Mawaki Vasily Andreev

Mawaki Vasily Andreev aka haife shi a 1861 a cikin wani iyali na 'yan kasuwa. Bai zama m, kuma ya zama interested in music. Godiya ga shi, akwai da fashion for Rasha jama'a kida, wanda sun samu babba jama'a ya san kuma yarda a kan concert mataki. Andreev ba kawai wani mawaki, amma kuma wani Oganeza da kuma kiran kasuwa na zane-zane.

Virtuoso da sharhi

Da farko ƙungiyar makaɗa Vasily Andreev kafa a St. Petersburg. Yana hada magoya psaltery, zhaleek, ganguna, da sauran jama'a kida. Orchestra kide yada a ko'ina cikin kasar sha'awa wasa da balalaika. Vasily Andreev kansa da basira ƙware da kayan aiki.

A mawaki ya zahiri halitta wani sabon yanki na m kerawa, da aka sani Rasha jama'a instrumental art na rubuta hadisi. Yana garwaya tẽku biyu masu sana'a ilimi da almara abubuwa. Saboda haka dauke da wani musamman duk da cewa ya yi Vasily Andreev. A mawaki yana da ra'ayin samar da wani sabon irin m art ba nan da nan, ko da yake balalaika fascinated shi tun suna yara. Mafi yawansu duk ya so rarrabe timbre na kayan aiki da kuma ta aiwatar da hanyoyin.

Vasily Andreev - mawaki, bambanta da wani tsattsauran ra'ayi ke e kanka ga aiwatar da su da tsare-tsaren. A daya hannun, ya kasance wani virtuoso live yi, da kuma a kan wasu - wani m theoretician, wanda ya rubuta da yawa articles da littattafai a kan ya fi so topic.

Da farko chromatic balalaika

Ko da yake Vasily Andreev qware a kaden, rinjayar da shi ya na da ilimi music. Domin shekaru uku ya yi karatu da goge, shan darussa daga fice shugaba da kuma mai kada violin Nikolaya Galkina, wani tsohon Farfesa a cikin St. Petersburg kide. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa Andreev kan lokaci mafi yi domin balalaika bukatun musamman da wake-wake da makami. Mobile modal sills ba a diatonic sikelin. A mawaki amfani da wannan tsayayyen chromatic halin. Ya zama kawo canji yi dabaru.

A 1887, tare da talented master Franz Paserbskim Andreev halitta na farko chromatic balalaika. A kayan aiki nan da nan tsiwirwirinsu shahararsa. A lokacin rani na wannan shekara da littafin "School balalaika". Paserbskogo samfurin da wani muhimman hakkokin da muhimmanci ga duk rai Andreeva hali. Domin da farko lokacin da akwai wani balalaika, wanda ya zama wani ilimi kayan aiki, da kuma ya kiyaye da hankula almara Properties (yawan kirtani, triangular bene, wasa dabaru, tsarin). Duk wani yiwuwa na ta gargajiya m al'adunmu.

popularization na balalaika

A gaskiya Andreev ya ba da ƙasar a balalaika a ci-gaba da inganta form. Kafin wannan al'umma da wannan kayan aiki shi ne da ethnographic asalin, kuma yanzu ya zama na kasa kuma ko da a kan ta taro rarraba. Kwararru da yawa imani da wannan sabon abu ne na musamman a tarihin music.

A kawai shekaru goma, da balalaika ya tafi da sauran kayan bushe, bukata ƙarni. A farkon karni na XXI a Rasha akwai game da 200 000 (a cikin wannan harka a St. Petersburg, akwai game da dubu 65).

Amfãnin Andreev model

Ne ga kayan aiki Vasily Andreev rubuta da yawa articles, kuma Ya halitta wani sabon zartarwa dabara, m da m fashion na zamaninsa. New balalaika an inganta haka da cewa shi ya zama yafi araha ga na farko ci gaba da musamman sababbin. Ta irin murya sauti ya fi jinsin da sonorous sauti fiye da waɗanda suke a gabãninsu.

Form balalaika ya zama mafi m, kuma mafi muhimmanci, mafi m. Amfanin ba su tsoma baki tare da kayan aiki da ya rage cheap da sauki tsirar. Shi ne daidai da dace da duka biyu m lyrical jama'a da raye-raye domin mai halin kuskunda. A totality of duk wadannan abũbuwan amfãni janyo hankalin mafi masu goyon baya da suke so su koyi da ba a sani ba craft su music.

Ana zargin da ƙungiyar makaɗa

Bayan bayyanar da sabon chromatic balalaika Andreev samu wani babban yawan dalibai. Yana da su, tare da malamin ya halicci m St. Petersburg Orchestra (asali abun da ke ciki - 8 mutane). Da farko concert da aka gudanar Maris 20, 1888. Wannan kwanan wata - da ranar haihuwa na ƙungiyar makaɗa na Rasha jama'a kida.

jam'iyyar kayan aikin da aka ninninkuwa kuma yana da wata hujja aikin rabuwa (tsirkiya masu raka, bass, launin waƙa). Balalaika taka leda a unison. Daga baya, a 1890, da ƙungiyar makaɗa ya girma zuwa 16 mutane.

Farfaganda music a cikin sojojin

Saba da wani kayan aiki na Vasily Andreev rubuta kwaikwaiyo, orchestras halitta kuma ya rubuta wani littafi, kada mu manta da cewa wani gagarumin taimako ga nasara sanya m yaƙin neman zaɓe ya inganta balalaika. Samun da aka sani a cikin babban birnin kasar, da mawaki ya fara shirya thematic da'ira a cikin sojojin. Ya kasance (kuma shi ne daidai) cewa demobilized da kõmãwa zuwa ga wuraren da sojoji za a horar da tare da abokai da kuma iyali soyayya balalaika.

Saboda haka a cikin kauyuka, da masana'antu ne a Tarurrukan na almara, da m m strata samu wani ado da m ilimi. Riga akalla haka a cikin galaxy daga cikin manyan masu kida na haske yana daukan wani cancanci wuri Vasily Andreev. Plays da mawaki ya zama yadu da aka sani da kuma amfani da dama masu goyon baya a matsayin albarkatun kasa domin su horo.

A 1897, Andreev sanya a kafa na koyarwa ma'aikatan daga cikin sojojin, tsunduma a cikin gabatarwa da wasan a kan wani balalaika. Mutane da yawa sojoji koyi da mawaki, ta buga a Mariinsky Theater. A wani shagali sadaukar da 10th ranar tunawa Andreeva tawagar, ya halarci ƙungiyar makaɗa, wanda kunshi 380 balalaika.

Amma kada ka yi zaton cewa kungiyar na horo ya zama mawaki ta sauki yanzu. A farko, ya yi yaƙi da ba komai haqqinsa da kuma soja burokrasi a ofisoshin, ciki kasa kida da yawa da nuna bambanci da kuma raini.

mawaki almajiransa

Wadannan da St. Petersburg Orchestra Andreeva fadin kasar suka fara bayyana irin wannan makada, kwarewa a Rasha kaden. Na biyu birni da wani sabon da'irar magoya na wasan a kan wani balalaika ya Moscow.

Kumbura da St. Andrew ta ƙungiyar makaɗa, wanda kunshi mafi duqufar da almajiransa na mawaki. Mafi shahara a cikinsu cimma Nikolai Fomin. Ya yi karatu a St. Petersburg Conservatory da kuma kawo a cikin ƙarin ilimi da'irar da kuma kwarewa. Fomin ya marubucin mafi yawan transcriptions da kuma shirye-shirye na Rasha jama'a songs for ƙungiyar makaɗa. Ayyukansa da sauri zama gargajiya. Hakika a kan zama Fomina shafa da kuma ya Vasily Andreev. "Meteor", "Faun" da sauran ayyukansu sun zama m jagora ga ƙarni da dama na kida.

Andreev da domra

A tsawon lokaci, ta daina gamsar timbre Andreyev Balalaika Orchestra uniform. Ya ji kamar sauti bai isa ba iri-iri. Saboda haka, mawaki ya fara gabatar a cikin ƙungiyar makaɗa duk kayayyakin sababbin kayayyakin. Su sun taimaka wajen sabunta cikin shagali shirin a kudi na mafi tsanani gargajiya ilimi ayyukansu. Sha'awa, da fadada daga cikin sharhin na ƙungiyar makaɗa Andreev karfafa yawa da suka shahara Figures na Rasha art na zamani. Balalaika music ƙawãta tafi ba kawai kida. Saboda haka, kiyaye rubutu Andreev babban artist Iley Repinym.

Neman dace da maimaitawa na Rasha jama'a kida, Andreev yanke shawarar juya zuwa wani layi da kuma strummed domra. Tambayar da ta kaya da aka sa'an nan muhawara. Andreev samu "magaji" ya dade ya ɓata daga mai fadi Appliances dobro a vyat balalaika. Su halayyar alama ya zagaye jiki (wanin "classic" alwatika).

Ga abin da kayan aikin Vasily Andreev rubuta da kwaikwaiyo? Mafi yawa daga cikin ayyukansa halitta balalaika. Duk da haka, mawaki ya yi yawa ga yada da sauran kayan aikin. Misali dobro a cikin wannan ma'ana, mafi nuni. Sake gina shi, Andreev samu wani sabon tushe na tonal iri-iri domin da ƙungiyar makaɗa na Rasha jama'a kida.

update ƙungiyar makaɗa

Da farko dobro a kan Vyatka samfurori da aka sanya a cikin bazara na 1896. Bayan ƙara su zuwa St. Andrew ta concert ƙungiyar makaɗa da aka sake masa suna Great Rasha. A mawaki ya bayyana dalilan da fitowan da sabon alamun cewa ya kasance tare da almajiransa amfani da kayan aikin da suke da hankula musamman ga arewacin da kuma tsakiyar kasar hanyoyi. A lokaci guda a cikin ƙungiyar makaɗa ta fara bayyana kerata kwalkwali molo.

Bugu da kari ga balalaika, Vasily Andreev daga yara na ƙaunar harmonica. A wannan kayan aiki, ya taka leda a wata sosai tun da wuri. A gida a Marino da masu jituwa mawaki sau da yawa huta bayan dogon gigs. A farko, da ƙungiyar makaɗa a kai a kai alternated lambobi a kan kayan aiki da balalaika. Tare da Vasily Andreev harmonics taka leda tsanani da kuma cikakken aiki. A daidai wannan lokaci classic ga Great Rasha Orchestra da wannan kayan aiki ko ba. Gaskiyar cewa harmonica ne mafi related to birane song, yayin da Andreev (ga dukan soyayya da ita) kokarin raya wani a baya sashen dutsen almara.

makadi ayyukansu

"Memories na Vienna", "Faun", "Butterfly" Polonaise №1 - wannan ba cikakken jerin ayyuka, wanda aka] auki nauyin Vasily Andreev. "Orchid" aka kuma sanannun repertory yawan Mai girma Rasha Orchestra. Ko da zamani jama'a kungiyoyin ci gaba da gudanar da wani aiki na song "Moonlight", halitta fiye da shekara ɗari da suka wuce da mawaki.

Vasily Andreev rubuta plays instrumental m, mai haske a kan karin waža kuma mashahuri a cikin widest yiwu masu sauraro. Su suna janyo hankalin zuwa samun Masana wani sabon orchestral jama'a al'ada duk sabon zafi mabiya.

yawon shakatawa

Instrumental abun da ke ciki tattara Andreev, ya taimaka yaba ma mafi gane ilimi composers. Daga cikin su ya Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Andreev tasiri ne ji a cikin wasan opera game da birnin Kitezh. Sam farfagandar balalaika da sauran jama'a kida, maraba da ra'ayin composing ga ƙungiyar makaɗa ta mallaka sabon manyan sikelin-ayyukansu.

Zama m Andreeva ma'aikatan fara bada kide ba kawai a Rasha amma kuma kasashen waje. Great Rasha Orchestra wasanni da aka sayar fita a Jamus, Faransa, Amurka da kuma Ingila. A hali inda wani Italian mawaki Ruggero Leoncavallo ƙi tafiya zuwa Berlin domin "Pagliacci" Opera farko na kansa domin a lokaci guda su halarci wani concert Vasily.

Andreev har 'yan shekarun nan ya zauna kuzari da kwazo mai yi. Bayan juyin juya halin Musulunci, yakin basasa ya fara, da kuma mawaki ya tafi da gaban da kide. Rawar da ya taka sun ji dadin m shahararsa a tsakanin Red Army. A lokacin daya daga cikin kide gudanar da Vasily Andreev a cikin sanyi, a wani haske kwat da wando, kuma ya kasance tsanani da rashin lafiya. Yana da aka aiko zuwa Petrograd. Ya mutu a kan Disamba 26, 1918. Kabarin Andreev ne a kan hanya mawaki Tikhvin hurumi, inda karya shahara Figures na m art.