Macaroni penguin - mafi m wakilin iyalinsa

Macaroni penguin an dauki daya daga cikin mafi m mambobi na iyali. Its sabon abu bayyanar ya dogon ja hankalin masu bincike da kuma naturalists, arfafa su su nemi guda tambaya: "Abin da ya kai ga irin wannan maye gurbi?". Alas, abin dogara amsar, ba tukuna. Amma da yawa lura sanya shi yiwuwa a sami wani, daidai m, bayanai.

Macaroni penguins: bayanin da irin

A karo na farko da wannan tsuntsu da aka bayyana ta da Jamusanci halittu Johann Friedrich von Willy Brandt a 1837. Sa'an nan macaroni, kuma Kudancin Rockhopper Penguin aka kira a matsayin wanda kuma wannan tunani, ta haifa da sunan Eudyptes. Daga baya shi gyara saboda wasu Finds an sanya, kyale ga dukan hoto.

Yau, macaroni penguins ciki mai raba jinsunan. A cewar kwayoyin karatu, makusantan zumunta ne sarauta penguin. A farko maye gurbi cewa rabu da wadannan tsuntsaye, akwai kimanin miliyan 1.5. Shekaru da suka wuce. Bayan haka, da iri tafi nasu hanya, don haka da cewa su bayyanar da ya canja da cika fuska.

yankin

Macaroni penguins zauna kusan dukan Antarctic ƙasa. Ya fi so wuri da aka dauke su tsibiran a cikin subantarctic bel. A togiya ne manyan snow-rufe filayen, ƙuntata samun ruwa.

A mafi yawa mazauna aka gani a Falkland Islands da Kirkwall Islands, ta Kudu na Chile da Antarctic Larabawa. Har ila yau, masana kimiyya da m data cewa macaroni penguins settles a kudancin Australia, New Zealand, Afirka da kuma ko da Brazil. Ko da yake akwai mallaka na sosai m.

Idan muka magana game da mazauninsu, da macaroni penguins ayan shirya a snow-rufe ko m gaba. A wannan yanayin, son da aka bai wa karshe, saboda daga cikinsu akwai sauki boye daga halitta makiya.

bayyanar

Macaroni penguins - mai kyawawan babban tsuntsu. A kan talakawan, shi ke tsiro zuwa 70 cm a tsawo, da maza dan kadan ya fi girma fiye mace. Abin mamaki, penguin nauyi dabam dangane da lokaci na shekara. Kafin farkon kiwo kakar, da tsuntsaye rasa nauyi - a wancan lokacin, suka auna kadan fiye da 3 kg. Kamar yadda suke samun mazan da chick, penguins sake fara kara haja mai. Saboda haka, kafin moult suka auna game 6 kg, wanda shi ne guda biyu sau fiye da na farko manufa.

A baya, wannan nau'in ba a banza da aka kira "Southern Rockhopper Penguin." A dalilin rawaya tuft located kawai sama da ido na dabba. Wannan shi ne daya hallmark cewa bambanta macaroni penguins daga sauran wakilan wannan iyali. A baki tsuntsu kamar yadda dũkan: a manyan, orange-kasa-kasa, dan kadan lankwasa saukar, kamar kambori.

Sauran macaroni penguin - hankula wakilin irinsu. Mafi yawa daga cikin jiki ne fentin a baki ko duhu blue. A ciki da kuma gaban wuyansa ne fari. Kafafu da kuma fata ƙarƙashin fikafikan kodadde ruwan hoda, wani lokacin orange.

Mazauninsu da halaye

Macaroni penguins rayuwa a cikin sararin mazauna. Masana kimiyya sun} iyasta cewa daya irin wannan "iyali" a hada domin na 1-2 miliyan tsuntsaye. Saboda wannan, da dabbobi suna tilasta su ɓatar da a manyan kungiyoyi, domin shige a cikin ƙasar. High yawa take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa mallaka fara fitowa bad wari rududdugaggu kifi, da taki, wanda zai iya sansana dogon kafin su gani ganewa.

Bugu da kari, irin wannan kusa co-zama ya kai ga cewa macaroni penguins ɓullo da wani sararin jiki harshe da kuma kuka. Yana taimaka musu a duk fannoni na zaman jama'a dangantaka. Alal misali, a lokacin da ma'abota kakar, namiji nã kiran su da shi wakilan da akasin jima'i musamman song. Kuma idan ya gani wani m mace, daga gare su, sa'an nan nan da nan za a fara zuwa ruku'u a gaban ta, kamar yadda idan yin wani m al'ada.

rabon abinci

Penguin - tsuntsu na ganima. Ba kasancewa iya tashi, ta gudanar da farauta a karkashin ruwa. A daidai wannan lokaci da ta aikata shi sosai da basira. Adult Penguin iya nutse har zuwa zurfin 70 mita, rike da numfashin karkashin ruwa har zuwa 2-3 minti. Kafin ruwa tsuntsaye hadiye kananan duwatsu, wanda muhimmanci ƙara da nauyi, haka wasa da muhimmancin da wasu ballast.

Hakar na macaroni penguins iya zama kananan kifi, squid da crustaceans. Duk da haka, a lokacin da ta je lokaci zuwa shãyar da mãma da jariri, da suka je a kan plankton da kananan mollusks. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kajin suna talauci narkewar a manyan gari, sabili da haka bukatar musamman "yara abinci».

Maqiyan macaroni penguins: na halitta da kuma samu

Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa macaroni penguins da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi. A gaskiya shi ne ba. Irin m saboda gaskiyar cewa World muhalli Union ya ranked macaroni penguins zuwa na musamman category na "m jinsunan". Wannan yana nufin cewa jinsunan ba a hatsarin karewa ba, amma akwai iya zama a nan gaba.

Dalilin wannan shi ne tabarbarewar yanayi da dumamar yanayi. Saboda su, da adadin ƙasar dace da nesting penguins da aka ragewa a kowace shekara. Amma ga halitta makiya na tsuntsaye, da tasiri a kan yawan ne kadan. Ko kisa Whales da like da ikon kashe wani yawan penguins, wanda zai iya tasiri ra'ayoyi a general.