Kuril Lake a Kamchatka: description, halaye, da yanayi, Flora da fauna

Daga cikin da yawa tafkunan da cewa yawaita a wannan duniya tamu, musamman tsaye a waje domin ta ruwan tekun Atlantika kyau na Kuril Lake. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin babban halitta fasali na Kamchatka Abuja, wanda shi ne da muhimmanci ga ilimi da kuma fahimi ayyuka.

description

Kuril Lake ne na biyu mafi girma na duk ruwa tare da jikin dake a cikin ƙasa na Kamchatka. An yanki na 77 murabba'in kilomita, kuma mafi girma zurfin ne 306 mita. Yana cike da lake saboda da yawa kõguna da dutsen ƙõramu sunã gudãna a cikin shi daga kewaye tuddai. Ƙari na ruwa ne saboda ruwan sama da kuma dusar ƙanƙara. A mafi ruwa matakin lura a Yuni, mafi ƙasƙanci - a watan Afrilu. Its talakawan zafin jiki jeri daga 7,8 zuwa 10,6 ° C.

Daya daga cikin gaba na Lake qawatawa Ilyinsky aman wuta mazugi, yayin da kishiyar ne Kambalny. Weather yanayi a wannan yanayi zone ba za a dauke m. Suna halin rashin zaman lafiya. Narke tare snowfall, ana maye gurbinsu da sanyi, a lokacin da zazzabi saukad da zuwa 20 digiri kasa sifili. Popular sau da yawa lura a cikin kusanci da lake ta tsananin iska, gudun wanda ya kai fiye da mita 30 da biyu.

Ina Lake Kuril

Duk da sunan da wannan picturesque lake ba a cikin Kuriles. An located a kudancin ɓangare na Kamchatka Larabawa, ƙasashen wanda kasance a cikin ta Kudu Kamchatka Tarayya kiyaye. The lake aka kafa a cikin kwari na wani dadadden aman wuta, da tsawo saman teku matakin - 104 mita. Shi ya ta'allaka ne a cikin daji m Coast da kuma bushes, don haka ba za ka iya kaiwa gare shi ba kawai ta hanyar saukar ungulu.

asalin

A cewar masana, wannan na musamman jiki na ruwa da aka kafa fiye da 8000 da suka wuce. Asalin da Kurile Lake an haɗa tare da wani kyakkyawan labari wanda ya gaya mana cewa wannan wuri ya tsaya a gaban wani falalen dũtse, rufe fitar rãnã zuwa ga mafi kusa makwabta duwãtsu. Wannan ya kai ga wani jayayya da fushi a kan nasu. A sakamakon haka, da mafi dutsen, gaji da fitina, ya shiga cikin teku. Kuma a wurinsa akwai wani lake.

Ainihin dalilin da samuwar wannan musamman jiki na ruwa masana kimiyya sun samu. Iko volcanic shigowa da cewa ya faru a kan wannan shafin a cikin Holocene epoch, fatattakakkun volcanic subsoil da kuma kafa wani kwari wanda zurfin ya wuce 300 mita. A hankali, a kan miliyoyin shekaru da wannan caldera cika da ruwa, da kuma kafa Kuril lake tectonic asalin aka tabbatar pumice adibas na zuwa 150 mita lokacin farin ciki.

Features da kuma jan hankali

A musamman sabon abu a cikin Kuril Lake - An spawning sockeye kifi, wanda yana daga Afrilu-May har da Oktoba. The kawai kogin sunã gudãna gangarawa kan wanda matsawa cirewa most a Eurasia kifi garke, a zahiri jiha tare da kifi. Wani lokaci a tafkin zo har zuwa shida da miliyan kera. Duk wannan janyo hankalin masu yawa ruwan kasa bears. Don kauce wa juna a karkashin al'ada yanayi, su ne don haka m game da kama kifi, wanda ba a kula da wannan batu a cikin dangi. A wuri guda iya idi a kifi har zuwa 20 bears a lokaci guda.

Nature kusa da Kuril lake ne dama. Kazalika da yawa tabkuna na Kuril Islands, Sakhalin da Kamchatka, shi janyo hankalin tare da kyau da yawa yawon bude ido. A real dutse mai daraja na mai inganci Ilyinsky aman wuta, wanda tsayinsa ne 1578 mita. Musamman lura da siffar a cikin wani nau'i na yau da kullum da mazugi, kazalika da matasa lawa gudana cewa sauka kai tsaye a cikin lake.

Babban koguna

The lake empties cikin da dama karami koguna. Daga cikin su Etamynk (18 km), Hakytsyn (24 km) da kuma Kirushtuk da Vychenkiya. Ruwa ne musamman bayyanannu, kuma m, a waɗannan kõguna sunã gudãna a matsayin daga dutsen marẽmari kafa ta narkewa snows. A lokacin spawning sockeye kifi a bakin faruwa kama kifi bear da kwiyakwiyanta. Adult maza suna kama kifi kawai cirewa daga inda tashar narrower. A kan bankunan na ƙõramu sunã gudãna a cikin Kuril Lake, located m da impenetrable gandun daji thickets. Za ka iya kawai motsa a kan bearish en.

Fãra daga cikin Kurile Lake daukan kawai kogin, da ake kira - gangarawa, wanda gudana a cikin teku na Okhotsk. Its tsawon ne 62 km, wani nisa kusa da bakin iya isa zuwa mita 100. A Lake District ne kullum saba Grayling, Kuja, Arctic char, tara-spined stickleback, spawning chum, ruwan hoda, sockeye, coho. A kogin na samar da 18 aikin gandu.

kayan duniya

Flora na Kudu Kamchatka masallãci, wanda aka located Kuril Lake, kawai na musamman. A kan tudu tsayi a matsayin mutumin falalen ferns. Ya wallafa a heady kamshi, daga abin da jiri. Ga akwai 380 jinsuna daban na shuke-shuke. Wasu daga cikin su suna samuwa ne kawai a wannan yankin. The lake tasa ne shagaltar da manyan yankunan da sparsely overgrown dutse Birch, a hade tare da Kamchatka ciyawa. Akwai ma alder, Willow, itacen al'ul.

dabba duniya

M Garkunan ja kifi, tanã fita a lokacin spawning a cikin tafkin tafarkin da take dauke da shi a cikin kewaye gaba. By karshen lokacin rani, za su ɗari biyu. Bears - real gourmets. A kifi ne kawai sha'awar su qwai. Gutted saurã suka jefa dama a kan rairayin bakin teku. Su nan take tattara a laɓe domin su nuna Foxes. Red mai cuta kansu ba dame farauta. Sun san cewa su haƙuri za a sãka.

Babbar yawan ruwan kasa bear yawan kawaici a yankin inda aka located Kuril Lake. Kamchatka - wani wuri inda za ka iya jin free kiyaye waɗannan dabbobi. A karkashin kariya da ajiye, da take dauke da shi ne sosai tawakkali da kuma babu albarkacin jin tsoron mutum ba. Duk da haka, masu yawon shakatawa suna ba a yarda ya kusance su.

The most mallaka na gulls yi kawaici a cikin Pacific Islands, dake a cikin cibiyar na Kurile Lake. Its yawan kai 2.5 dubu nau'i-nau'i. Kusa da hunturu a nan garken tsuntsaye masu cin nama - Steller ta teku mikiya, da fari-tailed mikiya, da gaggafa zinariya. A ruwa-ruwa surface-misãlin hunturu whooper Swans, ducks. Domin duk waɗannan tsuntsaye ne babban abinci sockeye kifi da kuma ta Roe.

tsibiran

A shigowa na aman wuta, wanda ake dangantawa da asalin da Kurile Lake Basin, da gudummawar da samuwar dama tsibiran cewa ado da ruwa surface yau. Sunayen wasu daga cikinsu suna da dangantaka da Legends. Saboda haka, m tsibirin Zuciya Alaid located a kudancin ɓangare na lake, akwai, bisa labari, bayan da aka tura a cikin tẽku, babban dutse lake bar zuciyata. Sawu bar bisa dutsen, daga baya ya zama Lake District gado na kogin.

Daga wani yanki ra'ayi Alaid Zuciya, kazalika da sauran tsibiran Kurile Lake (Low Chayachy tarin tsiburai Samang) ne na volcanic asalin. Su domes halitta daga lawa, kai wani tsawo na 300 mita. A arewacin tsibirin kafin ma kira Alaid (a madadin na aman wuta located a kan shi), sa'an nan aka sake masa suna tsibirin Atlasova. Alaid aman wuta - mafi aiki a cikin tarin tsiburai, ta karshe shigowa da aka rubuta a shekarar 1996. Wannan ne mafi girman aya daga cikin Kuril sarkar, saman aman wuta ne ayi a tsawon 2339 mita.

Zuciya Alaid da Chayachy - tsibirin, wanda ya sa da inaccessibility na wadannan wurare dace da kiwon waddan gull kajin. Amma a matsayin abinci a cikin tafkin ne ba ko da yaushe isa, za ka iya sau da yawa kalla hoto a lokacin da wani tsuntsun seagull tashi 40 km zuwa Okhotsk Sea. Akwai, kifi aiki shuka, da suke mãsu kamfata sharar kifi samar da dawo, belching kawo rabin-narkewar abinci a cikin beaks na kajin.

maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi

Wannan shi ne wani daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali na Kuril Lake. Sources suna located a kan rairayin bakin teku a dumi bay, wanda aka kafa ta hanyar sauko daga volcanic lawa gudana. Suna wakiltar wani kananan digon ruwa daga 35-45⁰S zazzabi.

Kuril Lake - a hakikanin halitta abin tunawa. Kudu Kamchatka namun dajin adana a wanda ƙasa da shi da aka located, da aka jera a matsayin World Halitta da Al'adu Heritage.