Tarihi na Crimean: sunan, bayanin, hoto

Akwai wasu lokuta da dama ko wasanni na iya yin gasa tare da kasancewa cikin ƙirjin yanayi? Wane ne ya ƙi jin dadin cikakken 'yanci, ya numfasa iska mai tsabta, mai cikakke tare da kayan yaji da ganye?

Rashin hankalinka daga damar da za ka tuntubi yanayi sau da yawa shine kyauta don amfanin da aka samu ta hanyar cigaban kimiyya da fasaha. Daga shekara zuwa shekara akwai ƙananan wurare da ƙananan da za su adana bayyanar su. Tambayar da aka shafa ta haifar da haihuwar yawon shakatawa, wanda ke kula da abin da yake taimakawa wajen tsara al'adun gargajiya. Ba tare da kula ba, ba za ku iya barin wuraren ajiya da filin shakatawa na Crimea ba.

Tsarin dabi'a na Crimean: halitta

Kusan shekaru ɗari sun shude tun lokacin da aka kafa kundin tsarin Crimean. A shekara ta 1913 ne gwamnati ta tsai da shawarar haifar da "Rundunar Harkokin Kasuwanci". Bugu da} ari, irin wa] annan kayayyakin fasaha irin su bison, dawakun Dagestani, Corsican moufflon, goat, wanda ya fito ne a yankin.

Wani shekaru 10 sun wuce. Bukatun da suka shafi abubuwan juyin juya halin sun mutu kadan, yakin basasa ya mutu. Kwamitin Kasuwanci na Ƙungiyar Jama'a na Soviet ya ba da Dokar musamman game da canji na tsohon gidan sarauta a cikin ajiya. Da farko, ƙasarsa tana da yanki 16,000 hectares, amma a ƙarshen 1923 ya karu da kadada 7,000. Nature reserves da kasa Parks na Crimea aka ƙara jawo vacationers da suke goyon bayan ecotourism.

A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, tsararren ya canza matsayinsa, tare da hannunsa na Khrushchev ya zama yankin da aka yi garkuwa da jihar Crimean, inda manyan jami'ai ke iya zama. A shekarar 1991, Gwamnatin Ukrainian SSR ta rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya, ta godiya ga wanda ƙasar ta sake komawa cikin tsari. An located a tsakiyar wani rukuni na tsaunukan tsaunuka a ƙarƙashin sunan suna na babban kullun Crimean. A yau, filin shakatawa na Crimea yana da kusan kadada 33,4,000.

Climate da flora na ajiye

Yanayin yanayi na Tsarin Crimean ba za a iya kiransu barga ba. Babban tasiri a kan wannan batu shine bayyanar dutsen dutse da zonality. Alal misali, a yankin mafi girma, yanayin zafi mara kyau za'a iya gudanar dashi har zuwa watanni hudu a shekara. A cikin tsaunukan tsaunuka masu haɗuwa na sama suna da yawa (fiye da millimita 1000 a kowace shekara), godiya ga maɓuɓɓugar koguna na Crimea sun fito a tsakiyar cibiyar, ciki har da Tavelchuk, Alma, Kacha da sauransu. A cikin tsaunukan tsaunuka na Crimean kusan kusan dari uku. Yawancin su na da damuwa, musamman ma sanannen marigayi na Savlukh-Su - ruwanta ya cika da ions azurfa.

Gudun da ke cikin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin kariya na jihar yana da bambanci, yawan jinsunan sun wuce 1200. Dangane da haka, gandun dajin suna girma daga juna, inda daya daga cikin jinsunan jinsunan da aka lissafa sune:

• Pine Crimean da Scotch Pine;
• Oak;
• Hornbeam;
• Beech.

Ba zai yiwu a yi la'akari da muhimmancin gandun daji na wannan yanki na kare ba dangane da kare ƙasa da kiyaye albarkatun ruwa. Ba duk mutanen gari ba sun san abin da wuraren shakatawa na kasa ke cikin Crimea.

Wane ne ke zaune a cikin babban garken Crimea?

Kwayoyin dabbobi suna wakiltar fiye da nau'in jinsin. Da kyau ko yarinya, wanda ya fito ne daga 'yar kuliya na Crimean, ba zai haifar da mamaki ba. Jin jin dadin jin jinin baki, whiteheads da owls, wanda akwai nau'in jinsuna. Jihar na kare nau'in hamsin da biyu na dabbobi, kuma talatin an lissafta a cikin Red Book of Turai. Daga cikinsu akwai:

• Stork baƙar fata ne;
• Bustard;
• Jirgin yana da launin toka;
• Owl;
• Ƙungiyar Crimean;
• Starling ruwan hoda da sauransu. D.

Koguna na yanki masu kariya ba zasu iya karuwa da yawancin nau'in tsuntsayen ruwa ba. Amma a cikinsu akwai irin kifi irin su Crimean barbel da kwafi. Babu sassan sassan duniya wanda za ka iya saduwa da wani ruwan sha. Tsarin yanayi da wuraren shakatawa na kasar Crimea dukiya ce ga dukan mutane, sabili da haka mutane su kula da irin wadannan wurare masu ban sha'awa.

A nan, musamman ga masu yawon shakatawa, hanyoyi masu tasowa da wuraren wasanni sun kasance a cikin lokaci. Duk wanda yake so ya samu matsahi na saba da arziki yanayi na Crimea, wata dama ta musamman ga shi da idona.

Yankin Yalta Mountain Forest Reserve

Shekarar 1973 don tanadi shi ne kadada dubu 146. Abin da ke ajiye wuraren shakatawa na kasa yana cikin Crimea, yana motsa masu yawa masu hutu. A zamanin Soviet, wannan yanki shine babban wurin kiwon lafiyar, saboda haka mutane suna mamaki ko akwai sassan gandun daji da tsabtace muhalli a yau.

A kan gangaren duwatsu na wannan tsire-tsire masu tsayi suna girma - Crimean da na pine pine. An yi maye gurbin katako na itacen oak da beech sau da yawa a karkashin ragowar, wanda ya kunshi wakiltar Rumun. Kuma wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda yanayin da ke karkashin kafa yana daidai da a cikin Rumunan Rum. Mafi girman hawan, mafi mahimmanci bambanci.

Tsire-tsire masu kariya na ajiya

Yawan nau'in shuke-shuke da ke buƙatar kariya daga jihar daidai 78. Ga wasu daga cikinsu:

• Adenophore Crimean;
• Adianum (ko gashi venene);
• Strawberry kananan-fruited;
• Juniper high .
• Cedar Crimson;
• Peony Crimean;
• Crimean violet;
• Bieberstein fatalwa da sauransu.

Haka kuma irin wadannan nau'in da suka zama yadu ne kawai a cikin yanki mai kare (kalmar kimiyya - "nau'in jinsunan"), misali:

• Convolvulus;
• Cloves suna low;
• Geraniums na Crimea;
• Dubrovnik Yailinsky;
• Crimean peony, da dai sauransu.

Irin wa] annan wuraren shakatawa na Crimea ya kamata a kare su ta musamman. Za'a iya samun jerin sunayen filin shakatawa a cikin wannan labarin.

Yanayin ajiyewa

A sparse ciyawa ko rarrafe a kan duwatsu masu tsanani dabbobi masu rarrafe: Crimean lizard, Crimean gecko skids, gilashin-lizard (legless lizard), copperhead (colubridae na iyali). A karkashin kariya mai kariya ta jihar akwai dabbobi daga jinsin mawaki: batts, dork dare, dawaki da garuruwa.

Za a iya la'akari da girman kai na Yalta Reserve wato Ai-Petri, ruwan ruwa na Wuchang-Su (wanda yake da nisan kilomita 8 daga Yalta), kogin da ke tsibirin Ai-Petri, watau Lardi (ko a cikin harshen Turkic na Shaitan-Merdven).

Ma'aikata na Yalta Reserve suna kulawa da hankali ga ilmantar da jama'a a cikin al'amurran muhalli. Wannan burin na aiki ne ta hanyoyi da hanyoyi na muhalli don duk waɗanda suke so karin bayani game da abubuwan da ke cikin gida. Gundumar filin wasa na Crimea suna karuwa sosai. Sunan sunayen wadannan wurare sun amince da su a zamanin Jakadancin Amurka. Yana da muhimmanci a kula da waɗannan wurare a hankali, don haka kakanninmu za su iya godiya ga kyakkyawan kyan gani na Rasha.

Azov-Sivash National Nature Park

Wannan wurin yana kusa da shekaru ashirin da suka wuce - a 1993. Kafin wannan, akwai wurin ajiyar Azov-Sivash. Kodayake an yi la'akari da wuraren shakatawa na Crimean, duk da haka, wani sashi yana cikin yankin Kherson. A wasu kalmomi, yana zaune a bakin yammacin bakin tekun Azov tare da yankin 57,400 hectares.

Yankin zaki na wurin shakatawa yana kan tudun ruwa mai suna Biruchiy Island da wasu kananan tsibiran dake kusa. Kusan kashi hamsin nau'o'in nau'in tsuntsaye wadanda ke zaune a filin ajiye motocin Azov-Sivash sun shiga littafin Red Book. Hakika, ba za a iya kwatanta babban filin shakatawa na Crimea da wannan ƙasa ba.

Shafin Farko na Cape Martyan

Idan ka fitar da kadan to gabas daga cikin shahararrun Nikita Botanical Gardens, shi ne dole hanyar saduwa ajiye "Cape-Marian." Dukkan yanki, ciki har da ruwa na Black Sea, yana da kadada 240. An ba shi matsayi a 1973, kodayake jihar ta dawo da shi a shekarar 1947.

Kasuwancin kasuwancin kujerun shi ne gandun daji, inda akalla ɗari biyar nau'in ciyayi suke girma, mafi yawancin nau'arsu ne a cikin Rumunan. Sunan "Strawberry tree red" (ko "Strawberry small-fruited") za'a iya samuwa a cikin Red International International. Ita ce mafi kyawun wakilin gidan bishiyoyi waɗanda suka fi girma, wadanda aka samo su a gabashin Turai nahiyar. Wannan kuma filin shakatawa ne na Crimea, saboda haka ga mazaunan da tsire-tsire na wannan yanki ana bi da su a hanya ta musamman.

Ranar "Lebyazhyi Ostrov"

A cikin Karkinitsky Bay - wani ɓangare na Bahar Black, wanda ke kusa da bakin teku na kudancin Crimean - akwai yankunan Lebyazhy da kuma ajiya da sunan daya. Gidansa yana da kilomita 9612.

Tsarin yana cikin ɓangaren yanayin, inda tsuntsaye suka tashi daga Turai zuwa kudu (zuwa Asiya, Afrika). Tsibirin da aka zaba ta hanyar cormorants, flamingos, herring gulls, herons kuma mafi. D. Domin gina su yi sheƙarsu. Gaba ɗaya har zuwa 265 nau'in tsuntsaye.

Kowane mutum ya ziyarci wuraren shakatawa na Crimea, wanda aka lissafa a cikin wannan labarin. Wadannan wurare suna sha'awar da mamaki da dabi'arta.