Mawãƙi Julian Tuwim: biography da ayyukansu

Kamar yadda wani yaro, mu hadu da funny shayari Yuliana Tuvima: game da Pan Trulyalinskogo, inna Valya da kuma tabarau, ABC, wanda ya auku a kashe murhu, wawa Janek game da kayan lambu, wanda da uwar gida ya kawo wa kasuwar. Irin da funny Lines Tuwim waqe etched a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar. Gabatar da mu ga wadannan ayoyi ban al'ajabi da yara mawãƙi Samuil Marshak.

Wasu yara da iyayensu ba ma sane da cewa su fi so waqe Marshak Lines ba su rubuta ba, amma da wani. A Rasha Tuvim 'yan know, bari mu yi kokarin cika wannan rata.

Julian Tuwim: biography, kerawa

Ransa yana cike da sabani. Yawancin mutane sun gaskata cewa Julian Tuwim - a yara mawãƙi ne. Abin baƙin ciki, mutane kadan san cewa ya rubuta ga manya, da yawa tsunduma a fassara. Wannan mutumin gabatar da Poland daga Rasha na gargajiya wallafe-wallafe. The shayari na Aleksandra Pushkina, Borisa Pasternaka, Vladimira Mayakovskogo, Afanasiya Feta kuma ko da "Lay" bude Polyakov Yulian Tuvim.

Haife shi - Satumba 18, 1884. An haife shi a cikin Yaren mutanen Poland birnin Lodz Yahudawa a cikin iyali, amma ko da yaushe ya dauki kansa a iyakacin duniya. Daga haihuwa, yaron ji da Polish magana, kakan yi aiki a cikin Yaren mutanen Poland mujallar, uwa ya raira songs kuma karanta Littafin waqoqi a Polish. The iyali ya ba arziki da kuma ba sosai m, amma yaron da aka farin ciki, ta yaya za ka yi farin ciki, kuma m ne kawai a cikin shimfiɗar jariri.

A makaranta, Julian son Bil Adama, amma da ainihin kimiyyar da aka ba tare da wahala, musamman lissafi, domin shi Tuvim ko da ya zauna a karo na biyu a shekara a shida sa. Bayan makarantar sakandare, sai ya shiga University of Warsaw, na farko a cikin doka sashen sa'an nan canjawa wuri zuwa philological, amma ya taba gama. Poetic aiki da kuma hana duk lokacin shagala daga karatunsu.

By farkon yakin duniya na II, ya riga ya yi aure, da 'ya'yansu ba da iyali, amma kamar wata ta soma ya kawo. Don adana ransa, suka tilasta musu gudu daga Poland. Bakwai dogon shekaru ciyar a gudun hijira Tuwim. A wasu ƙasashe, kawai wannan lokaci ba ziyarci: Romania, France, Brazil, Italiya da kuma Amurka. A Poland, koma kawai a shekara bayan da yaki ya ƙare. Kawai godiya ga lyrics da inexhaustible wit su tsira a cikin wadannan wuya shekaru na Julian Tuwim. A biography wannan mutumin rike mai yawa da baƙin ciki da kuma juyayinsu, amma duk da wannan, ya kasance ko da yaushe kaffa da harba kewaye su.

fi so ayyuka

Ya gaske son sunadarai, ya na son su gudanar da daban-daban gwaje-gwajen. Wata irin wannan gwaji kusan cika a bala'i, ta fashe a wani gida Lab. Bayan haka, Julian yanke shawarar zabi wani kasa fashewar so ya fara tattara kan sarki da kuma malam.

Amma ya fi so abin shagala kawai shi ne aikin da kalmomi. Ya na son su don rhyme, ƙirƙirãwa sabon haduwa. Ya iya rubuta ayoyin da dabara a ilmin lissafi da kuma wani sharhin, an ɗauko daga tarihi rubutu. Duk da cewa Tuwim son rhyme kalmomi, rubutu shayari, da ya yi ba a lokaci daya. Wannan bukata wasu uzuri buga. Haka ya faru a lokacin da Julian ya zama Mai ƙididdigewa ga shayari na Leopold Staff. Da shayari ya bugi kwatanci na saurayi, ransa agitated, kuma suka zo gare shi da sha'awar rubuta wakoki.

Mawãƙi Julian Tuwim

A farko bazawa da ya faru a eksperantistskom mujallar, ya fassara biyu waqe Staffa a Esperanto harshe. Fassarori da zai yi cikin ransa. Bayan shekaru biyu da ya rubuta ta farko da waka, "Don Allah."

Favorite kasida, wanda ko da yaushe ya so ya zama Tuwim zama Artyur Rembo, Kochanowski, Basulake, Alexander Pushkin, Alexander Blok, Vladimir Mayakovsky daga baya. Daga cikin marubutan na Tuwim sosai na son wannan labarin ta Nikolaya Gogolya, musamman St. Petersburg sake zagayowar.

Ga wasu lokaci marubucin ya rubuta ga mataki: vaudeville, m guda, amma real shayari har yanzu lashe. Tuwim rayu a cikin wani zamanin zamantakewa juyi: da Oktoba juyin juya halin a Rasha, yakin duniya na, yakin duniya na II zama na Poland, don haka ya waqe sun siyasa a yanayi. Ya ba su iya zauna daga taron da dukan tunani, ya zãlunci; yayin da, gano hanyar fita a ayar. Abokai gane ba shi, kuma sun ƙi abokan gaba, amma da mawãƙi ba zai iya yi in ba haka ba. Da zarar hau a cikin hanyar bauta wa da gaskiya, rage Tuwim aka ba zuwa wurinsa.

A mafi fi so Genre har yanzu ya kasance wani satire, ya ƙaunace su rubuta epigrams, Jagora. Scathing Lines tilasta masu karatu don mutu tare da dariya da kuma sayan wani edition, inda ya za a iya buga Julian Tuwim. A karshen rayuwarsa ya kusan daina rubuta wakoki, da kuma waɗanda ya rubuta, folded a cikin aljihun tebur, da yawa Dogayen sanda sun iya karanta kawai bayan mutuwarsa. Tuwim waqe suna cike da falsafa ma'anar da karfi don shiga cikin jigon abubuwa, na wanda ya rubuta.

Rayuwa ka'idojin mawãƙi

1. Kada ka yi hukunci a mutum da kabila, amma kawai ta abin da shi ne: wani wayo ko wawa, wayo, ko sauki, mugunta ko alheri.

2. Kada ka tsaya a gefe na zaman jama'a matsaloli. Siyasa ba zai iya zama mai sana'a, idan wani mutum yana da lamiri, ba ya iya tsayawa da ita a gefe.

3. Duk da isar da rayuwa don gudanar da mutumci.

"Polish Flowers"

Da ya fi muhimmanci aiki na Julian Tuwim fara rubuta a cikin zaman talala. "Launuka na Poland" - da waka ga Dogayen sanda, kamar yadda muhimmanci kamar yadda na Rasha "Eugene Onegin," Pushkin da Turanci "Don Juan," Byron. Encyclopedia of Polish rayuwa kira ta sukar. Ya rubuta kusan dubu tara Lines, amma abin takaici, wannan aikin Tuwim bai gama ba.

Yaren mutanen Poland Mawãƙi Yaroslav Ivashkevich kira Tuwim sihiri wanda knits bouquets na furanni. Kuma game da waka kanta ya bayyana cewa, yana yiwuwa ya saurari da kuma karanta karshe, da jin dadin da m launin waƙa Lines.

Ilya Ehrenburg da Tuwim

Julian ya sosai m Rasha, Rasha al'ada ta ko da yaushe nadãma da cewa shi ba ya ciyar a kasar a lokacin da yake gudun hijira.

A 1922 ya sadu da Rasha marubuci Iley Erenburgom. Su saukin samu a kowa da harshen, shi kuwa yana da ban sha'awa magana da, ko da yake su da wuya hadu. Ehrenburg yi magana da Tuwim kamar yadda mai girma maye da rai tsarkakakke, kuma ya bayyana cewa, " 'yan kaxan mutane na ƙaunace haka dearly kuma m ..."

cancanci fitarwa

Duk da cewa ya dauki up wannan ban mamaki, talented mutum, sai ya yi brilliantly. Satirical, waqe yara, aikin jarida, m fassarorin - fiye da kawai ba yi cikin rayuwarsa Julian Tuwim. Shayari ... Duk da haka, shi ne ta ke shi ne babban al'amari na kaddara, ya ya kebe ta dukan rai, don haka short amma sai mai haske.

A gida iyawa Tuwim aka kimanta ba sosai sosai. Posthumously ya aka bayar da Order of abu akan sake haihuwa na Poland. Ya aka tuna da girmama ko da shekaru bayan mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2013 a gida Tuwim aka ayyana da Shekara na tunawa da shi.

Sabo a matsayin SIP na ruwa daga wani marmaro, cike da gaisuwa da mutumci shayari Yuliana Tuvima a dama ɓangare na zinariya darik shayari yara. Fiye da daya tsara za su yi girma a kan su, da kuma a yau ta yara za su karanta ayoyin wannan gagarumar mawãƙi da 'ya'yansa.