Mene ne izni da kuma yadda yin lissafi da shi?

Kafin ka samu ƙãre part, da preform yin da yawa daban-daban ayyukan. Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci shi ne tabbatar da dalilin da izni ga aiki. Its size - ne bambanci tsakanin size na workpiece da size da bayani a cikin zane. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu koyi cewa irin wannan wani allowance da kuma yadda za a lissafta shi.

daban na alawus

Oversize - a Layer na karfe wanda aka cire daga surface na workpiece ya sami ƙãre part. Wannan shi ne zama dole domin tabbatar da daidaito da ake bukata size da ake bukata ingancin da workpiece surface. Mun gano cewa, irin wannan wani izni, amma yanzu san abin da suke ta bambance-bambancen karatu. Dangane da hanyar da Manufacturing wani bangaren, da alawus na iya zama tsaka-tsaki, kuma mezhduoperatsionnymi na kowa. Matsayin mai mulkin, da karshen aka lasafta ta ƙara mezhduoperatsionnyh. A izni za a iya lasafta a matsayin wani size, da kuma a gefe.

Daga abin da darajar dogara?

Mun riga gano cewa, irin wannan wani izni, amma yanzu mun koyi abin da dalilai na iya dogara a kan ta size. A farko wuri, ba shakka, da fasaha sharuddan surface inganci da daidaito na sassa. Bugu da ƙari, cikin girman na allowance ya dogara da sanyi da kuma bayani na ta size. Wani muhimmin factor influencing da zabi darajar - wani irin samar. Kada mu manta game da kafuwa bayani a cikin na'urar kuskure.

A lissafi na allowance a hanyoyi biyu

Mun gano cewa, irin wannan wani izni, kuma abin da dalilai shafi ta size, kuma a yanzu sani yadda za a lissafta shi. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu: ilimin kididdiga (tebur) da hikimar tantance (da mazauna). Origin ƙaddara da jihar Standards, kuma daidai da dogara a kan irin workpiece da aiki hanya. Da farko, domin yin lissafi da girman da izni ga sarrafa ilimin kididdiga hanya, wajibi ne a samar da wani workpiece machining hanya. Bugu da ari, masana'antu tolerances an sanya fasaha mulki. Yanzu, bisa ga Tables, tare da daidai abubuwa an sanya GOSTs allowance R _z kuma h. Bugu da ƙari kuma, shi wajibi ne yin lissafi da darajar total na sarari kurakurai. Fasaha allowance lasafta tabular hanya, wajibi ne a fara yin lissafi daga karshe mika mulki, wato, a baya domin na tsari.

Don lissafi da allowance hikimar tantance Hanyar yin amfani da wadannan dabara.

Domin cylindrical saman:

Domin lebur saman:

inda:

• R _z - microroughness darajar.
• h - zurfin aibi Layer.
• ρ _i-1 - darajar total na sarari sabawa.
• ε _i - workpiece saitin kuskure.
• i - izni ga wannan aiki.

Intermediate alawus ga machining (m) ana lasafta tare da wani sosai high ainihin - to a micrometer, da kuma bukatar samar da Ƙididdigar sama.

Ko da yake wasu irin allowance da aka lasafta, shi ne kuma dole a yi la'akari da cewa da darajar dole ne ƙetare m guntu kauri, wanda daukan yankan kayan aiki a cikin dabara aiwatar mataki. Hakika, a wasu yanayi da kuma a cikin daban-daban iri iri na sarrafa wani workpiece vyshenapisannogo dabarbari iya bambanta dan kadan. Alal misali, daga dabara zurfin aibi Layer an cire ta izni (h _i-1) ga nika bayan zafi magani, tun a cikin wannan harka da surface Layer dole ne a kiyaye.