Mulkin shuke-shuke: misalai, asali din Categories da kuma halaye na su tsarin

Kwatanta din Categories shuka mulki, samar da misalai daga wadannan kwayoyin, saka da siffofin na su gine-gine ... Idan kana da wahala tare da aiwatar da wadannan ayyuka, mu labarin zai taimake ka ka fahimci wannan batun.

Ãyõyin shuka mulki

All kwayoyin cewa zauna duniya tamu, masana kimiyya sun shiga cikin mulkin yanayi. Shuke-shuke, misalai na abin da za mu tattauna a wannan talifin, suna da nasu rarrabe fasali. Da farko, shi ne autotrophic hanyar cin abinci. Kawai tsire-tsire masu iya samar da kwayoyin abubuwa da oxygen daga ruwa da carbon dioxide a gaban hasken rana. A wurin da photochemical wannan hadadden tsari kira photosynthesis, suna kore shuka kwayoyin halitta - chloroplast.

A halayyar fasali na membobin wannan mulki ne a haɗe salon, Unlimited girma, wanda ya ci gaba cikin rayuwa, da kuma gaban carbohydrate sitaci kamar yadda musanya gina jiki.

shuka systematics

-Din-din search na mulkin shuke-shuke, misalai na wanda za a yi la'akari da mu kara, su ne bisa general tsarin da ãyõyinMu. Da farko, sun ake hada a cikin ƙungiyõyi biyu: ƙananan kuma mafi girma. na farko jiki ne hada da yawa musamman Kwayoyin, wanda ba samar da kyallen takarda, da ake kira thallus. A mafi girma da wani hadadden tsarin da ganye da kuma kara.

ƙananan tsire-tsire

Wannan shi ne mafi sauki kwayoyin cewa wakilci mulkin shuke-shuke. Misalai daga gare an san duk. Wannan kelp, ko tsiren ruwan teku, sorgassum, chlamydomonas, ulothrix, Volvox, Spirogyra. Daga cikinsu akwai guda, kwayar da mulkin mallaka kwayoyin. Dukan su zauna a cikin ruwa. Baya daga cikin thallus cewa an undifferentiated jiki na algae, suna da rhizoids. Wadannan Tsarin aka jera yi aikin da tushen, amma ba samar da kyallen takarda fiye da, da kuma bambanta daga gare su. Kamar yadda ruwa kanta tana goyon bayan wani nau'i na thallus, algae ba inji nama.

mafi girma da tsire-tsire

Shuke-shuke da cewa yin up real tsokoki da kuma gabobin, an kira mafi girma. Su na farko wakilan da suka zo daga cikin ruwa zuwa ƙasar, su ne wakilan da spore. Yana mosses, kulob din mosses, horsetails da ferns. Maimakon rhizoids wasu daga cikinsu ya bayyana fibrous tushen tsarin, wanda qara katako a kan wani modified karkashin kasa mafaka. Su haifa ta hanyar sake yiwuwar tohowarsu, na sel - spores. Wani alama ne sãɓawar ƙarnõni a cikin rayuwar sake zagayowar. More wuya a sami zuriya shuke-shuke, shi ya ba da su da damar da za su mamaye duniya.

Mulkin shuke-shuke: misalai da kuma rarrabuwa

Farfagandar ta amfani da tsaba ba da shuke-shuke mafi kusantar su tsira a cikin m yanayi mazauninsu. Yi la'akari da misalin musamman conifers. Su ne wakilan da Sashen Gymnosperms. Su halayyar alama ne gaban bakin ciki ganye da kuma needles na guduro ducts a cikin akwati. A daukan hankali - da wuri da tsaba a kan mazugi Sikeli danda ko bude. Saboda haka sunan su. Hakika, kasancewa a low yanayin zafi ko rashin ruwa, ba su duk germinate. Amma, da bambanci ga shawarwari, da tsaba suna kwayar Tsarin da samun kayayyakin gina jiki - endosperm.

A wani karin m wuri ne angiosperms. Su samar da flower da 'ya'yan itace, wanda shi ne ci gaba da kuma maturation na tsaba. Wannan tsarin hidima wani ƙarin kariya, wani tushe na zafin rana da kuma iko. Angiosperms sashen hadawa biyu azuzuwan: Daya-da Dicotyledons. Tsohon da guda cotyledon a cikin tayi, fibrous tushen tsarin, sauki mikakke ganye. Wadannan sun hada da iyali na hatsi, albasa da Liliaceae. Dukan su ne herbaceous shuke-shuke saboda rashin cambium - gefe na ilimi masana'anta. More bambance bambancen da yawa bipartite. Baya ga yawan cotyledons bambanta su taproot tsarin, duka biyu hadaddun da sauki ganye, da gaban da cambium. Daga cikin su akwai kuma ganye da shrubs, da kuma itatuwa. Su ne mafi yadu Shuka Kingdom. Misalai daga cikin na kowa - ne Rosaceae, kabeji, Solanaceae, Asteraceae, Bean.

Tamanin da wakilan da shuka mulki

The darajar duk wakilan da shuka da wuya a overestimate, domin sun samar da dukan abubuwa masu rai zama dole yanayin ga rayuwar - oxygen. Algae ne fara abu domin samar da ilimin aiki abubuwa, kwayoyi, abinci Additives da dyes. Gymnosperms a san da kasancewar maras tabbas samar da muhimmanci da itace. Man ci 'ya'yan itatuwa da kuma sassa na flowering shuke-shuke.

Saboda haka, Mulkin shuke-shuke, misalai da na din-din-din fasali na wanda aka dauke a cikin wannan labarin, daban-daban daidai matsayi na ci gaba, bambancin da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwar duniya.