Rashin a Solikamsk: hadari underfoot

Nuwamba 19, 2014 dukan ƙasar koyi cewa wani m sinkhole faru a Solikamsk. A kan ƙasa ne sannu a hankali Fading lambu m "key" da kafa tare da m ganuwar, kai da girman da 30 da 40 da mita. A nan, saboda baya ƙasa subsidence ya wutar lantarki da aka yanke, da kuma da yawa shafukan da aka yi watsi da tun shekarar 2005.

Me akwai kasawa a Solikamsk

Mene ne dalilin irin abubuwan da matsayi mai hatsari ga mutane? Bayan iƙirarin cewa gazawar da ya bace ga akalla daya kasa gidan, wanda ya ba tukuna watsi da gida. Kuma kamar sa'a cewa gazawar da aka kafa a cikin marigayi kaka a lokacin da lambu mãkirci sun komai.

Babban dalilin da lokaci a yankin akai-akai drawdowns da kasawa - kankara. Gaskiyar cewa a karkashin kasa akwai m yadudduka na dutse da potassium salts - mafi muhimmanci da albarkatun kasa domin samar da takin. A birnin da aka sani daga 1430, lokacin da ya fara aiki a kan narkewa daga gishiri. Tun specialization Solikamsk ceto. Gishiri hakar kuma samar da taki - wani gari-kafa masana'antu, da babban wuri na aikin da tushen samun kudin shiga na jama'a.

A daidai wannan lokaci, shi ne gishiri ya kasance daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa akwai kasawa a Solikamsk. Ruwan karkashin kasa ta soke shi, kuma a cikin ciki cavities suna kafa ƙasar. Har ila yau, voids faruwa a sakamakon hakar ma'adinai. Idan irin wannan kogo aka adjudged ruwa, wani tsari na rushe da kuma elution aka kara salts. Žata sauri kara a size. Sau da yawa rufin sama su iya ba tsayayya da kansa nauyi da ya rushe, forming a farfajiya na ƙasar dips da craters. Wadannan mamaki kira karstic tafiyar matakai.

A tarihin gishiri dips

Perm - daya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin duniya da samar da ma'adinai takin. Wannan lakabi ya zamar masa dole ya gishiri adibas, mayar da hankali, yafi a garuruwa na Berezniki da Solikamsk. Akwai wani aiki da kuma hakar na potassium salts.

A farko da manyan taron dangantaka da rushe salts ruwan karkashin kasa da kuma durkushe da baka kafa voids faru a shekara ta 1986. Sa'an nan wanda izrudnikov "Uralkali" ya ba technogenic girgizar kasa. Da samuwar tsoma da kuma sauke Multi-ton taro na dutse fashewa tare da filasha da tara gas.

A sakamakon haka, a bakin dutse da ya cika da ruwa domin mako biyu. A zurfin ta baya a shekarar 1988 aka kiyasta su zama 105 m, da kuma shekaru 14 bayan samuwar ya 52 m. A wannan yanki kusa da gazawar ci gaba sannu a hankali sag, Ina nufin rushe kuma leaching na salts a cikin hanjinsu bai daina.

1995 da kuma 1997 da aka alama da rushewar sabon da kuma, kamar yadda wani sakamako, wata girgizar kasa aunawa har zuwa 4 da maki. By wani sa'a sa'a akwai wani jikkata: bala'i ba zai shafi na zama yankunan.

Amma a cikin shekaru 1998-2001 da kuma lalata shafi al'umma. Kusa da kauyen na New Zyrianka ya samuwar wani sabon gazawar. da karfi subsidence aka lura kusa da kogin tashar jiragen ruwa. Kuma Mendeleev titi a kansu Berezniki aka halakar da dama gidaje da kuma gini na shiga makaranta. Na yi don ciyar da fitarwa na yawan daga m yankunan.

Recent kasawa

A watan Oktoba 2006, na farko nawa hatsari - da ambaliyar ruwa na karkashin kasa gudanar, wanda ya bar, da barin ko da m kayan aiki. Kuma a watan Yuli 2007, a cikin m sashi na rushe ƙasa, a bakin dutse aunawa 40 da 60 mita. Sa'an nan ya zo da gazawar da girma, da tsawon wadda ta kai kusan rabin kilomita.

Ba kamar a baya, wannan gazawar faru a cikin kusanci da masana'antu da kuma zama gine-gine. Kamar 'yan mita rabu da shi daga administrative gini Mining Administration. A hatsari zone sun ginin fasaha gishiri da bushewa shuka. A ƙarshen rushe masana'anta Railway Chusovaya - Berezniki - Solikamsk. Movement a kan wannan shafin an katse, kuma daga baya aka gina a kewaye line.

Bala'i a kan Flop

A lokacin 2010-2012, akwai samuwar dama kasawa. Idan ka yi kokarin fada barci daya mai ban tausayi ya faru. A bango gazawar rushe, shan biyu Loader da wani injin buldoza. na karshe direba bai da lokacin yi tsalle daga kuma ya mutu.

Kuma a watan Nuwamba 2014 da kuma wani sabon gazawar. A Solikamsk mazauna tambayar kansu wannan tambaya kamar yadda a Berezniki: Ya Kamata gazawar kai tsaye a karkashin zama gine-gine ba zai faru? Yadda za a kare kanka?

Saboda haka, a cikin sashi na hatsari fãce Berezniki da Solikamsk juya daga (photo). Rashin - wannan ne kawai da tip na dutsen kankara. Yadda manyan voids karkashin kasa, kafa ta rushe da gishiri, kamar ka ce ya zuwa yanzu babu wanda zai iya.

Sinkhole a Yamal

A lokacin rani na 2014 a kan da Yamal Larabawa helikofta gano da gazawar da kafiri zurfin -. 200 m Wannan giant rami ne kusa da Bovanenkovo gas filin.

Kuma kawai karshe Nuwamba, Rasha masana kimiyya sun kasance iya gangarawa zuwa cikin kasan wannan ban mamaki mazurari. Suka gudanar da dauki samfurori da ƙasa, ruwa da iska. Amma bai sami amsa ga babban tambaya: yadda akwai irin wannan gagarumin ilimi a cikin permafrost na sashin?

Menene babban iri na asali. A farko - fall na meteorite, na biyu - da fashewa. Masana kimiyya theorize cewa saboda dab permafrost warware reserves na shale gas, wanda ya tsere, a kan surface, kafa mazurari. Lokacin da wannan ya yiwu, da kuma iskar gas ya fashe, wanda ya bayyana yadda za a oplavivshiesya mazurari bango.

Kamar yadda ka gani, da dips a cikin ƙasa - wani sabon abu ba yana nufin wuya a yanayi. A dalilan da su samuwar su ne mafi sau da yawa daban-daban na halitta matakai: rushe dutsen (karst), dab permafrost. Amma su suna Littafi tare da aiki ayyukan mutane, kamar yadda aka nuna ta da gazawar da Solikamsk. Kuma a nan ne abu mafi muhimmanci - don kauce wa wadanda aka ci zarafinsu, a sami wani m jayayya tsakanin tattalin arziki da larura da aminci mutane.