Otto Bismarck: takaice dai biography, ayyuka, da quotes. Ban sha'awa facts game Otto von Bismarck

Otto Bismarck - daya daga cikin shahararrun 'yan siyasa na karni na 19th. Ya yi wani gagarumin tasiri a rayuwar siyasa a Turai, ya ɓullo da wani tsaro tsarin. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a kawo Jamus mutane a cikin al'umma guda-jiha. Ya aka bayar da kyaututtuka da kuma a jam'i na lakabi. Daga baya masana tarihi da kuma 'yan siyasa ne daban-daban kimomi na biyu Reich, wanda Ya halitta Otto von Bismarck. Biography Chancellor ne har yanzu a sa tuntuɓe tsakanin wakilan daban-daban na siyasa trends. A wannan labarin, za mu duba a shi more a hankali.

Otto von Bismarck: a takaice biography. yara

Otto aka haife kan Afrilu 1, 1815, a Pomerania. 'Yan iyalinsa suka cadets. Su ne zuriyar na da Knights da suka karbi ƙasar domin sabis da Sarki. Bismarck da karamin dukiya da kuma shagaltar da daban-daban da sojoji da kuma farar hula mukamai a nomenclature na Prussia. By da matsayin da Jamus nobility na karni na 19th da iyali mallaki suna fadin albarkatun.

Sun Otto aka aika zuwa Plamana makaranta inda ƴan zafin nauyi motsa jiki. Tsohuwarsa mabiyin Katolika da kuma so da dan da aka kawo a cikin m norms na conservatism. By Otto yaro shekaru ya canjawa wuri zuwa makaranta. Akwai ya ba kafa kansa a matsayin wani m dalibi. Zan iya ba fariya nasara a da karatu. Amma a lokaci guda mai yawa karatu da sha'awar siyasa da tarihi. Karatu musamman da tsarin siyasa na Rasha da kuma Faransa. Ko ya koya Faransa. A shekaru 15, Bismarck yanke shawarar da ya yi shirki da kansu tare da siyasa. Amma uwar, wanda ya kai na iyali, ya nace a kan koyarwa a Göttingen. Kamar yadda shugabanci da aka zaba dokar da fikihu. Sun Otto ya zama jami'in diflomasiyyar Prussia.

The hali na Bismarck a Hanover, inda da horo ya faru, shi ne almara. Tafiyar da dama bai yarda ba, saboda haka, fĩfĩta horo daji rayuwa. Kamar dukan Elite matasa, ya frequented nisha da kuma fara mai yawa abokai daga cikin nobility. Sai a wannan lokaci bayyana zafin nan gaba kansila. Ya sau da yawa arangama da rigingimu, wadda fi son a warware duel. Bisa ga jami'a abokai, kawai 'yan shekaru a Göttingen Otto halarci 27 duels. Kamar yadda žwažwalwar ajiya na m matasa domin rayuwa da wani tabo a kan kunci bayan da daya daga cikin wadannan abubuwan.

Kula, a Jami'ar

Luxury rai gefe da gefe da yara na aristocrats da 'yan siyasa ba zai iya ba da mun gwada fadin Bismarck iyali. A m hallara a debacles sa matsalolin da dokar da kuma jami'a gwamnati. Saboda haka, ba su kuwa sami diploma, Otto tafi Berlin, inda ya shiga jam'iyyar a wani jami'a. Wanda ya sauke karatu a shekarar daga baya. Sai na yanke shawarar bi uwa tasa ta da shawara da kuma zama wani jami'in diflomasiyyar. Kowane adadi yayin da da'awar da ministan harkokin wajen kasar. Bayan nazarin yanayin da Bismarck, da kuma koyi game da matsalolin da dokar a Hanover, ya ƙi matasa masu digiri a cikin aikin.

Bayan rushewar da fatan na zama jami'in diflomasiyyar Otto aiki a Annchen, wanda ya mamaye a kananan kungiya al'amurran da suka shafi. Bisa ga memoirs na Bismarck, da aikin ba ya bukatar yawa kokarin daga gare shi, kuma ya iya ya kebe kansa don kai-ci gaba da kuma hutu. Amma a wani sabon wuri a nan gaba Chancellor bayyana matsalolin da dokar, don haka da cewa a cikin 'yan shekaru, da ya rubuta zuwa ga sojojin. Soja aiki dade ba. A shekara daga baya, mahaifiyarta mutu daga Bismarck, kuma ya aka tilasta komawa zuwa Pomerania, inda su iyali estate.

A Pomerania Otto fuskantar wani yawan matsaloli. Wannan ne ainihin gwajin a gare shi. manyan Estate management bukatar mai yawa kokarin. Saboda haka Bismarck yana ba har su dalibi halaye. Godiya ga nasara aiki ya ƙwarai kiwata matsayi na Estate da kuma kara da samun kudin shiga. Na serene yãro, sai ya jũya a cikin wani daraja yar jam'iyyar kadet. Duk da haka fushi ya ci gaba da tunatar da kanka. Makwabta kira Otto "mahaukaci".

A 'yan shekaru daga Berlin zo yar'uwarsa Bismarka Malvina. Tare da shi, shi ne sosai motsi kusa view of su muradun da kuma ra'ayoyi kan rayuwa. Kusan lokaci guda, shi ne zama wani nuna jin Lutheran da kuma karanta Littafi Mai Tsarki kowace rana. Za alkawari da nan gaba kansila Johanna Puttkamer.

A farkon na hanyar siyasa

A cikin 40s na karni na 19th a Prussia fara wani m ikon gwagwarmaya tsakanin masu sassaucin ra'ayi da kuma Conservatives. Domin danniya taimako Kayzer Fridrih Vilgelm kira Diet. Zabe da aka gudanar a gida da gwamnatoci. Otto yanke shawarar da ya tafi ya shiga harkokin siyasa da kuma effortlessly zama mataimakin. Daga farko kwanaki a cikin Landtag, Bismarck ne samun martabar. Jaridu ya rubuta game da shi a matsayin "mahaukaci Junkers na Pomerania." Ya yi magana quite sharply a kan sassaucin ra'ayi. Na dukan articles mummunar sharhi Georga Finke. Jawabansa ne quite ma'ana da kuma yin ishãra, don haka da cewa Bismarck aka azumi ya zama wani gagarumin adadi a sansanin Conservatives.

damun masu sassaucin ra'ayi

A wancan lokaci, wani tsanani rikicin da aka Brewing a kasar. A jihohi dake makwabtaka da ya auku juyin jere. Wahayi zuwa gare ta ta Musulmai masu sassaucin ra'ayi suna aiki farfaganda daga cikin aiki da matalauta da Jamusanci yawan jama'a. Akai-akai akwai buga da kuma buga. Da wannan bango, kullum tashin farashin kayayyakin abincin, tanã fita rashin aikin yi. A sakamakon haka, da zamantakewa rikicin take kaiwa zuwa juyin juya halin. Ta kishin kasa ta shirya tare da haɗin gwiwar masu sassaucin ra'ayi, m daga Sarkin da sabon kundin tsarin mulki da kuma daidaituwa dukkan Jamus jihohin al'umma guda jihar. Bismarck ya sosai tsorata da wannan juyin juya hali, shi aika wata wasika zuwa ga sarkin tambayar shi ya amince da sojojin tafiya a kan Berlin. Amma Friedrich ke kan concessions kuma jera ya amince da bukatar da 'yan tawayen. A sakamakon haka, shi gudanar don kauce wa zubar da jini, kuma ya gyara ba kamar yadda m kamar yadda a Faransa, ko kuma Austria.

A mayar da martani ga cin nasara, na Musulmai masu sassaucin ra'ayi halitta clique - wani shiri na ra'ayin mazan jiya reactionaries. Bismarck nan da nan shigar da su a cikinta, kuma shi ne mai aiki farfaganda ta kafofin watsa labarai. By tsari tare da sarki a 1848, akwai wani juyin mulkin soja, da kuma na da hakkin ya dawo da bata matsayi. Amma Frederick bai hanzarta karfafa su sabon masõya, kuma Bismarck zahiri cire daga kan mulki.

A rikici da Austria

A wannan lokaci, da Jamusanci ƙasashe aka sosai fragmented cikin manyan kuma kananan mulkoki, ko ta wani hanya dogara a kan Austria da kuma Prussia. Wadannan jihohin biyu sun akai gwagwarmayar da hakkin ya kasance da unifying cibiyar na Jamus al'umma. By ƙarshen 40s akwai wani tsanani rikici kan Erfurt sarauta. Relations sun deteriorated sharply, jita-jita game da wani yiwu janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a. Bismarck daukan wani aiki sashi a warware rikici, da kuma ya kulawa don nace a kan hannu kan wannan yarjejeniya tare da Austria a Olmyutske saboda, a cikin ra'ayi, Prussia bai iya warware rikici ta hanyar soja wajen.

Bismarck imani da cewa shi ya zama dole don fara da dogon shiri domin lalata da Austria mamayar da ake kira Jamus sarari. A saboda wannan dalili, bisa ga Otto, dole ne ka shigar a cikin kawance da Faransa da kuma Rasha. Saboda haka, daga farkon Crimean War, ya rayayye kamfen ba su zo a cikin rikici a gefen Austria. Ƙoƙarin suna 'ya'ya: da janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a da aka ba za'ayi, da kuma Jamus ƙasashe bi zuwa neutrality. Sarki Mai gani ne ga yiwuwa ga "mahaukaci Junker" da kuma aika shi zuwa ga jakadan na Faransa. Bayan tattaunawar da Napoleon III Bismarck ba zato ba tsammani janye daga Paris da kuma aika zuwa Rasha.

Otto a Rasha

Sahaban da'awar cewa samuwar hali na Iron Chancellor da wani gagarumin tasiri zama a Rasha, ya rubuta game da shi kansa Otto Bismarck. Biography of wani jami'in diflomasiyyar, hada da lokacin da horo basira da gudanarwa. Wannan shi ne abin da Otto kishin kansa St. Petersburg. A babban birnin kasar, ya ciyar da yawa lokaci da Gorchakov, wanda aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi daraja jami'an diplomasiya na zamaninsa. Bismarck aka sha'awar da Rasha jihar da kuma hadisai. Ya na son wannan manufofin biyã da sarki, saboda haka ya nazarin Rasha tarihi. Ko da na fara zuwa koyi da Rasha harshe. A 'yan shekarun baya na iya magana da yardar kaina a gare shi. "Harshe yana ba ni damar fahimtar sosai image na tunani da kuma dabaru na Rasha" - rubuta Otto von Bismarck. Biography "mahaukaci" dalibai da kuma cadets kawo sunnan jami'in diflomasiyyar da ya hana nasara aiki a kasashe da dama, amma ba a Rasha. Wannan shi ne wani dalilin da ya sa Otto son kasar mu.

A da shi, sai ya ga wani misali ga ci gaban da Jamus jihar, tun Rasha ya iya gama ƙasar ga kabilanci ainihi, wanda wani dogon-tsaye mafarki na Jamus. Bugu da kari ga diplomasiyya Lambobin Bismarck samun mai yawa na sirri dangantaka.

Amma Bismarck ta quote game da Rasha ba za a iya kira flattering: "Bã amince a Rasha, domin Rasha ba amince ko da kansu". "Rasha ne m scantiness bukatu."

Fira Ministan kasar

Gorchakov Otto sanar da kayan yau da kullum na wani m kasashen waje da manufofin, wanda ya sosai zama dole to Prussia. Bayan da sarki mutuwa "mahaukaci Junker" aika zuwa Paris a matsayin jami'in diflomasiyyar. Yana fuskantar wani tsanani kalubale wajen hana sabuntawa na dogon-tsaye alliance na Faransa da kuma Ingila. A sabuwar gwamnatin a Paris, halitta bayan na gaba juyin juya hali, wani mummunan hali zuwa nuna jin ra'ayin mazan jiya daga Prussia. Amma Bismarck ya iya shawo Faransa mutane na da bukatar juna hadin gwiwa tare da kasar Rasha Empire da kuma Jamus asashe. A tawagar jakadan zabi kawai amintacce mutane. Mataimakansa zabi 'yan takara an nan ya dauki kansa Otto Bismarck. Taqaitaccen Tarihin 'yan takarar harhada by asirin' yan sanda da na sarki.

Nasara aiki a kafa dangantakar kasa da kasa a yarda Bismarck zama Firayim Ministan Prussia. A wannan matsayi, ya sami wani real soyayya na mutane. Mako-mako gaban shafukan na Jamus jaridu qawata Otto von Bismarck. Quotes manufofin zama mai farin jini nisa waje. Wannan shahararsa a kafofin watsa labarai saboda da soyayya da firaministan kasar zuwa populist kalamai. Alal misali, da kalmomin: "Great lokaci al'amurran da suka shafi ba a warware ta jawabai da kuma rinjaye shawarwari, amma da baƙin ƙarfe, da jini!" har yanzu amfani da tare da kama kalamai daga cikin shugabanni na zamanin d Roma. Daya daga cikin shahararrun faxin Otto von Bismarck: "wawanci - baiwar Allah, amma ya kamata su ba za a azaba."

A yankin fadada Prussia

Prussia ya dade saita manufa don gama duk Jamus ƙasashe cikin guda jihar. Don wannan karshen, shirye-shirye da aka yi ba kawai a cikin kasashen waje da manufofin al'amari, amma kuma a cikin filin na farfaganda. Main kishiya a cikin shugabanci da kuma taimaka na Jamus duniya ya Austria. A 1866, sharply aggravated dangantakar da Denmark. Part na mulkin da kabilanci da Jamusawan. A karkashin matsin lamba daga kasa shiryayye bangare na jama'a, suka fara bukaci da hakkin ya kai shiba. A wannan lokaci, Otto Chancellor Bismarck kulla da cikakken goyon bayan da sarki, da samu fadada hakkin. The yaki tare da Denmark. Prussian sojojin ba tare da wani matsaloli shagaltar da yankin Holstein da kuma raba shi da Austria.

Saboda waɗannan ƙasashe, wani sabon rikici da makwabcin. A Habsburgs, wanda aka zaunar da ku a Austria, rasa matsayi a Turai bayan jerin juyin da kuma juyin mulki da kifar da gwamnatin daular wakilai a cikin wasu kasashe. 2 shekaru bayan da Danish yaki kiyayya a tsakanin Austria da kuma Prussia girma a lissafi ci gaban. Da farko ya fara daga fatauci ne, kawancen da siyasa matsa lamba. Amma sosai da ewa ba shi ya bayyana cewa shi ne, ba iya kauce wa kai tsaye soja adawa. Dukansu kasashe sun fara shirin yaqi da yawan jama'a. A muhimmiyar rawa a rikicin taka leda Otto Fon Bismark. Zana ya raga a gaban sarki, sai nan da nan ya tafi zuwa Italiya zuwa enlist da goyon baya. Italiya ma yana da'awar Austria, yana neman mallake Venice. A 1866 yaki ya barke. Prussian sojojin gudanar da sauri ansu rubuce-rubucen da wani yanki daga ƙasa, kuma a tilasta wa Habsburg hannu a kan yarjejeniya a kan m sharuddan.

ƙasar Abubakar

Yanzu, duk hanyar da ya gama Jamus ƙasashe suka buɗe. Prussia aikata da kanta ga samar da Arewa Jamus Confederation, kundin tsarin mulki na wanda aka rubuta ta hanyar Otto von Bismarck. Chancellor kwaso game da hadin kai na Jamus mutane yi tsiwirwirinsu shahararsa a arewacin Faransa. The girma da tasiri na Prussia firgita ƙwarai Faransa. Rasha Empire kuma suka matsa a hankali jira abin da zai dauki Otto von Bismarck, a takaice biography wanda aka bayyana a cikin labarin. A tarihin Rasha-Prussian dangantakar a zamanin da Iron Chancellor ne sosai gagarumin. The siyasa ya iya tabbatar da Alexander II ta nufi yin hadin gwiwa tare da Empire da kuma bayan.

Amma Faransa a cikin wannan ba a gamsu. A sakamakon haka, a farkon na wani yaki. A kawai 'yan shekaru baya, a cikin Prussia da aka za'ayi gyara daga cikin sojojin, a sakamakon abin da ya halitta na yau da kullum sojojin. soja bayar wa kuma ya karu. Saboda wannan da nasara ayyuka na Jamus generals, Faransa ya sha fama da jerin manyan kashi. Napoleon III da aka kama. Paris da aka tilasta su zo sharuddan, ya rasa wani yawan yankuna.

A cikin farkawa daga cikin rabo, mai girma ne ake sanar da biyu Reich, Wilhelm ya zama sarki, da confidant - Otto Bismarck. Quotes Roman generals a sa kambi na Chancellor ba wani sunan barkwanci - "nasara", tun da shi ne sau da yawa wanda aka nuna a kan wani Roman karusarsa tare da wani wreath a kansa.

al'adunmu

Constant yaƙe-yaƙe da ciki disassembly tsanani durkusar kiwon lafiya da manufofin. Sau da yawa ya tafi hutu, amma yana komawa saboda wani sabon rikicin. Ko bayan shekaru 65, ya ci gaba da dauki wani aiki sashi a cikin dukan siyasar kasar tafiyar matakai. Babu gamuwa da Diet bai faru, idan ba a samu halartar Otto Fon Bismark. Ban sha'awa abubuwa game da Chancellor ta rayuwa da aka bayyana a kasa.

Domin shekaru 40, ya cimma babbar nasara a cikin harkokin siyasa. Prussia fadada yankin da kuma ya iya Master da Jamusanci magabaci a cikin sarari. Lambobin da aka kafa tare da Rasha Empire da kuma Faransa. Duk wadannan nasarori, dã mun kasance m ba tare da irin wannan adadi a matsayin Otto Bismarck. Photo Chancellor ta profile da kuma fama kwalkwali zama wata alama ce da mabuwayi wuya waje da kuma na cikin gida da manufofin. The shawara kewaye da wannan hali suna gudanar ya zuwa yanzu. Amma a Jamus, kowa ya san wanda ya Otto von Bismarck - da Iron Chancellor. Me ake da shi don haka ya kira, bãbu yarjejeniya. Ko saboda sauri fushi, ko saboda da rashin tausayi na abokan gaba. Duk da haka dai, dole ne ya mai babbar tasiri a siyasar duniya.

ban sha'awa facts

• Bismarck your safe fara tare da motsa jiki, da salla.
• A lokacin ziyararsa a Rasha, Otto koya yi magana a Rasha.
• A St. Petersburg, Bismarck gayyace su shiga a Ruwa fun. Wannan farauta domin bears a cikin dazuzzuka. Jamusawa ko da gudanar ya kashe wasu dabbobi. Amma a lokacin da na gaba outing tawagar na rasa, da kuma jami'in diflomasiyyar da aka tsanani frostbitten ƙafafunsa. Doctors annabta yanki, amma ba abinda ya faru.
• A cikin matasa, Bismarck an m duelist. Ya halarci 27 duels, kuma daya daga cikinsu samu wani tabo a kan fuskarsa.
• Otto von Bismarck sau daya tambayi yadda ya zabi da sana'a. Ya ce: "Ina sosai halitta shi aka qaddara domin zama jami'in diflomasiyyar: An haife ni a ranar farko na watan Afrilu."