Rasha ba ferrous metallurgy. Labarin kasa ferrous metallurgy

The main manufofin da ba na ferrous metallurgy ne hakar kuma refining da karafa da kuma su repartition, rentals da kuma samar da gami. A Rasha, da tattalin arziki, da masana'antu taka sosai shahararren rawa. By da yawan wadanda ba ferrous karfe adibas, kasar yana daya daga cikin wurare na farko a duniya.

Babban sub-sassa

All ba ferrous karafa za a iya raba kungiyoyin biyu: m (gubar, jan, tutiya, da kuza, da dai sauransu ...) Kuma haske (aluminum, magnesium, titanium). Haka kuma, kamfanonin da masana'antu ya kasu kashi biyu manyan kungiyoyin. Har ila yau, kasar karfe masana'antu launi ne zuwa kashi:

• tagulla,
• kai da kuma tutiya.
• tin;
• cobalt-nickel.
• aluminum.
• tungsten da molybdenum.
• zinariya karafa.
• serebrodobyvayuschuyu.
• platinodobyvayuschuyu.
• titanium da magnesium.

Kunshe a cikin tsarin wannan masana'antu a matsayin maras ferrous karafa Rasha, kuma da lu'u-lu'u hakar ma'adinai kamfanin.

Sharuddan cewa ayyana labarin kasa

Jeri na ba-ferrous karafa dogara a kan wata babbar dama daban-daban na halitta da kuma tattalin arziki dalilai. Duk da haka, mafi muhimmanci iya gani,

• Raw Materials. Mafi yawa daga inda aka overlain ta canza launin tama dogara Enterprises da nauyi kungiyar. A tasiri na yanki bincike ferrous da kuma wadanda ba ferrous karafa Rasha, kamar yadda a wasu kasashe, shi ne a kai tsaye rabo.
• Energy. Wannan factor yana da babban tasiri a kan wurin da masana'antu kwarewa a cikin samar da aiki na biyu kãyã da mãsu nauyi karafa.

jan karfe masana'antu

Non-ferrous metallurgy na wannan kungiya a kasar mu ne, yafi located in Urals. Musamman a cikin yankin kasaftawa Krivogorodsky, Krasnouralsk, Mednogorsky da Sredneuralsky shuke-shuke. Tsunduma a hako ma'adinai jan a Revda Sverdlovsk yankin, a cikin Orenburg yankin da Ayya, da kuma Baymak Sibay (Bashkortostan).

Manyan kamfanonin ga hakar da kuma aiki na jan karfe wanzu a Siberia (Norilsk da Monchegorsk).

Nickel-cobalt masana'antu

Location of Enterprises da wannan kungiyar ne a wani karfi dogara a kan albarkatun kasa. Rasha da aka wakilta ba ferrous metallurgy wannan sub-kansu ne yafi metallurgical shuke-shuke yankuna, irin su:

• Kola Larabawa. A nan ana mined kuma sarrafa a cikin babban sulphide jan-nickel ores.
• Ƙananan kai na da Yenisei River. The most shuka don aiki na sulphide ores aka located a birnin Norilsk. Samar a kan wannan shuka platinum, cobalt, nickel, tagulla da kuma wasu m karafa.
• Urals. Kamfanoni a cikin yankin kware, yafi a cikin aiki da oxidized ores. Suna located a birane kamar Orsk, Verkhny Ufaley, Dir.

Gubar-tutiya masana'antu

Kamfanoni a cikin wannan kungiya suna located in:

• Arewa Ossetia (Sadonskoe filin).
• Kemerovo yankin (Salair).
• Chita yankin (Nerchinsk ajiya).
• Primorsky yankin (Dalnegorsk).

tin hakar ma'adinai masana'antu

Daidaitacce ba ferrous karafa Rasha wannan sub-kansu, yafi a wuraren da cinye ƙãre samfurin. Wasu kasuwanci ma located a cikin hanyar da mayar da hankali albarkatun kasa kai. Yana sa irin wannan labarin kasa na tattalin arziki don haka da cewa tin da aka yada da farko ta kananan adibas. Kuma haka a wannan yanayin da gina manyan tsire-tsire da su impractical. Bayan tin hakar ma'adinai masana'antu albarkatun kasa kanta tana da babban mataki na transportability.

Amma, da albarkatun da na ba-ferrous karafa sun mayar da hankali a Far East da kuma Eastern Siberia. The most Enterprises a wadannan yankuna suna dauke da shuke-shuke Sunny, Sherlovogorskaya, Hrustalnensky, Ese-Hay.

aluminum masana'antu

Babban fasali na wannan sub-kansu sun hada da yin amfani da kamfanonin kawai sosai high quality raw kayan. Boksidy mined yafi:

• arewa maso yamma (Boksitogorsk).
• Urals (Severogorsk, Krasnoustinsk, Kamensk-Uralsky).

Manyan adibas na raw kayan kamar nepheline, su ne yafi a kan Kola Larabawa (Kirovsk) da kuma a Eastern Siberia (Goryachegorsk, Achinsk).

Mafi yawa daga cikin cibiyoyin samar da haske karfe daga albarkatun kasa wajen karfi cire. Aluminum metallurgy Rasha, yana da matukar makamashi m, wakilta, yafi by Enterprises dake kusa da kafofin na araha makamashi - hydroelectric iko tashar (a Volkhov, Kandalaksha, Volgograd, Bratsk, Krasnoyarsk, Shelekhov, da dai sauransu ...).

Titanium da magnesium masana'antu

A mafi muhimmanci manufa na ajiye na Enterprises daga wannan rukuni ne ma kusanci zuwa cheap makamashi kafofin. Idan shuke-magnesium aiki zai iya har yanzu a located kusa adibas na raw kayan, da titanium gidaje kusan ko da yaushe gina kusa hydroelectric iko tashar. Yafi cibiyoyin nonferrous metallurgy Rasha wannan sub-kansu sun mayar da hankali a cikin Urals. Tsire-tsire domin aiki na gami yawanci located a yankunan na amfani na gama kayayyakin.

zinariya-karafa masana'antu

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci kungiyoyin na kamfanoni, irin masana'antu a matsayin ferrous metallurgy a Rasha. A zinariya karafa , kasar mu daukan 5-6 wuri a duniya. Bisa ga wannan tabbatar da reserves - na biyu. A tsarist Rasha da daraja karfe mined kuma sarrafa mafi yawa a cikin kusanci da alluvial adibas. A lokacin mafi yawan su an riga m. Saboda haka, babban mayar da hankali a yanzu shi ne a kan bunkasa farko adibas.

Gold faruwa yafi a Siberia, da Far East da Urals. A babbar rabo ta samar zo daga mahakar:

• Udereysky. Wannan nawa ne dake cikin Krasnodar yankin.
• Soloviev. Shi ne mafi tsufa kuma mafi girma a nawa na Amur yankin kwarewa a samar da placer zinariya.
• Nevyanovsky. Shi ne kuma mai haihuwa nawa, wanda ya bude a 1813.
• Grad. A wannan nawa aka gano farko a tarihin Rasha lu'u-lu'u.
• Ksenevsky.
• Condor. Wannan shi ne mai gwada da sabon nawa bude a 60s. Mined nan ba kawai zinariya, amma kuma platinum.
• Dambuki. Wannan ba daya, amma biyu mine: tsohon da sabon.
• Altay. Yana ci gaba fiye da shekaru 50, amma da zinariya ne har yanzu isa.

The shugaban na zinariya hakan ma'adinai masana'antu ne da nisa da OJSC "Polyus Gold", a manyan ci gaba a Irkutsk, Magadan, Amur yankuna da Krasnodar Abuja.

lu'u-lu'u hako ma'adinai

A tsarin wannan masana'antu a matsayin maras ferrous karafa Rasha, ya hada har da sha'anin, kwarewa a samar da wannan daraja ma'adinai. Babban m da reserves a kasar suna located in Yakutia. The most Enterprises daga cikin yankin ne nasara da kuma Jubilee, wanda lissafta ga 75% na dukkan Diamonds mined a Rasha. Karya kimberlite bututu a cikin:

• Arkhangelsk yankin.
• Irkutsk yankin.
• Krasnoyarsk Abuja.

Wuraren da akwai halin diamondiferous ne Leningrad yankin da kuma Karelia.

A mafi m ne ba ferrous metallurgy na Rasha a cikin wannan kungiyar, manyan ci gaban da lu'u-lu'u farko adibas. A alluvial karafa ne da za'ayi a yafi kananan kasuwanci.

Serebrodobyvayuschaya masana'antu

Labarin kasa nonferrous metallurgy wannan sub-kansu ne sosai, sosai m. Development of adibas na azurfa suna da za'ayi a cikin kasar a cikin fiye da 20 yankuna. A hakar na daraja karfe, kasar mu mukamansu farko a duniya. Dukat ne jagorancin filin na Magadan yankin.

platinum hako ma'adinai

Mafi yawa daga wannan karfe an mined a Rasha a cikin Urals. A yawa na platinum a Baikal yankin, Taimyr da Kola Larabawa. Alamar rahama a cikin wannan girmamawa ne na Karelia da Voronezh yankin.

Duk da wajen wuya tattalin arziki yanayi, ferrous da nonferrous metallurgy Rasha - tasowa, da kuma alamar masana'antu. A cikin wani hali, da kamfannoni na wannan kungiya ga mafi part zama riba. A yawa da hankali da aka bai wa karfe kamfanoni da kuma jiha.