Kharkov keke factory - tarihi, kayayyakin da ban sha'awa facts

Kharkov keke factory aka kafa ta Rasha yan kasuwa game da 130 da suka wuce. Kafin juyin juya hali, da factory kekuna da aka kira "Rasha", ya sayi soja sashen ga sojojin, da kuma kamfanin ya gabatar da m fasaha, yin saiti zuwa fi Turai da takwarorinsu cewa nasara a lokuta da dama. A Soviet sau, cikin mafarki na duk cyclists da keke alama "Ukraine". Yau da shuka samar zamani kekuna samfurin.

Riga bidi'a

Kharkov keke factory fãra daga cikin sau na Tsarist Rasha. A 1889, da Rasha, m A. A. Leytner bude wani kananan ma'aikata don samar da wani sabon, cikin sauri ya zama wata gaye fasaha a Riga - wani bike. Da farko, da ma'aikatan kunshi kawai ma'aikata uku da mai da kansa, bar fitar da kekuna "gizogizo" type. A hankali, da samar da ya ɓullo. Leitner ta abin yabo ta'allaka ne da cewa a matsayin gaskiya kasuwa, ya nemi samar da mai saye tare da samfurori mafi kyau da kuma ya san da yawa game da shi.

Alexander Leitner wani mutum da girma halaye na kasuwa da kuma ilimi zane injiniya. A matsayin memba na Board of Riga keke al'umma, ya ziyarci nune-nunen a kasashe daban-daban na duniya da kuma bi novelties a keke kasuwar. Fashion samun lokacinta don wani sabon nau'in kai: maye gurbin amfani da tsauraran matakan "gizogizo" ya zo da model type "Safed". Na dogon lokaci, kayayyakin da ake rarraba ba fãce a cikin 'yan larduna, m ga samar, wanda ya riga ya yi da kansa sunan - "Rasha".

A 1896, da ma'aikata daukan bangare a All-Russian nuni da cewa ya faru a Nizhny Novgorod. Tsaya tare da Leitner kayayyakin, kunsha na goma sha biyu model na kekuna, wani laifin nasara. A wannan lokaci, da samar da ya saki 15 lakabi da hanya da kuma racing kekuna. Mr. Leitner samu lambar yabo a gasar a nuni, wanda ya zama ãyã daga fitarwa, da kuma taimaka wajen kawo kayayyakin zuwa matakin kasa.

soja domin

By farkon karni na 20th da factory "Rasha" bayar Ladies, maza, hanya, manyan motoci, yara, jummai kekuna. A dukan zangon kunshi fiye da 20 model. Farashin da manufofin da aka demokra] iyya, saboda mafi arha bike kudin 130 rubles, Multi-wurin zama model aka kiyasta ya zama da daraja a kusa da 450 rubles. Leitner kansa gabatar sababbin abubuwa a baya na hannun riga da zane da kuma jadadda mallaka da sabuwar dabara, wanda ya kasance mai nasara, da samar da kekunan m high m abũbuwan amfãni a duniya kasuwar.

Soja sashen Tsarist Rasha ne m zuwa novelties, da kuma a 1913 da factory samu wani domin nuna 1 dubu maza hanya bike. Irin wannan umarni, da Mun ɗaukakã da rating kamfanin zuwa matakin qarshe, wanda gaskiya ma shafi adadin sauran ma'aikata umarni. Kamfanin na shekara-shekara yawa ya kai 400 dubu rubles, kuma ya ce fitarwa adadi na 8000 raka'a a kowace shekara.

Daga Riga zuwa Kharkov

A 1915, da gaban line wuce kusa Riga, bukata da fitarwa na Enterprises da dabarun muhimmancin. Yuli 24, 1915, duk da samar da wuraren da aka canjawa wuri zuwa Kharkov, a cikin gabatarwa na tsohon factory Gelferiks Sad. A cikin sabon wuri a cikin 1916, kamfanin ya fara samar da soja nadawa bike "Dux yaƙi." A cewar kamfanin zuwa ya sanya hannu a kwangila to ship soja sashen 3000 soja bike.

Har Nuwamba 1917 da factory Leitner aika zuwa gaban 3,600 fama model. A cikin dukan tarihin wanzuwar wani samar line samar da fiye da 100,000 kekuna, ɓullo fiye da 60 model. A dukiya da pre-neman sauyi tarihi na kamfanin ne samar da farko babura, tricycles da kuma 'yan iri motoci.

bayan juyin juya hali

Bayan juyin juya halin da kuma yaki fatattakakkun kasa bukatar kai. Kamar yadda ya juya waje, da bike - cika madaidaci. By farkon na farko Duniya a Rasha, akwai biyu manyan bike manufacturer - Moscow factory "Dux", a lokacin yaki redeveloped ya nuna jirgin sama, da kuma factory Leitner, prudently kwashe zuwa Kharkov. A pre-neman sauyi sau da shi da aka bayar game da 25,000 kekuna a shekara a Rasha.

A shekarar 1923 da Kharkov keke factory, yanzu ya da wani mai suna Leitner, tare da wahala, saki kawai 'yan dubu motoci a kowace shekara. A birnin hukumomi sun yanke shawarar inganta samar iya aiki da kuma shirya keke Jihar Shuka mai suna bayan GI Petrovsky. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na zamani na samar da matakai na ikon da aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga sabon shuka, wadda ta zo up wani reshe na railway. A duka yankin maida hankali ne akan fiye da 3 kadada.

By farkon na sabuntawa na shuka a jihar shi game da 50 gogaggen ma'aikata, wanda ya dũkiyar m gwaninta. ainihin tsarin da malamai da aka kafa daga gare su, marinjãya ne da kuma malamai da suke koyar da su sabon shiga aiki a kan wadanda ba misali-rate kayan aiki. A 1924 da Kharkov keke factory gama da shekara samar da fiye da 1 dubu kekuna.

Karuwa a samar da kudaden

Akwai wata magana - "Larura ne mahaifiyar sabuwar dabara," wanda gaba daya ya sami tabbaci a hakikanin rai. A fatattakakkun kasa ba su da wani na'urorin haɗi a gare kekuna batun, amma akwai da yawa shuke-shuke da unclaimed kaya. By sauki gani da adaptations master shuka fara amfani da harshen Turanci maimakon Frames Cossack kololuwa, hauhawar a kan ƙasa wata makwabta shuka tun yakin duniya na farko.

By 1926, da sayan waje-sanya aka gyara da aka kafa. Daga Ingila ta sallami karfe sumul shambura, keke, sarƙoƙi da belts bakuna sanyi, sunadarai da kayayyaki. Sashe na daga cikin bukata kayan shigo da daga Jamus.

A isasshen adadin high-sa kayan da kuma samar da hawan keke a yarda da su saki na farko na aikin bike da kansa samar, mai suna "Ukraine". Har 1927 da Kharkov keke factory a kan tsohon kayan aiki da ya bayar da kusan dubu 12 kekuna na wannan model.

fitarwa

Kharkov keke factory ya batun zamani a shekara ta 1929, wanda sanya shi yiwuwa a Master da samar da ingantaccen model da kuma kara da shekara-shekara fitarwa na gama kayayyakin. Har 1941, kamfanin samar game da miliyan 1 kekuna. Tun da farkon tashin shuka gaggauta kwashe wa Buhari, inda da dama makonni da aka mayar da samar da sake zagayowar, mayar da hankali a kan fitarwa ga gaban.

Tare da m canji na halin da ake ciki a gaban shi ya bayyana cewa hawan keke Kharkov shuka aka koma zuwa Ukraine. A cikin fall na 1944 shi ne ya fara aiwatar da sake-fitarwa, kamar yadda a farkon lokacin da farkon shekara ta gaba, kamfanin sake kafa samar da fasaha don soja dalilai. A watan Yuni na shekarar 1945, da shuka fara samar da gwamnatin farar hula kayayyakin - kekuna.

dawo da

A post-yaki shekaru kawo kamfanin m ci gaba. Products na Kharkov keke factory ya a bukatar duk a kan Tarayyar Soviet. A shekara ta 1948 da layin da aka aza domin samar da mata da kuma yara model. A sabon samfurori da ma'aikata na zane Ofishin shuka: talented injiniyoyi da kuma masu gyara. Kamar yadda tsare-tsaren, da shuka da ƙarshen zamani ya samar da 350.000 raka'a a kowace shekara.

Kamfanin ya yi girma, sabon shagunan sun bayyana, ta ƙara sandarka. A kan ci gaban samar a 1948 da kamfanin da aka kasaftawa miliyan uku rubles. Part wannan kudi da aka nufi ga gina gidaje ga ma'aikatan. Kamfanin aiki a uku canjawa. A shekarar 1949 wani model aka ɓullo da wasanni keke B-31 a wannan gudun, baya kyautata zuwa biyu gudu.

Kekuna Kharkov keke factory a 1950, ta dauki bangare a duniya gasa, ba samar da gwaggwabar riba da fasaha da kuma ingancin halaye na waje analogues. A shekara ta 1948 ya fara fadada samar da yankunan da maimaitawa na kamfanin. A da sama-da shirin samar da zama dole kayan aiki zuwa 10.340 raka'a.

Da yawa da hankali da aka biya zuwa zamantakewa Sphere. Tare da fadada daga cikin factory sarari gina gidaje, zamantakewa da wuraren - canteens, hutu cibiyoyin, dakunan karatu, yara kulake sun fara aiki kerawa da kuma wasanni clubs.

Yunƙurin da sake fasalin kudin

A cikin tsakiyar seventies da shuka samar da wani m kewayon kayayyakin, ciki har da wasanni, da yara, da tafiya, da sauran model. A duka fitarwa ya kai 800 dubu kekuna a shekara. HVZ ne kawai na musamman kamfanin a cikin kasar, inda batun da aka yi yaƙi legkodorozhnyh da wasanni kekuna na babban aji da kuma inganci.

A shekarar 1979, a lokacin da gasar wasannin Olympics a birnin Moscow, a Kharkov keke factory mu ɓullo da wani musamman model ga waɗanda shekara wasanni kekuna - "Moscow-80" da kuma NW "karauka Champion". wasanni bike frame ake yi na carbon fiber, kuma suna da wani m zane bayani. Abin baƙin ciki, da model ba gaba daya shirye domin gasar wasannin Olympics, da kuma aikin ba a ci gaba.

A shekarar 1983, taron layi na Kharkiv Motovelo tafi 23-milyan mota. A farkon nineties a duk duniyoyin na samar da ya zo da hutu-up na huldar cinikaiya da kuma dakushe fitarwa. HVZ kudi yanayin da aka muhimmanci gurgunta. A shekarar 1991, kamfanin CHPTF "UCI" ya zama wata babbar m na Kharkov keke factory.

Tun 2001, da samar da damar gina up, kumbura layi na bike model. Part na samarwa da aka samar a karkashin "Water" alamar kasuwanci. Yau, kamfanin ya haifar da dila networks a Ukraine da kuma a Rasha.

kayayyakin

Kekuna HVZ (Kharkov keke factory) dadin mai girma shahararsa a ko'ina cikin tarayyar Soviet. Mutane da yawa model sun zama almara, mashahuri ga inganci da sauƙi na gyara. Boys a ko'ina cikin kasar koyi hau su, kuma Mastering injiniya basira tare da kekuna "Ukraine".

The rare model HVZ:

• "Ukraine". A mafi m keke, makãmashi, ya samu babban adadin gyare-gyare. Classic samfurori da aka yi a namiji da mace embodiment, kuma daidai da ya tafi a kan kwalta, da ƙura kuma hanyoyi. Model "Ukraine Lux» bambanta daga gargajiya gaban bakuna na aluminum gami. Comfort samar da dogon tafiya sanda, karusa taro da kuma gaban birki. A tsarin da aka samar da al'ada saman mashaya da kuma saukar da, shi ne bayar da wani fili da kaya daki bude yatsun mika da footrest.
• "Tourist". Har ila yau, na almara model na bike. Daga "Ukraine" daban-daban Lite nauyi, kunkuntar tayoyin da hudu selectable gudu. Hannun birki a cikin na asali sanyi yana da raya da kuma gaban actuators. A zamani high-gudun model frame sanya daga karfe yi - welded. Kayayyakin gyara keke kerarre da Ventura. Its farashin ne low, da kuma AMINCI ya wuce da yawa sanannun model.
• "Tourist Fara-gwadabe" - tsara don kwararru, amma yana da sauki koyi da yan koyo. A siffa daga cikin model shi ne karamin nauyi na firam sanya daga bakin karfe, kawai 2.2 kilo. A bike da aka sanye take da biyu giya a kan raya dabaran, da kuma biyar a gaban. Ta'aziyya da kuma kariya bayar Caliper birki, frame wurin zama da kuma karfafa feda.
• "Sport". Bicycling daban-daban total taro na 14.5 kg, a karfe gaban cokali mai yatsu tsarin na takwas watsa da kuma waje dabaran. A tsarin da aka samar a cikin shekaru 70 da ya Popular tare da mai son 'yan wasa.
• "Record" - Track model, yin la'akari 8.5 kg ga masu sana'a racers.
• "Sputnik" - wani model na keke, aiki yawon bude ido fi so. Akayi nufi don dogon bike a cikin birni, da kuma a kan datti hanyoyi. Halin da ya karu ta'aziyya da kuma tasiri juriya.

Kusan 130 shekaru tasowa da Kharkov keke factory. Company Stores sha'anin yau za a iya samu a wasu birane na Ukraine. The kudin ga masu amfani Ukrainian farawa daga 2400 hryvnia.

Mashahuri domin ingancin kayayyakin Kharkov keke factory. Prices for Rasha a yanzu mataki an kafa ta zaman kansa sayarwa. Za su iya saya da bike ga farashin 10 dubu zuwa 45 dubu rubles. Kamfanin ya ci gaba da neman damar fadada cibiyar sadarwa da kuma bude na dauke Stores a Rasha.

Dokar ta baci a shuka

A foreseeable tarihi HVZ ƙone sau biyu - a shekarar 2009 da kuma 2017. A watan Maris na 2009, wata wuta cike 150 murabba'in mita. mita bene sarari, gaba daya kone fitar da daya daga cikin shagunan. A wuta ya faru a tsakiyar rana, an ba ya canzawa. A sabili m lantarki wayoyi da aka kira wani hatsari halin da ake ciki. A wannan dokar ta baci ya sha fama da paintshop Kharkov keke factory. The wuta da aka shãfe haskensu sabis na ma'aikatar gaggawa yanayi na Ukraine.

Na biyu wuta ya faru ya faru Maris 30, 2017. A shuka ƙone uku-labarin taron zauren. Kwararru, wanda ya zo bice, da aka bai da wani biyu wuta hadari matakin. Daga carbon monoxide guba sha wahala daya daga cikin mazauna garin na Kharkiv.

adireshin

Kamfanin wanda ke da hedkwatarsa a - Diesel Street, Gina 3/5.

Shuka a Kharkov aka located a kan Moskovsky Prospect a cikin tsarin 118.

A sha'anin, ban da babban kayayyakin samar da manyan kewayon mabukaci kaya - handcarts, sledges, kayayyakin gyara ga kekunan.

A shafin za ka iya saya kekuna Kharkov keke factory: kamfanin kantin sayar da aka located kusa da babban aikace-aikace.