St. Sophia Cathedral - cikin shahararrun alamar ƙasa na Kiev

St. Sophia Cathedral - mafi muhimmanci gine-gine da dutse mai daraja dake a cikin zuciya na Kiev, a kan eponymous square. A XI karni a wurin wani mummunan yaƙi ya faru, wanda ke haifar a cikin dakarun na Kiev Prince Yaroslava Mudrogo ga gaci a kan nomadic Pechenegs, kuma domin shi ne mai grand Orthodox coci da aka gina daga baya nan.

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A birnin Kiev Saint Sophia Cathedral bayyana a zamanin mulkin na almara Yaroslava Mudrogo, amma tarihi na babban Orthodox coci na Kievan Rus ne quite rikitarwa. Wasu masu bincike jayayya da cewa Haikali a wannan shafin kafa a zamanin mulkin Vladimira Svyatoslavovicha, amma mafi malamai sun hada da kwanciya kafuwar wannan zamanin na Yaroslava Mudrogo.

Cathedral gina mafi kyau Byzantine Masters, ya aiko daga Konstantinoful, amma coci ya zama mafi tartsatsi fiye da sauran Byzantine Orthodox majami'u, da kuma shi ne mafi girma Haikali hadaddun a cikin ƙasa na pre-Mongol Rasha. Jim kadan bayan kammala Kyiv Sophia Cathedral ya zama cibiyar siyasa, ruhaniya da kuma al'adu rayuwa, kamar yadda a cikin wannan wuri mai girma hakimai samu jakadun} asashen waje, na aiki a Haikali tarihin, a cikin ginshiki na a library, kuma Popular Majalisar tattara kai tsaye a karkashin ta majestic katangu.

A 1240 da St. Sophia Cathedral aka sallame ta mangolawa, amma ginin tsira gaba daya, da kuma kawai a cikin XVII karni a Haikali gine na da muhimmanci canje-canje da aka yi. Saboda haka, maimakon zamanin d hemispherical domes aka shigar babban pear-dimbin yawa domes, da haikalin gina wani sabon chapels, kuma ta fararen facade. Karkashin Soviet mulki, da Cathedral rasa matsayi na Haikalin, da kuma a 1934 samu matsayi na gidan kayan gargajiya-ajiye. Ku bauta wa da shi kusan wadanda ba babu a yanzu, da kuma sabis ne kawai sau daya a shekara - 24 Agusta, a lokacin da Ukraine murna ta Independence Day.

Architecture da ciki zane

A nuna na XVII-XVIII ƙarni, a lokacin da St. Sophia Cathedral ya zama wani ɓangare na Orthodox sufi hadaddun, da facade na cikin Haikali ya ba da siffofin na Ukrainian Baroque. Kuma a kusa da zamanin d ginin sun sauran gine-gine a cikin wannan gine-gine da style, ciki har da wata mashiga hasumiyar da kararrawa hasumiyar da refectory Fraternal gidaje Brama Zaborovsky da Lardi Home.

The main "haskaka" na babban coci ake kiyaye mosaic XI karni, kuma mafi shahara daga cikinsu - Kristi Pantocrator da Virgin Oranta. All mosaic aiki a Haikali yi amfani da glazes, wanda shi ne mai gishiri gami, gilashin da karfe oxides, da kuma kawai wani ɓaɓɓake yi tsoho halitta dutse guda Masters.

Abin baƙin ciki, da Haikalin frescoes sun tsira yawa muni fiye da tsoho mosaic kayan ado. A kasa na babban coci za ka iya ganin m baƙin ƙarfe faranti, wadda ne a fili bayyane jinjirin image, wanda aka dauke musulmi alamomin. Kuma shi ne ba a bayyana dalilin da ya sa irin wannan bene sutura bayyana a cikin Orthodox shrine. Da farko, da tsakiyar dakuna na dabe da aka sharewa da mosaics, kuma a cikin makabarta, da aisles - kananan yumbu faranti, da yumbu da wani ɓaɓɓake, kuma tayal dabe a raba wurare da suke a yanzu a fili bayyane.

Features

Sophia Cathedral dogon kiyaye wani asiri, bude maye a lokacin da sabuntawa aiki. Wannan tsoho bango inscriptions, wanda daga bisani aka boye a karkashin mowa da kuma na ado frescoes da wadannan tracings ziyara St. Sophia za a iya gani a yau, a matsayin restorers ba mai sheki a kan su, ko fenti sabon murals. Wani janye daga Haikalin ne daɗaɗɗe sassaka sarcophagus na marmara, wadda gidaje ragowar marigayin a 1054 Grand Yaroslava Mudrogo, kuma ta dubawa ne samuwa ga kowane maziyarci.