Menene sunan da look na mu Galaxy. Sunan taurari a cikin galaxy

Taurarin sama tun daga lokacin da ya janyo hankulan mutane ta views. A mafi kyau zukatan dukkan al'ummai sun yi kokarin fahimtar da mu wuri a cikin sararin samaniya, tunanin da kuma gaskata ta na'urar. Kimiyya ci gaba ya yarda su tafi a binciko sararin expanses na halittu daga romantic da kuma addini gina wa Azancin tabbatar theories, dangane da yawa gaskiyane abu. Yanzu, kowane dalibi yana da wani tunani na abin da ya kama mu galaxy bisa ga kwanan nan karatu, wanda, me ya sa, da kuma lokacin da ya yi mata irin wannan poetic sunan, da kuma abin da yake ta kiyasta nan gaba.

Asalin sunan

Kalmar "Milky Way", a gaskiya, a tautology. Galactikos a wajen fassara daga Girkanci nufin "Milky". Saboda haka mazaunan Peloponnese aka kira wani tari na taurari a cikin dare sama, riqon ta asalin to Hera rashin tsoro aljanna ba ya so ya ciyar da Heracles, wani shege dan na Zeus, kuma a cikin fushi squirt nono. Saukad da kuma kafa wani gagarumi hanya gani a sarari dare da rana. A karni daga baya, masana kimiyya ya gano cewa ya lura duniya - kawai ta rage wani kankanin na data kasance wani sarari suKe jikinsu. A sarari na sararin samaniya, wanda shi ne wannan duniya tamu, sai suka ba da sunan Galaxy ko Milky Way tsarin. Bayan gaskatãwa ga zato akan wanzuwar wasu irin kungiyoyin a sarari farko ya zama wani ajali a gare su a duniya.

ciki view

Kimiyya da ilmi game da tsarin da sararin samaniya, ciki har da hasken rana tsarin, kadan aka ɗauke ta daga zamanin d Helenawa. Fahimtar yadda mu galaxy kama, sun samo asali ne daga wani mai siffar zobe sararin samaniya na Aristotle da zamani theories a cikinsa akwai sarari baki ramukan da kuma duhu al'amarin.

Gaskiyar cewa Earth - tsarin kashi Milky Way, ya sanya wasu hani a kan waɗanda suke ƙoƙarin gane abin da irin siffar ne mu galaxy. Ga wani unambiguous amsar wannan tambaya na bukatar a view daga waje, da kuma a wata babbar nesa daga abu na kallo. Yanzu kimiyya da aka hana irin wannan yiwuwar. A irin gurbin da waje Kiyayewa zama tarin galaxy tsarin da bayanan da su hulda da sigogi na sauran sarari-tushen tsarin, don binciken.

The tattara bayanai da damar mu mu ce tare da amincewa da cewa mu galaxy yana da wani Disc siffar da wani kumbura (kumbura) a tsakiyar da kuma diverging daga tsakiyar karkace makamai. A karshen dauke da haske star tsarin. diamita na Disc ne fiye da 100,000 haske-shekara.

tsarin

Galactic Center aka boye ta hanyar interstellar turɓãya, wanda yana toshe koyon tsarin. Taimaka jimre da matsala da hanyoyin da rediyo ilmin taurari. A takamaiman wavelengths iya shawo kan duk wani cikas da kuma ba da wani yawa ake so image. Our Galaxy, da data samu, a da iri-irin tsarin.

Conventionally, akwai biyu hade kashi tare da juna: Halo da ta dace Disc. A farko subsystem yana da wadannan halaye:

• da siffar ne Sphere.

• an dauke su zama cibiyar na kumbura.
• cincirindo star Halo halayyar ta tsakãtsaki ce part, tare da m da gefuna da yawa ne ƙwarai rage.
• juyawa daga cikin galaxy zone wajen rage.
• da Halo samu yafi tsohon taurari da mun gwada low nauyi.
• babba sarari subsystems cika da duhu al'amarin.

Galactic faifai na star yawa ne mafi girma daga cikin Halo. The hannayen riga hadu da matasa da kuma ma kawai kunno kai sarari abubuwa.

Cibiyar da core

"Zuciya" na Milky Way ne a cikin ƙungiyar taurari na Sagittarius. Ba tare da nazari shi da wuya a fahimci abin da mu galaxy. Sunan "core" a kimiyya ayyukan, ko ya shafi kawai ga tsakiyar yankin tare da diamita na 'yan parsecs, ko ya hada da wani kumbura, kuma a gas zobe, wanda ke dauke da haifuwa na taurari. Next, a farko embodiment zai yi amfani da kalmar.

A tsakiyar Milky Way ba readily shiga bayyane haske: ya aka fuskanci wani babban yawan cosmic ƙura boyewa da look na mu galaxy. Hotuna da images, dauka a infrared wavelengths, Masana ilmin ƙwarai fadada ilmi game da kwaya.

Data a kan radiation musamman a cikin tsakiyar ɓangare na Galaxy sa masana kimiyya ya yi imani da cewa a cikin zuciyar da zuciyar mai baki rami. Its taro ne fiye da miliyan 2.5 sau da taro na rãnã. Kusa da wannan abu, bisa ga bincike, shi ne juya daya more, amma kasa da ban sha'awa a cikin sigogi, da baki rami. Yanzu ilmi game da fasali na tsarin da halittu bayar da shawarar cewa wadannan abubuwa ne a tsakiyar mafi yawan taurari.

Haske da duhu

A hada da tasiri na baki ramuka a kan motsi na taurari kawo game da canje-canje a cikin look na mu galaxy: shi take kaiwa zuwa takamaiman canje-canje a cikin falakinsu da basamaniyai uncharacteristically, misali, a kusa da hasken rana tsarin. A nazarin wadannan trajectories da rabo daga cikin velocities da nisa daga galactic cibiyar ta'allaka a kafuwar yanzu ana tasowa da ka'idar duhu al'amarin. A yanayi na da dogon tana tattare a cikin asiri. A gaban duhu al'amari, mai yiwuwa ɗumbin mafiya bangaren na dukkan kwayoyin halitta a cikin sararin samaniya da aka rubuta kawai a kan sakamakon nauyi kawai a kan falaki.

Idan ya kore duk cosmic ƙura cewa boyewa daga mu da zuciyar ganinsu bude wani mai daukan hankali hoto. Duk da taro na duhu al'amari, wannan bangare na sararin duniya ya cika da haske, wanda ake jefarwa da wata babbar yawan taurari. Daya naúrar na sarari su ne daruruwan sau fi kusa da rana. Aƙalla goma biliyan na su samar da galactic mashaya, ma kira wata gada, ba quite da saba form.

Space goro

A binciken da cibiyar da tsarin a cikin dogon zangon yiwuwa a sami cikakken infrared image. Our galaxy, kamar yadda ya juya waje, a cikin nucleus din yana da wani tsarin reminiscent na kirki ba a cikin kwasfa. Wannan "goro", kuma yana da jumper, wanda ya hada da fiye da miliyan 20 ja Refayawa (mai haske, amma kasa zafi taurari). Daga cikin iyakar da mashaya bamban ta karkace makamai na Milky Way.

Aiki da alaka ga gano "gyada" a cikin cibiyar na hasken rana tsarin, ba kawai don su zubar da haske a kan yadda za mu galaxy tsarin, amma kuma taimake mu fahimci yadda shi ya samo asali. Da farko, a cikin sarari na halittu akwai wani asali faifai, wanda ya kafa wata gada a kan lokaci. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar da ciki matakai na hana canza halittarsa, kuma ya kasance wani sauti kamar wani goro.

Our gidan ne a kan sarari map

Active star samuwar faruwa a gada, da kuma a cikin karkace makamai, wanda yana da mu galaxy. Sunan da aka ba su a cikin taurari, wanda mãkirci rassan da aka samu: Perseus Arm, Cygnus, Centaurus, Sagittarius da Orion. Kusa da karshen (a nesa ba kasa da 28 dubu haske shekaru daga tsakiya) da kuma shi ne hasken rana tsarin. Wannan yankin yana da wasu halaye, kamar yadda masana, sun sanya yiwu fitowan da rai a duniya.

Galaxy da mu da hasken rana tsarin juya tare da shi. Dokokin na motsi na mutum aka gyara a cikin wannan yanayin ne ba iri daya ba. A manyan yawan taurari a sau shi ne wani ɓangare daga cikin karkace rassan, shi ne rabu da su. Kawai fitilu a kan iyakar corotation da'irar, ba sa irin wannan "tafiya." Wadannan sun hada da rãnã, kare daga m matakai da ake kullum faruwa a cikin hannayen riga. Ko kadan kawar da zai negate duk sauran abũbuwan amfãni ga ci gaban da kwayoyin a wannan duniya tamu.

Sama da Diamonds

Rana - kawai daya daga masu yawa irin wannan jikin, wanda yake cike da mu galaxy. Stars, guda ko harhada, jimlar yawan wuce latest bayanai 400 biliyan. A mafi kusa zuwa gare mu, Proxima Centauri, shi ne wani ɓangare na wani tsarin na uku da taurari da kadan mafi m Alpha Centauri A kuma Alpha Centauri B. The haske aya daga cikin dare sama, Shi'ira A, shi ne a Canis Major. Its luminosity bisa ga daban-daban kafofin fiye da hasken rana a 17-23 sau. Shi'ira kuma ba shi kadai, ya aka tare da wani tauraron dan adam, qazanta da irin wannan sunan, amma da alama B.

Yara sau da yawa fara samun Masana yadda mu galaxy kama, tare da wani search a cikin sama ko Arewa Star Alpha Ursa Ƙananan. Da shahararsa shi bashin matsayi sama da Arewa iyakacin duniya na Duniya. Luminosity iyakacin duniya muhimmanci mafi girma fiye da Shi'ira (kusan dubu biyu sau fiye da hasken rana), amma shi ba zai iya kalubalanci dama na Alpha Canis Major take daga cikin mafi daukan hankali saboda nesa daga ƙasa (kiyasta a tsakanin 300 da kuma 465 haske shekaru).

daban na taurari

Taurãri ne ba kawai da luminosity da kuma nesa daga Kiyayewa. Kowane dangana ga wani daraja (ya yi daidai da naúrar aka dauka rãnã saitin), da mataki na surface dumama, launi.

A mafi m girma da supergiants. Babban taro na dũkiyõyinsu a naúrar girma na daban-daban neutron taurari. Launi halaye an inextricably alaka da zazzabi:

• ja da coldest.
• dumama surface har zuwa 6 000º, kamar rana, shi samar da wani rawaya ya dafa.
• fari da kuma shudi haske yana zazzabi na fiye da 10 000º.

luminosity na star iya bambanta da kai a kalla an jima, kafin ta auka. Supernova fashewar suna yin wata babbar gudummawa ga fahimtar abin da ya kama mu Galaxy. Hotuna da wannan tsari samar nesa ne mai ban mamaki.
Tattara a kan tushen da sun gudanar da binciken sun taimaka wajen maido da tsari da ya kai ga barkewar cutar, da kuma hasashen da wani rabo yawan cosmic jikinsu.

A nan gaba na Milky Way

Our galaxy da sauran taurari ne kullum a kan tafi da mu'amala. Masana ilmin sun gano cewa Milky Way aka akai-akai cinye makwabta. Similar matakai ne ake sa ran a nan gaba. A tsawon lokaci, shi zai hada da Magellanic Cloud da kuma yawan Dwarf tsarin. A mafi ban sha'awa taron ake sa ran a cikin 3-5 shekaru biliyan. Wannan zai zama wani karo da da Andromeda, kadai makwabcin cewa yake a bayyane daga Earth da ido tsirara. A sakamakon da Milky Way zai zama elliptical galaxy.

M expanses na sarari tsanin. Layman da wuya a gane ba kawai sikelin da Milky Way, ko da dukan duniya, amma har ma da duniya. Duk da haka, godiya ga ci gaba a kimiyya ba za mu iya kwatanta a kalla wasu bangare na duniya gagarumin.