (squid, dorinar ruwa) ne iya amsawa motsi. Su tsotse ruwa zuwa wani musamman rami na jiki da kuma jefa shi tare da karfi a cikin kunkuntar mazurari. Game da shi motsi jiki a gaban shugabanci.
• Basilisk lizard gudanar da sauri a kan ruwa (2 mita da biyu). A surface na ruwa shi gudanar da iska kumfa a karkashin Sikeli paws.
• Gecko gudanar tare da a tsaye bango na gilashi a gudun mita 1 da na biyu ba tare da fadowa. Wannan shi ne saboda da musamman tsotsa kofuna a kan kafafu lizard.
• Aljanna ado da macizai da cewa rayuwa a cikin Asia, tashi ta hanyar iska daga bishiya zuwa ta hanyar amfani da wani flattening na jiki, wanda aka tuba a lokacin a cikin wani irin tashi saucer.

sakamakon

Daban-daban iri motsi ne na kowa da dukan dabbobi da cewa wanzu a wannan duniya tamu. A tsari kanta ne da za'ayi a hanyoyi da dama. Kowace daga cikin kwayoyin saba da takamaiman halayyar shi, iri ƙungiyoyi.

Wannan abu za a iya amfani da darasi a kan "Hanyoyin motsi na dabbobi. 5 aji. "