Mene ne ƙungiyar taurari Orion? Orion ƙungiyar taurari taswira. description camfin

A taurarin sama ne musamman da kyau a lokacin rani. Clear zafi dare da rana adadin haske a kan kansa daukan hankali. Duk da haka, akwai sama Figures, wanda ake gain a cikin sanyi kakar. Wadannan sun hada da, kuma da ƙungiyar taurari Orion. Tuki da shi ya hada da 209 taurari, observable da ido tsirara. Orion ne sanannen godiya ga manyan yawan haske sarari abubuwa a abun da ke ciki, shi ne sauƙin rarrabe daga ƙasa. The Ideal lokacin da lura - daga Nuwamba zuwa Janairu.

Recognizable ko'ina a duniya

Mene ne ƙungiyar taurari na Orion, da aka sani zuwa kusan dukan mazaunan duniya tamu, saboda an gani a duka biyu hemispheres. Wannan yana yuwuwa ta da tsari na taurari ne kusan a kan layi na cikin wani sarari suKe ekweita.

A Arewa Hemisphere masaukai Orion ne musamman m in winter da dare a kudancin sama. A wannan lokaci, da uku da taurari kafa Orion ta bel , kuma located kusan daidai mike line, suna kusa da sararin sama line a wani kadan kwana da ita. Recognizable silhouette nau'i takwas da-alama jikinsu. Samaniya adadi tun tsufa hade da image na mafarauci Orion da takobi a kan bel, a kulob din a hannu daya kuma wata garkuwa a cikin sauran.

labari

Constellation Orion yara ne aka bayyana a karo na farko ba a cikin darussan da na ilmin taurari, da kuma a cikin shakka daga idon sani da Legends na zamanin tsohuwar Girka. A cewar labari, da gwarzo, baya sa a cikin sama, da aka sani a matsayin mai kere mafarauci, wanda zuciya da aka kashe da kyau na Pleiades - da Nymphs daga allahiya Atamis. Orion ƙoƙarin magana da su kasance m: rude Nymphs gudu da kira domin taimako daga majiɓinci,. Atamis juya bakwai Pleiades a kurciyoyi. Sun karkata high a cikin sama inda ƙungiyar taurari zarar ya fara.

Orion sauri daina makoki saboda Nymphs da kuma fadi cikin soyayya da Merope - 'yar Sarkin tsibirin Chios Oynopiona. The mahaifin tambayi gwarzo yin wani feat cancanci 'yarsa hannunka. Duk da haka, Orion yanke shawarar yi aiki a kan kansu hanya: ya tashi yayi sata Merope. Sarkin koya daga Hunter kayayyaki da kuma a fansa makantar da shi.

mutuwar wani gwarzo

Orion dogon lokaci kadai yawo da ƙasa a cikin search na wani wanda zai mayar da gabansa. A karshen, sai ya ɗauki tausayi a kan daya daga Cyclops ci karo da kai ga Helios. A rana bautãwa ya iya sa gwarzo sake gani. Orion, ba tare da tunanin sau biyu, ya koma sha'awa. A bin da ganima, da kuma Atamis lura, sosai m farauta. Orion zarar zama ta lover, shi ne sosai kau wa alloli - Apollo. Ya yanke shawarar halakarwa wayo mafarauci. Apollo, Atamis san girman kai a cikin hira tambaye daidaito na ta archery kuma ga gwaji da shawarar cewa ta yi kokarin buga wani m duhu batu, hango a cikin tẽku ruwaye. Goddess sauƙi sun jimre da aiki, ba da sanin cewa wani batu da ya kasance shugaban Orion, wanda ya yanke shawarar ya dauki wani tsoma.

Ba da da ewa, Atamis san cewa shi ne mai kisankan ya ƙaunataccen. Orion makoki, ta yi wa'adi ko da yaushe tuna da shi da kuma sanya shi cikin taurari. Saboda haka haskaka a sama Orion - da ƙungiyar taurari. Myths gaya game da makomar wani embodiment na gwarzo. A cewar daya daga version, a cikin bege na zama mijinta kyakkyawa Merope ya soke suka yi yaƙi da namomin jeji cewa barazanar da mazaunan tsibirin Chios. Fatattakar duk, duk da haka, ya ba su samun yarinya, kuma aka kama, kuma Ya makantar da mahaifinta. Bayan ganawa da Helios mayar Orion gani, amma bayan wani lokaci, aka kashe fushi Atamis - majiɓinci, saint dabbobi.

da-alama

Saboda haka, shi ya dubi kamar Orion ƙungiyar taurari a yau, shi yana gani kuma da yawa dubban shekaru da suka wuce. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin wani sarari suKe Figures, na kunshe a cikin kasida "Almagest" Klavdiya Ptolemeya, ya tashi daga game da 140 AD. Hankali da aka ba wa tsoho Orion ne ba ta hanyar kwatsam: da ƙungiyar taurari ne cike da haske abubuwa, daidai da bayyane, daga ƙasã, kuma wannan janyo hankalin da m idanu. Modern malamai ma ba kewaye da sama image gefe. Mutane da yawa daga cikin abubuwa, wanda aka located nan, an quite da kyau a san.

The biyu haske taurari a cikin ƙungiyar taurari na Orion - shi ne Rigel da Betelgeuse. Mayar da hankali kan wadannan biyu da maki, shi ne mai sauki gano a cikin sama silhouette na wani mafarauci gaba daya.

alpha Orionis

Betelgeuse a Larabci tana nufin "da hamata". Star sunan fili ya bayyana wurinta. Bright batu da aka sanya a dama hamata na mafarauci. A hantsinta na Betelgeuse goma sha biyar sau dubu fiye da rana. The girma na star fiye da kewayewa daga Mars. Wannan shi ne ja supergiant, rabu da mu a nesa na 540-650 haske-shekara. A nasa ne a semiregular m star, canza a kan lokaci ta gani kwanyarsa. Tazara ta wannan canji Betelgeize - daga 0.4 zuwa 1.3 girma, da kuma asali zamani yana 6 shekaru.

beta Orionis

Duk da cewa alpha ne kawai Betelgeuse, shi ne ba da haske batu, wanda ya ƙunshi wani hoto na ƙungiyar taurari Orion. Rigel (Larabci for "kafar") ya wuce shi da wannan siga. Luminosity na star mafi hasken rana kamar 130.000 sau da nisa daga gare shi ba ne (bisa ga daban-daban kimomi) tsakanin 700 da kuma 900 haske shekaru. Rigel - da mafi kusa star to Duniya, da ciwon da irin wannan babbar luminosity. Kayayyakin girma - 0,12.

Rigel - a blue-fari supergiant, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare daga cikin star tsarin. Abõkinsa a Rigel ne da yawa na baya haske: ta bayyana girma da aka kiyasta a 6.7. A nisa tsakanin biyu aka gyara ne game 2200 AU. Da kusanci zuwa ga haske supergiant Rigel ya sa ya yiwu shawara a kawo nesa kusa. A tsarin yana da wani uku bangaren - Rigel C.

short rai

Irin wannan star a cikin ƙungiyar taurari na Orion ne Betelgeuse da Rigel, saboda ta massiveness da kuma babbar luminosity wanzuwa ga mun gwada short zama. A shekaru biyu abubuwa ne kiyasta a game da miliyan 10 shekaru: suna da yawa, matasa, fiye da Sun, wanda yana da fiye da 4.5 biliyan shekaru .. Har da shekaru mu duniya, za su ba za su iya tsira. Babban taro, wanda halitta wani gagarumin girma matsin inganta sosai m kuna-man fetur ciki taurari. A sakamakon haka, da zuciyar fadi a kan lokaci, zama wani neutron. Tare da shi yi karo da recoil lokacin da hulda tare da wata babbar waje harsashi gudu. Akwai zai zama na biyu irin supernova fashewa.

A irin wannan rabo na jiransu da Rigel da Betelgeuse. A lokacin da manyan canje-canje fashewar mafarauci adadi a cikin sama sha idan aka kwatanta da abin da ya kama da Orion ƙungiyar taurari ne a yanzu. Rushewar Rigel za a share daga ƙasa, dare da rana. babbar star zai zama kamar kwata watã, hankali Fading kuma su juya a inconspicuous tabo. Betelgeuse, bisa ga masana kimiyya, zai rayu har a kalla shekara dubu biyu bayan da fashewa ne ta size gasa tare da Moon. A irin wannan star shi zai šauki ba fãce a 'yan makonni, sa'an nan kuma sõmammu. Duk da haka, wadannan abubuwan da suka faru - da m nan gaba, yayin da taurari masu haske a cikin ƙungiyar taurari Orion ya ci gaba da murna da mu tare da haske.

Shiyyar

A ƙungiyar taurari hada da babban yawan asterisms (da kyau a bayyane star kungiyoyin da ciwon raba tarihi sunayen). Godiya ga daya daga cikinsu, da ƙungiyar taurari na Orion duka biyu yara da manya zama sauƙi recognizable a kusan kowane lokaci na shekara. Wannan mafarauci bel, kunsha na uku fairly mai haske taurari Mintaka (Delta, daga cikin Larabci "bel"), Alnitak (Zeta, fassara nufin "lu'u-lu'u bel") da kuma Alnilam (Epsilon, "abin ɗamara"). Asterism kuma ana kiranta da suna "Uku Sarakuna" ko "rake". Uku mai haske maki samar da wata ma m mike layin da aka rabu da juna a daidai nisa. Idan kudu-maso-gabashin gefen line ci gaba, shi zai nuna Shi'ira - da haske star a cikin dare sama. A arewa maso yammacin na line za a iya kara zuwa Aldebaran - ja star a Taurus.

sheaf

Recognizable silhouette na ƙungiyar taurari halitta da asterism kira da Sheaf ko malam. An kafa ta 'yan taurari masu haske: Betelgeuse Rigel, Bellatrix (gamma) Alnitak, Mintaka da Saif (kappa).

Gamma Orionis - da uku haske star na cikin wani sarari suKe adadi. A nasa ne a aji na fari da kuma shudi giant yana bayyana girma na 1,64. sarari abu luminosity rãnã wuce a 4000 sake, amma da salla, kuma radius ba kamar yadda ban sha'awa. Na farko shi ne game 9 wt rana, da kuma na biyu siga ne mafi girma daga cikin daidai halayyar mu haske kawai 5.7 sau. By shekaru kama Bellatrix Rigel da Betelgeuse. Wannan matasa star na haskawa riga miliyan 10. Years. Masana kimiyya hango ko hasashen shi juya cikin wani ja giant yana da 'yan shekaru miliyan.

White kuma blue star Saif ne kamar guda nesa daga Earth kamar yadda Rigel, amma bayyana yawa dimmer saboda da cewa babban ɓangare na da makamashi ne jefarwa a cikin ganuwa kewayo. Saif mafi hasken rana luminosity zuwa 5500 sau, kuma diamita - 11 sau.

Babban makami

Takobi ba kasa sanannun asterism, wanda alfahari da ƙungiyar taurari Orion. Students ya qunshi biyu star - θ da ι (theta da kuma kadan,) da kuma Great Nebula Orion.

Theta ne a mahara star tsarin kunshi hudu aka gyara na da haske, kuma wannan adadin na kasa m. Sai suka samar da wani kananan quadrangle, da aka sani da Trapezium. Wannan shi ne wani fairly matasa sarari abubuwa kafa daga interstellar gas da kuma kura. The abu ga haske shiga daga gaibi girgije mamaye gabashin ɓangare na ƙungiyar taurari. Wannan ne Great Nebula na Orion.

"Gagarumi gandun daji"

A karaya makamai mafarauci ne shimfiɗar jariri, da nan gaba taurari. Orion Nebula ko M42 - mahaifar babban yawan sarari abubuwa. Shi ya ta'allaka ne game da 1500 m-shekara tafi, duk da haka, idan so, shi za a iya gani da ido tsirara. Don yin wannan, dubi yankin a karkashin da bel na Orion. M42 kama wani kananan hancin gurtsun dabino kama wani tauraro mai wutsiya. A hotuna ma yi tare da taimakon m nesa, da nebula aka karin a da kyau. An sani a cikin wannan harka ba kawai domin ta m girma da kuma wani m haske. Akwai da yawa ake kira gagarumi Nurseries, inda hasken nan gaba suna kafa. Shi ne mafi kusa ga mu kamar yankin. Daga sauran gagarumi Nurseries Great Nebula a Orion ne halin da cewa akwai wani girgije na gas, da ƙura kusan ba ya tsoma baki da nazari na star samuwar tsari. Saboda wannan kusan duk zamani ilmi game da samuwar taurari kõma daga lura da M42.

baki rami

Orion ƙungiyar taurari taswirar kwanan nan suna goyon bayan wani ban sha'awa abu dake kusa da Trapezium. Nazarin ya nuna cewa a cikin juyin halitta daga cikin M42 nebula faru a manyan yawan collisions na taurari, wanda na iya haifar da samuwar wani baki rami, wucewa da rãnã da nauyi sau ɗari. Wannan zato ne a kyau kwarai yarjejeniya da bayanai a kan high-gudun halayyar da taurari da cewa yin up Orion Trapezium. Idan da wanzuwar wata black rami aka tabbatar, shi zai zama mafi kusa ga hasken rana tsarin kama abu.

doki kai

Siffofi kama dabbobi, ya bambanta da kawai ƙungiyar taurari a sararin sama. Orion ne sananne ga wani nebula da ake kira "Horsehead Nebula" (ko B33). Yana a zahiri kama da siffar da doki da kai. Da ikon ganin wata hujja shaci mu wajibi lighting, wanda halitta wani nebula, bauta da backdrop ga "doki ta kai". B33 da kanta ba emit haske, shi da dangantaka da wani absorbent nebulae. Haka kuma, a cikin rashi na m bango zai zama sosai talauci a bayyane. Kuma a halin yanzu yanayi tare da aiki na gano shi iyawa kowane na'urar, saboda "doki kai" sanya wani irin alama serviceability da kuma daidaito na kayan aiki.

na nuna haske

Description of abin da ya kama da Orion ƙungiyar taurari, ba zai zama cikakken ba tare da ambatar ko da wani yawan nebulae sukan yi watsi da masu bincike saboda ta ƙananan m magana. Wannan ake kira gani nebulae. Hakika, da suka rasa a kan haske M42, amma duk da haka ne wasu amfani. Nebula NGC 1977, NGC 1975 da kuma NGC 1973 suna located in takobin Orion dan kadan arewa na M42. Saboda da tunani na haske ta interstellar ƙura haske matasa taurari, wadannan nebulae da bluish launi a cikin hotuna. Hotunan dauka nesa uku nebula duhu yankunan rabu da gefen da hasken m watsi hydrogen atoms samar da wata silhouette a guje mutum - daya sauƙi recognizable image a cikin ƙungiyar taurari Orion.

haske ne haife

Rashin dubi kyau nebula "harshen wuta" (ta sauran sunan - "Tocilan"). Wannan shi ne wani wuri inda shi ne kullum haife sabon star a cikin ƙungiyar taurari Orion. A cikin hotunan, shi yayi kama da harshen wuta: glowing girgije, da duhu faci kama wuta. Nebula "Tocilan" ne dake kusa da Sigma Orionis da shi ne alama. A nesa daga mu zuwa cikin shimfiɗar jariri, da matasa taurari ne game da dubu haske-shekara.

A ƙungiyar taurari Orion, da watsuwar abin da aka bai sama, an dauki daya daga cikin mafi kyau wani sarari suKe images. Bright taurari da dokoki da shi, da damar da silhouette na mythical mafarauci zama m kusan kullum. Godiya ga su guda, da zarar kirga da wuri daga cikin masu sa ido za su taba yin tambayoyi game da yadda za a gano wuri da ƙungiyar taurari Orion. Ga mai son ilmin Taurari a cikin wannan wani sarari suKe adadi ne m, da kuma cewa da yawa daga cikin abubuwa masu samuwa domin kai tsaye nazarin ido tsirara. Sauran aka gyara, kamar ɓangare na Great Orion Nebula, za a iya lura da kananan kawo nesa kusa ko binopkulari.