Romanov daular: sarautar. All Rasha tsars na Romanov daular

A cikin shekaru 300-m shekaru na autocracy a Rasha an kai tsaye alaka da Romanov daular. Sun kasance iya samun wani qafafunku a kan kursiyin a cikin kwanaki da matsaloli. A bayyanar a kan siyasa sararin sama na sabon daular shi ne mafi girma aukuwa a rayuwa na kowane jihar. Yawancin lokaci, shi yana tare da juyin juya halin ko juyin juya hali, amma a wani hali na canji na ikon kõma ga kau da haihuwa ikon Elite a kan tilas.

prehistory

A Rasha, fitowan da wani sabon daular kasance saboda gaskiyar cewa Rurik reshe m kashe daga zuriyar mutuwar Ivan IV da Munin. Wannan Jihar harkokin cikin kasar ya halitta ba kawai babban siyasa, amma kuma zamantakewa rikicin. Daga qarshe wannan ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa a cikin harkokin jihar sun zama 'yan kasashen waje su tsoma baki.

Ya kamata a lura cewa ba kafin a tarihin Rasha ba su canza don haka sau da yawa shugabanni, abu zuwa wani sabon daular, bayan mutuwar Ivan da Munin. A waɗannan kwanaki, da'awar da kursiyin ba kawai Elite, amma kuma sauran social strata. Baƙi sun kuma yi kokarin shiga tsakani a gwagwarmayar iko.

A kan gadon sarautar daya bayan da wasu jikokin Rurik bayyana a cikin mutum na Vasiliya Shuyskogo (1606-1610), wakilan da mara tsada karkashin jagorancin Boris Godunov (1597-1605), sun duk yawan ƙiren ƙarya - arya Dmitry I (1605-1606) da kuma na kuskure Dmitry II (1607- 1610). Amma babu wani daga cikinsu ba sarrafa zauna a ikon na dogon lokaci. Ba sai 1613, ba tukuna kai da Rasha tsars na Romanov daular.

asalin

Nan da nan ya kamata a lura da cewa irin wannan matsayin da irin wannan suka tafi daga Zahareva. Amma da Romanovs - da sunan ba quite gaskiya. Yana duk fara da cewa sarki Filaret, t. E. Zaharev Fedor Nikolaevich, yanke shawarar canza sunansa. Shiryar da cewa mahaifinsa ya Nikita Romanovich, kuma kakansa - Roman Yurevich, ya zo up tare da mahaifi "Romanov". Kamar wancan tseren aka bai da wani sabon sunan da za a yi amfani da lokacin mu.

Romanov daular (mulki 1613-1917) ya fara tare da Mikhail Fedorovich. Bayan da ya isa ga kursiyin Alexei Mikhailovich, lakabi da mutane "quietest". Next ya Theodore A .. Sa'an nan Sarauniyar Sophia Alekseevna dokoki da kuma Ivan V Alekseevich.

A zamanin mulkin Bitrus I na - a 1721 - jihar gaba daya sauya kuma ya zama na Rasha Empire. Sarakuna sun sunk zuwa abu wulakantacce. Yanzu da sarki ya zama sarki. A total na 19 Rasha Romanov ya shugabanni. Daga cikin su - 5 mata. Ga wani tebur wanda a sarari ya nuna duk da Romanov daular, da kuma sarautar sunayen sarauta.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da kursiyin shagaltar da wani lokacin mata. Amma gwamnatin Paul na shũɗe a dokar da cewa suna da sarki zai iya yanzu kawai kawo kai tsaye magaji na yawan maza. Tun daga nan, ba mace ba ya murtuke zuwa kursiyin.

Romanov daular, a zamanin mulkin da cewa ya zo ba ko da yaushe a shiru sau, ko da a cikin 1856, ya karbi da hukuma alama. Yana siffanta wani ungulu gudanar a cikin paws tharch da zinariya takobi. A gefuna ana ado da gashi na makamai na takwas warware shugabannin zakoki.

The Last Sarkin sarakuna

A 1917, hukumomi a kasar kãma Bolsheviks, wadanda suka kifar da gwamnatin. Czar Nicholas II shi ne na karshe daga cikin Romanov daular. Ya aka bai wa laƙabi "Kazamin" domin gaskiyar cewa a lokacin da biyu juyin na 1905 da kuma 1917 saboda dubban mutane da aka kashe da oda.

Masana tarihi yi imani da cewa na karshe sarki ya mai m m, don haka sanya wasu da ba a gafartawa kuskure, duka a cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin. Sũ, sun ɓatar to da cewa kasar halin da ake ciki escalated da iyaka. Kasawa a Japan, kuma daga baya yakin duniya na farko mai tsanani gurgunta ikon da Sarkin sarakuna da dukan sarauta iyali.

A 1917, da sarauta iyali a cikin dare na 17 Yuli, wanda hada da, a cikin Bugu da kari ga sarki da matarsa, kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyar, an harbe ta Bolsheviks. Sa'an nan kuma mutuwa da tafin kafa magaji zuwa Rasha kursiyin - kadan dan Nicholas, Alex.

mu lokaci

Romanovs - ne daɗaɗɗe boyar iyali cewa ya Rasha babban daular sarakuna, da kuma daga baya sarakuna. Su yi mulki jihar kadan fiye da shekara ɗari uku, daga XVI karni. Romanov daular, a zamanin mulkin wanda ƙare tare da zuwa ga ikon da Bolsheviks, aka katse, amma da dama rassan wannan irin zama a yau. Dukan su zama kasashen waje. Game da 200 daga cikinsu suna da daban-daban da sunayen sarauta, amma ba wanda zai iya kai da gadon sarautarsa, har idan sabuntawa na daular mulkinsu.