Rayuwa da Works of Griboyedov (takaice)

AS Griboyedov - sanannen Rasha marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, wani m jarida, mai nasara, jami'in diflomasiyyar, daya daga cikin mafi hankali mutane daga cikin lokaci. A tarihin duniya adabi, ya zama marubucin wani aiki - da comedy "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". Duk da haka, da rubuce-rubuce na shahararrun play na Alexander kerawa ba a iyakance. Dukan abin da aka dauka wannan mutumin, Bears hatimi na musamman da basira. Rekõdinsa aka yi wa ado da m events. Rayuwa da Works of Griboyedov za a takaicce kayyade a cikin wannan labarin.

yara

Griboedov Aleksandr Sergeevich aka haife shi a 1795, a ranar 4 ga Janairu, a Moscow. Ya aka kawo a cikin wani arziki da kuma high-haife iyali. Mahaifinsa - Sergey Ivanovich - a lokacin haihuwa da wani yãro mai ritaya, Manjo-seconds. Inna Alexander - Anastasia Fedorovna - nee haifa guda surname matsayin aure - Griboyedov. A nan gaba marubuci da aka girma unusually ci gaba yaro. A cikin shekaru shida da ya mallakar uku waje harsuna. ta zama da sauki magana in Italian, Jamus, Faransa da kuma Turanci a cikin matasa. Matattu harsuna (Greek kuma Latin) sun kuma kasance wani bude littafin zuwa gare shi. A 1803, da yaron da aka aika zuwa makarantar kwana a Jami'ar Moscow, inda ya shafe shekaru uku.

matasa

A 1806, Alexander shiga Moscow University. Bayan shekaru biyu, ya zama dan takarar philology. Duk da haka, Griboyedov, wanda rayuwarsa da kuma aikin da aka bayyana, a wannan labarin, bai bar karatu. Ya tafi farko da halin kirki da kuma siyasa rabuwa, sa'an nan - a kan kimiyyar lissafi da kuma lissafi. Kwanyarsa boys sun bayyana a duk. Ya iya yin babban aiki a kimiyya ko a cikin diplomasiyya filin, amma a cikin rayuwarsa ba zato ba tsammani fashe a cikin yaki.

soja sabis

A 1812, Alexander shiga wata mai sa kai a Moscow Hussars, umarta ta Saltykov Petr Ivanovich. boys zama matasa abokan aiki ƙaho daga cikin mafi shahararren daraja iyalansu. Up har 1815 da marubuci ya a cikin soja. Da farko wallafe-wallafen kokarin nema a mayar da 1814 .. Griboyedov kerawa ya fara da muqala "The sojan doki reserves," Comedy "matasa biyu" da kuma "Haruffa daga Brest-Litovsk ga m."

Social rayuwa a cikin babban birnin kasar

A 1816, ya yi ritaya Aleksandr Sergeevich Griboedov. Rayuwa da kerawa na marubuci suka fara samar a wani sosai daban-daban labari. Ya gana da AS Pushkin, kuma VK Kuchelbecker, ya zama kafa na Masonic Lodge "Du Bien" kuma dauki diplomasiyya sabis kamar yadda lardin Sakatare. A lokacin daga 1815 zuwa 1817 Alexander ha] in gwiwar tare da abokai ya sanya da dama comedies: "Student", "Sham kafirci", "Its a iyali, ko aure amarya". Griboyedov ta kerawa ba a iyakance ga ban mamaki gwaje-gwajen. Ya rubuta m articles ( "The bincike na free translation Byurgerovskoy Ballad" Lenore "), kuma ya rubuta wakoki (" m m wasan kwaikwayo ").

A kudu

A 1818, Alexander ƙi yin aiki wani jami'in diplomasiyya manufa a Amurka da kuma aka nada sakataren sarki lauya a Farisa. Kafin tafiya zuwa Tehran marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, gama aikin a kan play "samfurori sideshow." Griboyedov, wanda aikin kawai sami daraja a kan hanyar zuwa Tiflis fara kiyaye tsarin sautinsu. Wadannan records saukar da wani facet na kyalkyali iyawa na marubuci. Ya kasance marubucin rarrabe m tafiya rubuce. A 1819, aikin da aka wadãtar da Griboyedov waka "Yi hakuri, da Fatherland." Around lokaci guda ya kammala aikin a kan "wasika zuwa ga edita daga Tbilisi a ranar 21 ga watan Janairu." Diplomatic aiki a Farisa sosai nauyayi Alexander, da kuma a 1821 ya kasance ga kiwon lafiya dalilai, ya koma Georgia. Akwai ya sanya abokai da Kuchelbecker da kuma sanya farko m zane comedy "Bone ya tabbata daga wit". A 1822 Griboyedov fara aiki a kan wasan kwaikwayo "1812".

Metropolitan rai

A 1823, Aleksandru Sergeevichu ya iya domin a lokacin da za a bar na diplomasiyya sabis. Ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa ga halittar wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu: ci gaba da aiki a kan, "Bone ya tabbata daga wit", hada waka "David" ban mamaki scene "Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Matasa" da kuma ban dariya farce "Wa ke nan ɗan'uwansu, wanda shi ne 'yar'uwa ko yaudara ga rũɗi." Creativity Griboyedov, taƙaitaccen bayanin da aka gabatar a wannan labarin ba iyakance ga wallafe-wallafen ayyukan. A 1823 an buga shi da farko edition na rare Waltz "e-moll". Bugu da kari, Alexander da aka buga a mujallar tattaunawa shigarwar "Desiderata". A nan sai ya yi musu da ya Sahaban a Rasha adabi, tarihi da kuma labarin kasa.

"Bone ya tabbata daga wit"

A 1824 ta cika da wani babban taron a tarihi na Rasha wasan kwaikwayo. Kammala aikin a kan comedy "Bone ya tabbata daga wit" A. Griboyedov. Halittar wannan talented mutumin ya ko da yaushe ya kasance a cikin memory daga zurriyar godiya ga wannan samfurin. Bright da kuma aphoristic style of play gudummawar da cewa shi ne gaba daya "sayar domin a quote."

A comedy hadawa abubuwa na gargajiya da kuma m for lokacin da labarun almara da kuma romanticism. Tausayi satire a kan Metropolitan aristocratic al'umma na farko da rabi na karni na 19th buga da ya wit. Duk da haka, da comedy "Bone ya tabbata daga wit" da aka wassu sharudda yarda da Rasha jama'a. Daga yanzu, kowa ya san kuma ya yaba da wallafe-wallafen kerawa Griboyedov. Taƙaitaccen bayanin da play ba zai iya bayar da cikakken hoto na baiwa wannan m aiki.

Sake, da Caucasus

A 1825, Aleksandru Sergeevichu yi watsi da bane ya je Turai. Marubuci ya koma zuwa sabis, kuma a karshen May, ya tafi zuwa ga Caucasus. Akwai, ya koya Persian, Jojiyanci, Turkish da Larabci. A kan Hauwa'u na da tafiya zuwa kudu Griboyedov gama gutsure fassara ga "Prologue a cikin wasan kwaikwayo" daga bala'i "Faust". Har ila yau, ya ya iya yin bayanin kula da samfurin D. Tsikulina "sabon abu Kasadar da kuma tafiya ...". A kan hanyar zuwa Caucasus Alexander ziyarci Kyiv, inda ya yi magana da shahararren neman sauyi a karkashin kasa: AZ Muravyov, SP Trubetskoy, MP Bestuzhev-Rumin. Bayan haka, wasu lokaci ciyar a cikin Crimea Griboyedov. Creativity, a takaice abin da aka gabatar a cikin wannan takarda, wani sabon ci gaba da wadannan kwanaki. Marubuci yi cikinsa halittar almara bala'i na Baftisma na Rus da kullum kiyaye da tafiya dayare, wanda aka buga kawai shekara talatin bayan marubucin mutuwa.

kwatsam kama

Bayan ya dawo zuwa Caucasus Alexander rubuta "da yara a kan Chegem" - waka da aka yi wahayi zuwa da hannu a cikin balaguro AA Sonya. Duk da haka, shi nan da nan ya faru duk da haka wani aikin gayya, aukuwa a rayuwa na marubuci. A 1926, a watan Janairu, ya aka kama a kan zargin na wani sirrin jama'a na Decembrists. A karkashin barazana juya ga 'yanci, rayuwar da kerawa Griboyedov. A takaice dai binciken na marubuci ta biography ya ba da wani ra'ayi a cikin abin da ya kasance mai wuce yarda da wahalarwa wadannan kwanaki. A binciken da ya kasa samun shaidar da hannu na Alexander neman sauyi motsi. Watanni shida daga baya ya sake daga lokacin da ake tsare. Duk da cikakken fi na marubuci shi gudanar da m kula don wani lokaci.

A karshe shekaru ransa

A 1926, a cikin watan Satumba, AS Griboyedov koma zuwa Tiflis. Ya sake tsunduma a diplomasiyya aiki. Mun gode wa kokarin da, Rasha yarjejeniya da m Turkmanchay. Alexander kansa kuwa ya ba da daftarin aiki da rubutu zuwa St. Petersburg, aka nada mazaunin ministan (jakadan) a Iran da kuma bauta a makõmarku. A kan hanya sai ya tsaya a Tiflis. Akwai ya gana da wani girma-up yar abokinsa - Nina Chavchavadze. Buga ta da kyau na wata yarinya, marubucin nan da nan Muka sanya ta ita da wani tayin. Ya aka yi aure to Nina da kuma 'yan watanni baya - Agusta 22, 1828. The matasa matar Alexander dauki tare da shi zuwa Farisa. Yana ba da farin ciki biyu 'yan makonni masu rai tare.

ban tausayi mutuwa

A Farisa, Aleksandru Sergeevichu yi aiki tuƙuru. Ya kai a kai halarci Tehran, inda ya gudanar da diplomasiyya da tattaunawa a wani sosai wuya hanya. Rasha Sarkin sarakuna ta bukata ta jakadan kakkaura taurin. A wannan Persian jami'in diflomasiyyar kira "m." Wannan siyasa ya bada ban mamaki sakamakon. A shekara ta 1929, 30 Janairu, Rasha manufa aka halaka su da wani taro na m ta'adda. Talatin da bakwai da aka kashe mutane a ofishin jakadancin. Daga cikin su ya Alexander Griboyedov. Ya tsage jiki baya iya gane kawai da suka ji rauni matasa a hannunsa na hagu. Tun da mutuwar daya daga cikin mafi hazaka mutane daga cikin lokaci.

Mutane da yawa da wallafe-wallafen ayyukan ba da lokaci don kammala Griboyedov. Creativity, taƙaitaccen bayanin da aka samarwa a cikin wannan takarda, cike yake da ba a kare ba ayyukansu, talented almara. Za ka iya fahimtar abin da ƙãra marubuci rasa a lokacin Rasha.

Table rayuwa da kuma aiki Griboedova gabatar a kasa.

Ko an rage tsawon shaci na rayuwa da kuma aiki na Griboyedov ya ba da wani ra'ayin abin da na ƙwarai mutum ya Alexander. Rekõdinsa ya short, amma abin mamaki hayayyafa. Har zuwa karshen rayuwarsa ya kasance duqufar da motherland kuma ya mutu kare ta amfane shi. Wannan irin mutane ya kamata ku yi alfahari da kasar mu.