Marubuci Ivan Makarov: biography, kerawa da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Rasha adabi ne mai arziki da haske sunayen. Amma zamantakewa da siyasar rayuwa na kasar ne irin wannan cewa kafofin watsa labarai sun kasance a cikin hannãyenku daga cikin hukumomi. Kuma sunayen da yawa marubuta, kasida, masana kimiyya for shekaru da aka manta. Daga gare su, a talented marubuci Ivan Ivanovich Makarov.

A farkon shekaru na marubuci

Ivan Makarov aka haife shi a kauyen Saltykov Oktoba 30, 1900. A baftisma da ya samu da sunan Yahaya.

Bayan kammala karatu daga yankunan karkara makarantu a matsayin mafi kyau dalibi na Ivan ya dauki karatu a Ryazhskaya dakin motsa jiki a jama'a ilimi. Kafin kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare, nan gaba marubuci karatu a kan gwamnatin kudi.

A shekarar 1918, biyu masu zaman kansu mata ta motsa jiki, da kuma maza, inda ya yi karatu a karkashin Makarov Ivan, aka hada da sake masa suna. A Yuni 1919 ya gama da shi a matsayin "makaranta na da 2nd mataki yawan 2".

shekaru nazari

Malaman nahawu makarantu sun duk jami'a. A wakĩli na motsa jiki a wani kãshi councilor Yermolov. A dalibai a kai a kai sanya tafiye-tafiye zuwa Estate - nazari greenhouses, gidãjen Aljanna, greenhouses da kuma wurin shakatawa.

A dakin motsa jiki da aka dalibi mawaka. Akwai wani goge, wani cello, da piano, Viola, biyu bass, da sarewa, da oboe. A dalibai halitta a balalaika ƙungiyar makaɗa. Stage wasanni, ciki har da birnin da mazauna. Domin makarantar sakandare dalibai shirya Lahadi karatu da haske hotuna da kuma film zaman.

Gudanar a dakin motsa jiki na wasanni "Lahadi da safe" a cikin spring - wasanni, rani - kwallon kafa da kuma boating, wanda yana biya wani dakin motsa jiki. Winter dace domin high-makaranta giciye-kasa gudun kan da kuma kankara na tsere kan Rink.

Ainihin Sciences aka bai wa nan gaba marubuci da kyau. Aljabara, lissafi, dole ne ya hudu, da Rasha, da harshe, da wallafe-wallafen - wani sau uku. Shekaru na horo a makarantar sakandare sun zama da muhimmanci ga samuwar nan gaba marubuci. Wannan shi ne wani lokaci na epochal events: yakin duniya na farko, Fabrairu juyin juya halin, sa'an nan Oktoba, farkon na yakin basasa.

iyali

A iyaye na marubuci, manoma Ivan Ivanovich Makarov da kuma Maria Ivanovna Kon'kova, kuma an haife shi a Saltykov. Sun kasance sũ ne m mutane, wanda a wancan lokacin ya sosai rare. Dukansu zo daga wani karfi tattalin arziki, ajiye wani daftarin aiki gaskatãwa cewa su takalman ƙasar a Princess Troubetzkoy.

Creativity Makarov Ivan Ivanovich ne inextricably nasaba da biography. A littafan da kuma marubuci ya nuna ainihin adadin ƙasar ( "The Black shawl") na da gimbiya, da kuma yawan mazaunan kauyen ( "Karfe hakarkarinsa"). da marubuci mahaifina shi ne wani baƙauye ba tare da ƙasa, da kuma ya mallakar kawai dinki na'ura, kamar yadda shi da kansa ya ce Makarov. Mahaifinsa aka tsunduma a shoemaking kasuwanci.

Dukan ƙasar da aka jera for kakan Makarov. Suka zauna a cikin gidan kakansa. The iyali yana da yara shida, Ivan - mafi m. Land mãkirci iya ciyar da babban iyali, kuma mahaifina sau da yawa ya tafi aiki a Moscow.

A farkon shekaru na sabuwar gwamnatin, da kuma wannan mahaifi da dansa Makarov shiga gida hukumomi. The mahaifin ya jagoranci yaki da deserters kwamitin, ɗansa kuma ya zama memba na kauye majalisa. Makarov, Jr. ya memba na alƙarya kwamitin da matalauci, wanda aka kowa na da hakkin ya janye "ragi" burodi da kuma rarraba a tsakanin talakawa.

Kila babu ƙasar nasu tasiri a kan duniya Makarova Senior. Ya amince da shirin na "baƙauye" Socialist-Revolutionary Party, babban tambaya wanda yake bisa ƙasa. Yana da aka wuce da shi da ɗansa. Babban taken aikinsa zai zama manoman, ƙasar da kuma juyin juya halin da ya canja rayuwarsu.

A cikin ayyukansu Ivan Makarov ya gaya game da real events na 1917. A labari "The Black shawl" na nuna gaskiyar da shan kashi na manoma distillery a lõkacin da suka opilis barasa, da kuma kashe da mutane 70.

Personal rai

A wasu daga cikin questionnaires Makarov ya nuna cewa, ba da aure. A 1921, jam'iyyar tambayoyi, ya lura - "aure." Sunan matarsa ya Vera Valentinovna Vonlyarlyarskaya, soma dan - Jan. A 1941, ya kasance shekara goma sha bakwai da haihuwa, wata mai sa kai ke da gaban. A karshen yakin duniya na biyu a watan Janairu ya halaka a Konigsberg.

sauyi aiki

Kira juyin juya hali, dubban matasa, Makarov ya daga gare su. A questionnaires, ya ko da yaushe sa ilimi a cikin "mai kyau" ko "talakawan". Gwarazansa na Komsomol suna kishin shi, da yawa daga cikinsu sun kammala kawai makarantar firamare.

Farko "neman sauyi matakai" Makarov Ivan sanya a ƙasarsa ta kauyen a lokacin da 'yan kyauyen to su tsãge daga ganuwar kuma ya ƙone' yan majalisar sarki hotuna. Sa'an nan, ya wani almajiri daga cikin dakin motsa jiki. Bayan samun digiri, ya tafi inda ya umarci jam'iyyar - suka yi jihãdi a cikin Red Army, aiki a matsayin wata siyasa jami'in da kuma Scout a Chone, shi ne sakataren kwamitin gundumar na Komsomol.

A 1922, Makarov aka tuno daga mukaminshi kuma aika zuwa lardin malami Komsomol kwamitin. Ya rayu a Ryazan, amma line na wajibi sau da yawa tafiya zuwa kananan hukumomi. A matsayin wakilin na lardin Ryazan, Makarov tafiya ba, a Janairu 1924 a kan shugaban ta jana'iza a Moscow. Daga cikin wakilai ya kan 6th All-Union Congress na Komsomol.

Tun da kaka na shekarar 1923 Makarov Ivan Ivanovich - wani memba na jam'iyyar kwaminis. Combined da kuma jam'iyyar aiki, da kuma dabarun rubuce-rubuce. A 1924, tare da gudummawar halitta da Ryazan reshe na "kasida na kungiyar AU" da kuma wallafe-wallafen da'irar.

Tun 1926, Makarov yi aiki a matsayin sakataren jam'iyyar cell a sashen na jama'a ilimi. A karshen wannan shekara, ya taƙaice bar Ryazan ganin Siberia. A karshe sabis Makarova a Ryazan - superintendence Agronomy School.

na farko bazawa

Mafi yawansu ya gajeren rayuwa Ivan Makarov ya zauna a ƙasar da Ryazan. Ya rayayye halarci shiri na matasa jihar, da farko a matsayin Komsomol ma'aikacin, sa'an nan a matsayin jam'iyya. A Ryazan, ya buga a cikin gida jaridu a matsayin yankunan karkara wakilinmu kuma shugaban na Komsomol kungiyar.

A wannan lokaci an rubuta wasiƙa: "Cry Matasa", "Lenin ta jikoki," "Zamantakewa na matasa Communards", "Aiki kuka." Stories na "The First iyãma", "Mishkin smuggling", "Boots da kuma man shanu", "key". "Grunkino la'ana" da "sakayyar haƙori kuma haƙori" Makarov kawo wa All-Russian matakin. Daga wannan lokacin ya fara tafiya, a cikin babban wallafe-wallafe.

kerawa Makarova

A shekara ta 1929 farko shine, "The karfe hakarkarinsa" da aka saki a Moscow. Yana da aka buga a mujallar "The Sun Guard", sa'an nan da aka buga a littafin form. Bayan da ta buga Makarov ya koma Moscow. Akwai sun kasance rubuta labarai:

• 1930 - "Last muzhikan".
• 1933 - "The Case 471".
• 1935 - "The Firebird", "Stepan fama da duniya."

Tuni a cikin babban birnin kasar na wata talented mawallafin Makarov Ivan Ivanovich rubuta labarin:

• 1929 - "Reid baki irin ƙwaro".
• 1930 - 1931 shekaru - "Aminci a duniya".
• 1931 - 1932 - "The Cossack gona".
• 1936 - "Gofmaler Nikita".

A Moscow lokacin litattafan da aka halitta:

• 1929 - "The karfe hakarkarinsa".
• 1933 - 1934 shekaru - "The Black shawl".
• 1936 - "Misha Kurbatov".

Litattafan "Indiya ne a cikin jini" da "Grand Shirin" ya ba tukuna aka buga. Unknown rabo aiki, "Vecchio" da "Good Muscovite". Roman Makarov "Blue Field" da aka bar ba a kare ba.

A 1928 Ivan Makarov ya jagoranci Ryazan reshe na Writers 'Association. A shekara ta 1929, ya gajeren labarin "A nuna", ya samu lambar yabon da mujallar "Pathfinder". A 1930 - ga labarin "shiru drum" mujallar lambar yabo "World Kasadar".

tsaro

A labari "Misha Kurbatov" Makarov karkata daga jam'iyyar ra'ayi. A watan Fabrairu 1937, marubucin Makarov Ivan Ivanovich aka kama a matsayin mastermind na baƙauye kungiyar na marubuta, da zato ta burin da aka kisan gillar da Stalin.

A Lubyanka Makarova dogon shan azaba da kuma azabtarwa. A karkashin rashin tausayi da azabtarwa ya shigar da laifi. Shekaru da dama daga baya, aka ƙaddara cewa babu hadin kai da aka ba kuma ba zai iya zama. Makarova aka harbe a cikin kurkuku na NKVD, Yuli 16, 1937.