Hermann Rorschach, a Swiss likita hauka da kuma psychologist: A Biography. M gwajin a hotuna

Rorshah Jamus - Swiss likita hauka, wanda kuwa ya gangara a tarihi godiya ga marubucin Hanyar hali bincike. Daga baya, wannan gwajin da aka yi amfani da binciken da cuta na sani. Shi ne ake kira "Spot na Rorschach" kuma shi ne mai tarin goma tawada Yana shãfe lankwasa a cikin rabin. Kowace daga cikinsu ke haifar da haƙuri ta musamman jam'iyya. Specialist su kama, na nazarin ya nuna irin nisan da shafi tunanin mutum da cuta. A wannan labarin, za mu magana game da Rorschach gwajin da sallama a takaice dai biography. Bari mu fara.

iyaye

Rorschach kunshi a cikin al'umma da wani karamin gari a arewacin Switzerland Arbon. Jamus kakanninku ba su bar shi ga dama ƙarni. Mahaifinsa Ulrich ne farkon wanda ya karya tare da al'ada. A 1882 ya aure Videnkeller Philippines da kuma bayan shekaru biyu ya bar ƙasarsa ta gari.

Da farko sun tafi Zurich. Amma bayan haihuwar Hermann (1884) Rorschach iyali koma birnin Schaffhausen. Ulrich yi aiki a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo artist, amma aikin bai kawo shi gamsuwa. Saboda haka Rorschach Sr. ya ci gaba da karatu a makarantar aiyuka Arts. Ya kasance mai hazaka draftsman kuma sau da yawa sha'awar yara wanda aka nuna a kan takarda da labaru. A 1886, Ulrich dauki wani zanen malami a makaranta da kuma makaranta Schaffhausen. Ya kasance mai witty abokinsu, kula da miji da kuma mutumin kirki ne. A wannan halaye mallaki kuma matarsa Philippine.

yara

Da farko, Hermann Rorschach halarci jama'a makaranta, da kuma bayan samun digiri koma ta gundumar. Yana featured wani mataki na horo da kuma mafi kyau iyawa. Jamus a duk batutuwa nuna daidai da sakamako mai kyau. Ya aka bred da m matasa maza.

Lokacin da Rorschach shekaru 12 da haihuwa, da uwarsa mutu. Game da yaron, kazalika da ɗan'uwana, kuma 'yar'uwar Herman yanzu dauka kula da housekeeper. Bayan shekaru biyu, Ulrich aure mai nĩsa dan uwan shi da ya mutu, matar da sunan Regina. Ta kasance mai kuzari da kuma m mace, amma Herman ba su sarrafa don samun na kowa da harshen tare da ita. A 1903, ya mutu daga wani m cuta Ulrich. Kafin ƙarshen gundumar makarantu a Jamus ne kawai watanni 12.

laƙabi

A cikin 'yan shekaru, horar da yara maza da aka yarda su shiga dalibi kwadago. Hermann Rorschach aka lasafta a cikin Company "Skafuziya". A wannan wuri ne da saurayi aka bai wa laƙabi shafe. Kuma shi ya da wani hadari. A wannan lokacin, matasa suna samun shahararsa na wannan sunan wasan. Hakika, ta kaunace da Rorschach. Yana shãfe aka kafa kamar haka: tawada a takarda zuba masa tawada, sa'an nan da takardar folded a cikin rabin. A sakamakon haka ne m images. Yana da quite m cewa yara laƙabi da soyayya na wasan sa Hermann wajen samar da m gwaje-gwaje a cikin hotuna.

Akwai wani version na asalin da ya laƙabi. Rorschach ya fi so marubucin Wilhelm Busch. A daya daga cikin labarun da mawãƙi featured artist Kleksel. Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa shi ne a girmama da Herman samu ya laƙabi.

Bayan samun digiri shafe iya ba ƙayyade nan gaba sana'a. Herman an tsãge tsakanin kimiyyar yanayin halitta da kuma al'adu. A nasa rudanin da Rorschach gaya a wata wasika zuwa Ernest Haeckal. Ya shawarci masa ya dauka a kimiyyar yanayin halitta. Ganin specialization na Haeckal ta, daya wuya samun sauran shawara. A sakamakon haka, Herman zaba magani. A shekaru 19 da ya tafi ya yi nazarin a Zurich.

magani

Duk da yake mafi yawan dalibai bayan karshen kowane zangon karatu, ya tafi zuwa wani ma'aikata, da kuma a karshen daga cikin shakka kõmãwa zuwa ga jami'a. A wannan hanya da kuma na tafi Rorschach. Ya ziyarci yawa makarantu, ciki har da wadanda a Jamus da kuma a Rasha. A gwarzo wannan labarin ya kasance sosai studious, wanda a yarda da shi don koyi zama wani likita a kawai 5 years. A 1909 ya karbi diploma.

Personal rai

Bayan samun digiri, kafin matasa likita ya zabi: don samun jami'a asibiti kuma sami wani zaran albashi ko da na gundumar asibiti, inda albashin sun yafi hakan. A wannan 1909 Hermann Rorschach sanar ta alkawari zuwa Olga Stempelin (tare da wata yarinya ya gana yayin da karatu a Rasha). Sun iyali bukatar kudi, don haka wannan labarin ya zaɓi gwarzo na gundumar tabin hankali asibitin. Ta kasance a Myusterlingene, a kan gaba na picturesque Lake Baden. Rorschach koma can tare da Olga.

A cikin asibitin, ciki har da 400 marasa lafiya. A likita ma'aikatan kunshi kawai mutane uku - manyan likita da biyu mataimakansa. Zamantakewa ma'aikata da kuma sakatarorin da aka ba, don haka aikinsu na mataimakansa aka jingine rassan, safe planorki da kuma kungiyar ga marasa lafiya na daban-daban ayyukan. Bayan da kisan da aikinsu na mataimakansa, a wasu free lokaci ya dauki wani tafiya a kan wani jirgin ruwan, iyo a cikin tafkin ko aikata wasu abubuwa.

Rorschach Myusterlingene ciyar a cikin shekaru hudu. Zai yiwu shi ne farin ciki da murna lokaci a cikin rayuwarsa. A 1910, ya auri Olga. A bikin aure ya faru a Geneva, a cikin Rasha Orthodox Church. Daga baya, matar ta haifi yara biyu, likita hauka.

Rorschach tawada stains

Bayan ritaya daga gundumar asibiti gwarzo wannan labarin shekaru da yawa don ya yi aiki a cikin tabin hankali kananan dakunan shan magani na Jamus da kuma Switzerland. Da ya rubuta tarihin da cutar ne matuƙa, daban-daban daga wadanda cewa cika da abokan aiki. Herman mafi warai shiga cikin jigon shafi tunanin mutum da cuta, kokarin shawo kan gazawar data kasance ayyuka.

Amma wani likita hauka ba iyakance kawai da aiki. Bincike - wannan shi ne abin da kishin duk kayayyakin lokaci, Rorschach. Yana shãfe har yanzu suna sha'awar Jamus. Gwaji da su ya fara da baya a 1911 tare da malamin Konradom Geringom. Last Rorschach yarda da wani sashe daga gwaje-gwaje a kan su dalibai. Yara ana kiran su zuwa bata da shafe takarda, ninka shi a cikin rabin, sa'an nan kuma bude da kuma bayyana a kasa abin da ba su gan shi.

littafin na ayyuka

Bincike da bincike na da sakamakon gwaje-gwajen da Herman dauki shekaru 10. Kawai a cikin 1921, ya fara wallafa littafinsa psychodiagnostic gwajin ne da nufin nazarin hali. A haƙuri yana da 10 alluna da Yana shãfe da kuma sakamakon da ya associative links bayan kallon rubuta. Daga baya, likita ya duba martani a kan wani musamman tsarin kunsha da dama Categories. Wannan aiki ya karbi sunan "Spot na Rorschach" da kuma ga dukan shigar da sunan Herman a tarihi. Hakika, yayin da akwai sauran m gwaje-gwaje a cikin hotuna, amma da dabara na da gwarzo wannan labarin ya ba da mafi m sakamakon.

Herman ne kullum aiki don inganta shi da kuma gama da tebur. Ba da da ewa, ya ce cewa su ne aka rabu amfani da jimawa shi zai gabatar da sabon zažužžukan. Abin baƙin ciki, likita hauka ba da lokacin yin haka.

mutuwa

37 shekaru - da cewa shi ne shekaru a wadda tafi a duniya sauran Rorschach Hermann. Daga abin da ya mutu 'yan sani. Kuma wannan taron ne tana tattare a cikin da yawa Legends. Don gane da halin da ake ciki, za mu takaita a yawan indisputable abubuwa game da likita hauka ta mutuwa.

Afrilu 1, 1922 Hermann Rorschach, wanda biography da aka gabatar a sama, yana cikin Herisau asibiti cikin wani mawuyacin hali. All baya makon da ya ƙwarai sha wahala daga ƙananan ciki. Doctors rika zuwa asibiti, amma ya yi sakaci da shawara da kuma tafi kawai a lokacin da shi ya zama cikakken numfashi ba. Looser ya yi nazari ya likita samu wani nauyi yaxuwa peritonitis. Rorschach yanayin da aka inoperable. A likita kokarin taimakawa Jamus, da ake ji gas magudanun hanya (gabatar roba tube a cikin rauni incision). Bayan da haƙuri da aka yi da igiyar jini jiko. Abin takaici, shi bai taimaka, da kuma rana bayan Hermann Rorschach mutu. Da zarar ya buɗe, da likitoci sun ba su iya tabbatar da ainihin dalilin mutuwar. Shi ne mai perforation na cecum, ko m kumburi.

Rorschach aka binne shi a kan Afrilu 5 a Zurich, a cikin hurumi na Nordheim. Eulogy furta psychoanalyst, firist da kuma wani tsohon abokina Herman Oskar Pfister. Ya yi magana game da Kirista hali Rorschach a gabãnin mutuwarsa, kuma ya stoic kamunkai. Har ila yau, shi ya ce Farfesa Eugen Bleuler. A likita hauka ce cewa mutuwa na Hermann ne babban rashi ga kimiyya da aikin wannan m bincike ba wanda zai iya kammala.