Spanish Empire: description, tarihi da kuma flag

Spanish Empire a cikin kwanaki na da iko ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi girma a jihohin, ya taɓa kasancewa a duniya. Its halitta ne inseparably nasaba da zamanin Discovery, a lokacin da shi ya zama mai mulkin mallaka. Domin da dama ƙarni, flag daga cikin Spanish Empire ci gaba a kan manyan yankunan, dake biyu a Turai da kuma a nahiyar Asiya, Afrika, Amirka da kuma Oceania.

Ana zargin jihar

Mai masana tarihi yi imani da cewa Spain, a matsayin daular fara zama a karshen cikin XV karni, a lokacin da Castilian-Union of Aragon aka sanya hannu a 1479, kawo hada ƙasashe fara sarauta da Katolika Isabella na da Ferdinand II. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa, kamar yadda maza, wadanada mulki kowane daga karkararta, kamar yadda suka so, amma game da kasashen waje da manufofin, sa'an nan da ra'ayoyi na jam'iyyar biyu ko da yaushe daidaita.

A 1492, Spanish sojojin kama Granada, kuma wannan kammala da Reconquista - kwata 'yanci gwagwarmaya na Kiristoci da Musulmi invaders. Yanzu, lokacin da Yaren Kasar sashin da aka ci nasarar, da karkararta ya zama wani ɓangare na Mulkin Castile. A wannan shekara Hristofor Kolumb saita kashe a kan ta farko da bincike balaguro, wanda yana gangarawa zuwa yamma. Ya gudanar da iyo a fadin Atlantic Ocean da kuma bude Turawa zuwa Amurka. Akwai ya fara haifar da da farko-taba kasashen waje mazauna.

kara karfafa

Bayan rasuwar sarauniya Isabella da Katolika da kuma mijinta Ferdinand II hau zuwa kursiyin ta jika Karl V Gabsburg. Dole ne in ce cewa ba wani dan kasar Spain, amma cewa sarautarsa ake dangantawa da zinariya shekaru na daular.

Bayan Charles V sõyayya biyu lakabi - da Spanish King da kuma Sarkin sarakuna na Mai Tsarki Roman Empire, da tasiri ya karu sau da yawa, kamar yadda da kambi waɗanda ya gāda ya gland shine yake-Comte, da Netherlands da kuma Austria. komuneros tawaye a Castile kasance a gare shi ainihin kalubale, amma ya jimre da shi. Fitina da aka mur, da kuma Charles V ya zama mai mulkin mafi sararin daular a Turai, wanda ya ba daidai muddin duniya fagen fama bai bayyana Napoleon Bonaparte.

Politika Karla V

A lokacin da shekaru 200 na daular Spanish mulki ta Habsburgs. Wannan tseren ne watakila arziki, kamar yadda gaske mallaki babbar reserves na azurfa da zinariya, da ma ya zauna a kan gadon sarautar duniya ta babbar iko, da suka hada da ba wai kawai Spain da kuma ta mazauna, amma a kusan dukkanin kasashen Turai.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, a kasar a zamanin mulkin da Habsburgs wadãta. Su ba yawa. Kuma sun kasance quite m patrons da ta zo al'adu. Duk da haka, a cikin harkokin siyasa Sphere shi ba haka ba santsi. Ko a karkashin Charles V Spanish daular aka fuskanci wani babban matsala: da babbar ikon bai zama gaske united, saboda da dama na ƙasar za ta zama m. A wannan batun, da sarki ya yi yãƙi yawa yaƙe-yaƙe, ko da tare da batutuwa, ciki har da arewa na Turai. Duk da dukan yawa daga cikin Spanish Empire, Charles V ya kasance da wuya a tsayayya Faransa da kuma Italiya. War tare da wadannan kasashe sun dade, amma ba su kai ga nasara na ko dai gefe.

Philip II Board

Bayan rasuwar Charles V nasara da grandchild. Philip II, sabanin kakansa, mafi yawan lokaci ciyar a gidansa Eskoreal. Wannan monarch kamar yadda yaro samu wani kyakkyawan ilimi a lokacin, shi ne musamman ibada, da kuma a cikin dukkan goyon bayan da Inquisition. Lokacin da ta addini rashin ha} uri kai ta koli: ba kawai Katolika amma kuma Furotesta tsananta ummiya fadin Turai.

Lokacin da Philip II Spain kai ta ganiya. Kamar wanda ya gada, ya kuma yi yaƙi da waje makiya. Alal misali, a 1571 a Lepanto ya rundunar karya da Baturke rundujar soja masu dawaki, haka tarewa su hanya don kara ci gaba a Turai.

Anglo-Spanish War

A 1588, da bakin tekun na Ingila da ake kira Great Armada Filibus II sha kaye. Daga baya, a 1654, wadannan biyu iko ne a yaki sake a kan teku. Gaskiyar cewa Turanci ne Ubangijin Maji Oliver Cromwell ya gamsu da cewa lokaci ya zo lokacin da ya za su iya fadada da mulkin mallaka gaban jihar a West Indies. A takaice, ya so ya kama da tsibirin Jamaica, wanda a wancan lokaci tuni aka gudanar da Spanish daular.

The yaki da Ingila domin wannan yanki na ƙasar da aka za'ayi tare da sãɓãwar launukansa digiri na nasara, amma har yanzu ya ba da. A 1657-1658 shekaru Spaniards sake kokarin lashe Jamaica, amma ba su yi aiki. Tare da yarjejeniyar da Burtaniya hukumomi a Port Royal ya zama ɗan fashin teku tushe, daga inda suka farmaki da Spanish jiragen ruwa.

A rikicin a cikin tattalin arzikin

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa na farko da kasashen waje mazauna sun marasa amfani baki ɗaya suka kawo kawai cizon yatsa. Hakika, akwai wasu da maki cewa suna da kyau tasiri a kan cinikayya, amma sun kasance bai isa ba. All hankali ya fara canza a lokacin da a 1520 ta fara cire azurfa a kan sabon bincike filayen daga Guanajuato. Amma hakikanin tushen arziki sun adibas na wannan karfe samu a Zacatecas da Potosí a 1546 ƙaramar.

Cikin dukanin XVI karni, tare da mulkin mallaka Spanish daular fitar dashi zinariya da azurfa a wani adadin daidai to kwatankwacin daya da rabi tiriliyan daloli (a shekara ta 1990 da farashin). A karshen, yawan shigo da mai daraja karafa fara wuce samar, wanda zai babu makawa kai ga kumbura. A tattalin arzikin da ya fara a cikin wannan ƙarnin na XVI karni, kuma aka aggravated a farkon na gaba. Dalilin wannan kuwa shi ne fitar da Moors da kuma Yahudawa, wadanda wakilansu aka tsunduma daga a tarihi mai nisa handicraft samar da cinikayya.

A auka daga cikin Spanish Empire

Sauka a hankali karkatar da wannan babbar jiha fara bayan mutuwar Philip II. Magajinsa sun matalauta 'yan siyasa, da kuma Spain hankali fara rasa matsayinsu a nahiyar farko, sa'an nan kuma a cikin kasashen waje mazauna.

By ƙarshen XIX karni, da matakin na kasa da kuma anti-mulkin mallaka jin zuciya kai ta koli, sakamakon barkewar cutar na Spanish-American War, daga abin da United States fito da nasara. The Spanish mulkin mallaka daular aka ci, kuma ya cede yankinsu: Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico da kuma Guinea. By 1899, ta kasance babu mafi ƙasar kuma a Amurka, kuma a nahiyar Asiya. Sauran tsibiran a cikin Pacific Ocean aka sayar a Jamus, rikewa kawai Afirka ƙasa.

A farkon karni na XX Spain ya kusan daina ci gaba da more rayuwa na da sauran mazauna, amma har yanzu ya ci gaba da aiki manyan koko plantations, wanda aikin ijãra Nijeriya ma'aikata. A cikin bazara na shekarar 1968 da hukumomi karkashin MDD matsa lamba da kuma gida nationalists aka tilasta bayyana Equatorial Guinea m.

al'adunmu

The Spanish daular, wanda yana da wani tarihi na shekara ɗari biyar, ya rinjayi ba kawai da ci gaban yammacin Turai. Conquistadors kawo tare da su zuwa Amurka, Afirka da kuma Gabas Indies Roman Katolika da kuma Spain. Quite dogon lokacin mulkin mallaka da gudummawar da mix na mutãnensu, Latin Amirka, Turawa da Indiyawa.

Tare da Portuguese da Spanish daular zama kafa na wannan kasa da kasa kasuwanci, bude sabon transatlantic cinikayya hanyoyi. Yana da aka ta kudi ya zama na farko a duniya kudin, a cikinsa, akwai da American dollar. A sakamakon haka, cinikayya a Old World tare da New musayar babban adadin dabbobin gida da kuma da dama daga shuke-shuke. Alal misali, a Amirka, da aka shigo da dabbõbi, da tumaki, da dawaki, aladu, da jakai, kazalika da sha'ir, alkama, apples, da sauransu. D. The Turawa, bi da bi, a karon farko i da ɗanɗanar da dankali da tumatur, masara, barkono da kuma taba. A sakamakon wadannan mu'amala ya kasance wani gagarumin ci gaba a cikin m m of America, Turai da kuma Asiya.

Kada mu manta game da al'adu da tasiri. Shi ne m, a duk abin da: a music, art, gine-gine, da kuma ko da a cikin Shirin zanen na dokokin. Tuntužar juna da mabambantan mutane na dogon lokaci, shi ya kai ga hadawa da al'adu cewa an intricately lauye, kuma sun sami nasu musamman siffar da kuma a zamanin yau m, a mulkin mallaka na yankunan.