Harriet Tubman - Afrika-American abolitionist. Biography of Harriet Tubman

Harriet Tubman Afirka American saɓa wa bawa tsarin a Amurka, kuma ya yi priverzhenka zamantakewa sake fasalin a tsakiyar sha tara - farkon karni na ashirin. Ta dukan rai da aka nufin legitimizing daidaici ga baki mutane da kuma mata.

Nasa misali ta janyo hankalin zuwa gwagwarmayar neman 'yancin da yawa bayi. Saboda magana game da gaskiyar cewa ta fuska zai bayyana a American banknotes a ƙungiyõyi na ashirin daloli, mu yi magana game da shi a duniya. Saboda haka wanda ya Harriet?

farkon shekaru

Haifi Araminta Ross, sananne ga dukan kamar yadda Harriet Tubman, mai yiwuwa a 1820 a cikin wani bawa iyali a Dorchester County (USA). A shekaru na goma sha uku, ta samu a cikin halin da ake ciki, saboda abin da ta iya mutuwa. Ta kasance a cikin shagon a lõkacin da ta bukaci taimako Shugaban bayi. Ta ya kamata ya dauki bangare a cikin duka na da wani runaway bawa. A yarinya ki bi da ake bukata, da kuma kange hanyar zuwa wani farin mutum. Domin wannan, ya jefe ta biyu-laba dumbbell, bugawa Harriet ta kai. A yarinya ta hanyar mu'ujiza tsira, amma da waraka tsari tsawon watanni. Rauni ya dame ta rayuwa.

A shekara ashirin da huɗu, ta yi aure da wani free baki mutumin, John Tubman. A wani kokarin samun 'yanci, ta ce wa mijinta game da sha'awar gudu zuwa arewa. Amma mutumin bai goyi bayan ta ƙyacẽwa, ya ba da rundunõninsa ga gudun hijira yunkurin. Sa'an nan Harriet yanke shawarar yi aiki da kansu, ba tare da sanin mijinta. Bayan ya tsere zuwa Maryland, ta shiga cikin abolitionists. Mene ne jigon wannan yunkuri?

A ra'ayi na abolitionism

Fassara daga Latin kalma tana nufin "sokewa". Wannan yunkuri, wanda ya yi yaƙi domin da abolition na bauta. By haihuwar Harriet Tubman shi aka haramta shigo cikin United States da Birtaniya mallaka na Afirka bayi. A 1833, bautar da aka dakatar a Birtaniya Empire. Duk da haka, a cikin US, da halin da ake ciki ya zauna da guda.

Daya daga cikin na farko fari-skinned abolitionists a Amurka da aka dauke su Dzhon Braun. A rabo daga wannan mutumin ya ba da sauki: da kasuwanci ba a kafa, shi dandana mutuwa matarsa ta farko, kuma da dama daga cikin yara daga farko da na biyu aure, ya overgrown basusuka, da zarar ko da ya zauna a baya shi a kurkuku. Amma John ba zai iya tunani na wani abu amma gwagwarmayar neman fansa daga bayi. A tsawon lokaci, da ayyukan da yara shiga. Its hanyoyin da gwagwarmaya sun m. A sakamakon abubuwan da suka faru a harpers Ferry, ya aka gabatar a kotu da kuma yanke masa hukumcin kisa ta hanyar rataya.

Matasa mace ta zama wani kashi na motsi ga emancipation bayi a Amurka. Ta kiyaye dangantaka da John Brown.

Saka hannu cikin abolitionist motsi

Harriet Tubman ya zama wani ɓangare na motsi tun 1849, nan da nan bayan da mafaka. Ta ajiye bayi, runaway ferrying mazauna kudancin jihohin na arewa, kazalika a Canada. A musamman kungiyar da aka halitta da wannan manufa da ake kira "Karkashin kasa Railroad."

A lissafi na Harriet Tubman warware bayi daruruwa da dubban mutanen da suka gudu nasu, wahayi zuwa gare ta misali.

Ta kanta da'awar (a cewar ta biographer Sarah Bradford), cewa ga ta akwai kawai zabi tsakanin 'yanci da kuma mutuwa. Ta gan ta rayuwa a cikin gwagwarmayar neman 'yanci.

Saka hannu cikin yakin basasa

Ba na zauna a gefe Harriet Tubman (wani Afirka-American abolitionist) a lokacin da events na 1861-1865. A yakin basasa shine muni a tarihin Amurka. A kasar da aka kasu kashi biyu sabani sansani. Daya daga cikinsu shi da Arewa ya kunshi nerabovladelcheskih jihohin kashin bayan tattalin arzikin kasar wanda ya masana'antu samar. A na biyu kuwa shi ne ta Kudu, wanda kunshi bawa jihohin kudancin da kuma arewacin sassa na Amurka, wanda tattalin arziki ne agrarian tattalin arzikin da aka rike a kan aiki bawa.

Ta yi Jihãdi, a cikin rundunar ta Arewa a matsayin nas da kuma Scout. A detachment daga ta sa hannu a 1863 ya iya saki wasu 750 bayi. Daya sakamakon yakin da aka haramta na bauta a ko'ina cikin {asar Amirka. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance warware matsalar tambaya na bayar daidai hakkokin to black mutane.

Bayan yaki ta ci gaba motsi don inganta rayuwar baƙar fata, kazalika da na yancin mata. Harriet mutu 3/10/1913 a Auburn (New York).

Fim ne game da rayuwar wani Afirka American abolitionist

Biography Harriet Tubman zarar zama tushen ga fim, wanda yana da wani aiki suna da "Harriet". Screenwriter Gregory Allen Howard sanya cewa, da Mun ɗaukakã batun nuna bambancin launin fata a wani da ya halitta - "Ka tuna da Titans."

Duk da cewa rubutun yana shirye, yin fim da zai fara a cikin shekara ta 2017. An zaci cewa za a directed da Shitu Mann. Ya aka sani na ayyukan da ya yi kamar "The Waya" series da kuma "The matattu masu tafiya."

A image a kan dollar doka

Idan ka san tarihinsa daga cikin shahararrun abolitionist a Amurka, ya zo a matsayin ba mamaki cewa sabon ashirin-dollar doka za a iya gabatar image Harriet Tubman. Dollar zai sami wani sabon fuska yiwuwa a shekarar 2020, da centenary daga ranar bayar da mata wahala.

Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a kan banknote fuska darajar ashirin daloli sun bayyana mata. A 1863, shi ne Lady Liberty da garkuwa da takobi a hannunsa, a cikin 1865 - Pocahontas, wanda aka sani a matsayin India gimbiya.

Ya kamata a tuna cewa daga 1928 zuwa yau da doka da aka zāna bakwai shugaba - Endryu Dzhekson. A lokacin, ya sanã'anta wata babbar arziki, tsunduma a cikin cinikin bayi.

A cewar wasu rahotanni, Tubman da kuma Jackson zai raba da lissafin na biyu. Irin wannan unguwa zai duba sosai m, la'akari da ra'ayoyi na biyu da Bauta.