Hideki Tojo: biography da kuma hoto

Hideki Tojo ne daya daga cikin mafi rigima Figures a cikin tarihi na Japan. Shi ne wannan mutumin mafi girma har alhakin ayyukan da dakarun na Japan a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. Ya aka gane a matsayin wani kotun kasa da kasa a matsayin wani yaki laifi, amma duk da haka ya rage ga da yawa Japan misali ga kwaikwayo. Saboda haka wanda ya gaske da aka Todzio Hideki?

farkon shekaru

Hideki Tojo aka haife shi a watan Disamba 1884, a wani karamin gari Japan Kodzimati kusa Tokyo. Mahaifinsa, Hidenori Tojo, aiki a matsayin Laftanar Janar na sarki sojojin. Kafin haihuwar Hideki iyali riga ya'ya biyu, amma sun mutu a wani wuri shekaru kafin haihuwar nan gaba shugaban na Japan.

Ganin ƙayyadaddu mahaifinsa zama, nan gaba Hideki Tojo wani foregone ƙarshe. Ya aka aika zuwa karatu a makarantar sojoji, wanda ya sauke karatu daga cikin shekaru 19. Ya kamata a lura cewa ilimi Hideki bai haskaka, tare da 42-th sakamakon a wani aji na hamsin tsakanin da takwarorinsu. Duk da haka, bayan samun digiri, ya samu daraja da biyu leftana na dakaru.

A 1909, da bikin aure ya faru tare da Tojo Katsuk ITO.

soja aiki

Amma ya zama dole su ci gaba da ilimi ga wata nasara aiki Tojo. A 1915 ya sauke karatu daga Higher Soja Academy. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya samu daraja da kyaftin, kuma ya dauki umurnin daya daga cikin regiments na sarki ta tsare. Ya kuma halarci shiga tsakani kan Bolsheviks a Rasha Far East.

A shekara ta 1919, Hideki Tojo a matsayin soja wakilin Japan tafi Switzerland. Tare da aiki a wannan mai tsayi kasar, ya jimre da kyau, wanda ya sa aka bayar da daraja na manyan. Amma wannan waje tafiye-tafiye na gaba Firayim Ministan ba a gama ba. A 1921, ya tafi zuwa Jamus.

Bayan ya dawo zuwa mahaifarsa wasu lokaci koyar a soja kwaleji.

A gaba daraja na Laftanar Kanar Tojo samu a shekara ta 1929.

A saman soja mukamai

Kusan lokaci guda, Tojo farawa tsanani sha'awar siyasa. Ya shiga sabis a cikin War Department, kuma tun 1931, daukan kan umurnin da rajimanti na Japan a Manchuria. Wannan ya kasance daya daga cikin initiators na halittar yar tsana Jihar Manchukuo a cikin ƙasa na lardin kasar Sin.

A shekara ta 1933 ya aka ciyar da su da daraja na Manjo Janar Hideki Tojo. Japan kawai a lokacin da za a fara shirya zuwa ga wani aiki da m kasashen waje da manufofin juya dukan na kudanci da gabashin Asiya a cikin wani abu na da tasiri. Sa'an nan Tojo aka nada a matsayin shugaban ma'aikata sashen a ma'aikatar tsaron.

Tuni a 1934, ya kuma umarci wani dukan birged. A shekara, Tojo aka nada shugaban 'yan sandan ƙasar sojojin a Manchuria, da kuma a shekara daga baya ya zama umartarku da ma'aikatan da Kwantung Army.

Saka hannu cikin ayyukan soji

A daidai wannan lokaci, kasar Japan ta fara gudanar da wani m ayyukan a Mongolia. Wannan Tojo ke da alhakin manajan su. Ya aka kaina da hannu a cikin ci gaban da tsare-tsaren da kuma a cikin yãƙi. A cikin 1937 asusun da baftismar da yaƙi.

A wannan shekara, cikakken sikelin yaki ya barke tare da kasar Sin. Tojo ya jagoranci kai hari kan Hebei, wanda aka samu nasarar kammala.

Duk da haka, tuni a farkon rabin shekara ta 1938, sai aka tuna da baya zuwa kasar Japan, inda ya fara aikin ma'aikatan, shan da post na mataimakin firayim ministan kasar da sojojin da kuma a lokaci guda kasancewa wani sufeto na jirgin sama.

Ministan War

A 1940, samun nasara Syunroku Hut, ya zama Army Ministan Hideki Tojo. Biography shi sa'an nan ya dauki wani daban-daban nuna. Yanzu da ya fara shiga cikin yawan mutanen da suke tsaye kulawan Japan. Daga nan ya ra'ayi sun fi mayar ya zama dogara da ciki da kuma musamman waje siyasa Hakika na kasar.

Back a 1936, Japan da kuma Nazi Jamus kammala Anti-Comintern yarjejeniya - wani ƙawance da nufin yaki da Kwaminis International, wanda daga baya aka shiga da dama sauran kasashe, ciki har Italiya. Ministan War, Japan ya mai taimako kara fadada hadin gwiwa tare da Jamus, musamman a cikin soja Sphere. Duk da haka, wannan ba ya nufin cewa Hideki Tojo da Hitler ya m ra'ayoyi a kan cikakken rinjaye na tambayoyi. A fannoni da dama, da matsayi bambanta, amma, a wannan mataki biyu manufofin iya taimaka juna a cimma manufofin su. A 1940, wani soja alliance na Japan, Jamus da Italiya karshe kafa bayan sanya hannu na yarjejeniya Tripartite a Berlin. Saboda haka block axis aka kafa.

Duk da haka, Hideki Tojo, har kwanan nan fatan ya shiga cikin kungiyar tarayyar da kuma Tarayyar Soviet. Lokacin da Stalin ya bayyana a fili cewa ya yi niyyar ba to accede ga yarjejeniyar da Jamus da Japan da Italy a format a wadda ta wanzu, wakilin Japan ya tafi Moscow. Lalle ne, ba na karshe rawa a aika da wannan ofishin jakadancin taka leda da kuma Hideki Tojo. Kazan, Gorky, Sverdlovsk da kuma sauran birane na Tarayyar Soviet kasance a kan hanyar zuwa babban birnin kasar na Jakadan na Tarayyar Soviet. A cikin bazara na 1941, shi ya sa hannu a tsakanin yarjejeniya a kan wadanda ba ta'adi. Daga baya, a shekarar 1945, ya aka tsage baya da Tarayyar Soviet.

Japan ta shiga yakin duniya na II

A daidai da Tripartite yarjejeniya, Japan ya kamata ya shiga cikin gwagwarmayar ikon da a cikin Asia-Pacific yankin, wanda ta atomatik nufi shigarwa cikin yakin duniya na II. Babban abokin hamayyarsa na Japan sun da United States of America.

Godiya ga m ci gaba da shirin da kuma mamaki Japan iska hari a kan Amirka tushe a Pearl Harbor, da yawa daga cikin US sojojin ruwa da aka hallaka a Disamba 1941 a cikin Pacific.

Japan domin mun gwada gajeren lokaci gudanar ya cimma cikakken soja dominance a East Asia, da kuma Amurka soja ya ciyar da wani babba adadin lokacin da za a warke.

Shugaban gwamnati

Ko kafin shigarwa na Japan a cikin yakin duniya na II rasa da shahararsa da mutane da kuma amincewa da Sarkin sarakuna, firayin ministan kasar Japan Fumimaro Konoe aka tilasta ƙi a watan Oktoba 1941. Ga wurin da aka gayyace dauki Hideki Tojo. Duk da haka, ya kiyaye da post na ministan War. Bugu da kari, ya zama Ministan cikin gida.

Babu firaministan kasar Japan ba, ba kafin kuma bayan shi ba shi da wannan iko. Wannan shi ne nan gaba hanyar hasashe cewa, su ce, Hideki Tojo - fir'auna. Amma irin wannan fahimtar da dabi'u na siffa daga cikin siyasa ne fundamentally ba daidai ba. Ya gaske mayar da hankali a cikin hannãyenku da wani gagarumin adadin ikon, wanda aka cikakken barata, ba da soja halin da ake ciki, amma Tojo ba shigar da wani daya-mutumin mulki, ba ta tsoma baki a cikin aikin na cibiyoyin na ikon cewa kai tsaye shi bai taba, bai canja ba da doka da oda, kamar yadda sun yi tsayayya da Hitler da kuma Mussolini, ko da yake, idan so, da irin wannan yiwuwar.

Hakika, Martial doka zamar masa dole ya yi gaggawa matakan sarrafa harkokin siyasa matakai a cikin kasar, bayar ga ƙuntatawa na wasu hakkoki da abubuwan da yanci ya al'ummominsu. Amma irin abubuwan da ake amfani da su a Amurka da kuma a Birtaniya a lokacin, ba a ma maganar Jamus ko Tarayyar Soviet, inda hani sun kai wani kwantantuwa ikon yinsa, to Japan. A karshen yaki a Japan, akwai kawai game da dubu biyu da fursunonin siyasa, yayin da a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Jamus, da adadi shi sau ɗari mafi girma.

murabus

Nasarorin da Japan sojojin a farkon matakai na yaki da gudummawar da girma a shahararsa na firayim ministan kasar da mutane zuwa m iyaka. Amma bayan na maido da ikon da Amurka Navy ga mayẽwa daga nasarori bi ta a jerin kashi m ban sha'awa.

Babbar buga wa image Tojo ya ci Japan sojojin Midway. Bayan haka, 'yan adawa da kuma na sirri abokan adawar na firayim ministan kasar tãyar da kansa, ya kuma ya girma damunsu cikin mutane.

A watan Yuli 1944, Japan sha wahala wani shan kashi da sojojin Amurka a yakin ga tsibirin Sailau sa'an nan Tojo aka tilasta ƙi.

Fitina da kuma kisa

Amma da murabus da firaministan kasar ba fundamentally inganta Japan ta matsayi a gaban. A akasin haka, shi zai kawai worsen. Bayan da shan kashi na Nazi Jamus a cikin yakin da Japan, da Tarayyar Soviet shiga, ko da yake ya nufi wani take hakkin hadin yarjejeniyar kai a 1941. Japan karshe karya da American nukiliya harin bom na Hiroshima da kuma Nagasaki. Satumba 2, 1945 da Sarkin sarakuna na Japan sun rattaba hannu a mika wuyansu da sallama.

By misalin tare da gwaji a Nuremberg, akwai na duniya kotu kan Japan yaki laifi, ciki har da Hideki Tojo da aka jera. Ya aka zarge fara yaki tare da yawan kasashe, a take hakkin dokokin kasa da kasa da kuma laifukan yaki. A tsohon firaministan kasar da aka tilasta yarda da laifi gaba daya.

A watan Nuwamba shekarar 1948, kotun ta yanke masa hukumcin kisa Hideki Tojo. A kisa ya faru a watan Disamba na wannan shekara.

hali kima

Ya zuwa yanzu, Hideki Tojo aka gani da al'ummar kasa da kasa a matsayin wani yaki laifi da kuma babban Mafarin yaki a Asiya. Mutane da yawa Japan zarge shi a wannan aiki, wanda ya haifar da soja sha kashi da kuma lalata tattalin arzikin kasar.

Duk da haka, akwai mutane masu yin tunani da hukunci ga Hideki Tojo m. Suna jayayya cewa a cikin yanayi na Japan kõma a cikin yaki da aka makawa sabon abu, da kuma Tojo ne kawai wani mutum a cikin hukumar kasar wuya lokaci da kuma tilasta yin yanke shawara bisa ga hali. A cewar wadannan mutane, a cikin laifuffukan yaki da gaske yarda da Japan sojojin, Tojo ma'aikata ba shiga, kuma ba da izni su.

A wani taron, abin da real rawar da Firaministan kasar a cikin abubuwan da suka faru wadanda shekaru, a cikin alluna na Japan tarihi har abada rubũtacce sunan Hideki Tojo. Hotuna da wannan siyasa adadi za a iya gani a sama.