747: Aircraft ciki makirci

A yau duniya na jirgin sama mulki score babbar winged motoci. A jerin subsonic fasinja flights da dama Refayawa iya dauke a cikin iska ɗari huɗu da - da ɗari biyar mutane a daya tafi. A kan su bango tsaye a waje "747", wanda ciki makirci zai ba da damar matafiya zuwa post on biyu fasinja cikas lokaci guda.

girman al'amura

A zamanin da postwar lokacin da aka alama ta m bukatar jirgin sama kasuwar. Global ci gaban da zirga-zirgar fasinja kundin a sittin sa da injiniyoyi na damuwa "Boeing" kalubale. jirgin sama zane ya zama dole to sau biyu da gubar a lokacin, "da ɗari bakwai da bakwai." National kamfanin "Pan American" ba jimre da ya kwarara daga mutane da suke so su gudanar da wani iska tafiya da iska a cikin guntu yiwu lokaci. Wannan lamarin ya tilastawa ta sanya wani m ga ci gaba, samar, gwaji da kuma isarwa daga cikin mafi girma da jirgin sama a duniya turbojet dirka.

fadada samar

"Pan American" hadu da tsammanin "Boeing" jagoranci da kuma umurni da ashirin da biyar da jirgin sama na farko da ɗaya da ɗari kofe na matukin jirgin episode. A shekara daga baya, a shekarar 1971, kamfanin jirgin sama sanya wani domin wannan yawan jirgin sama "Boeing 747 200", ciki makirci da cewa kuma mafi iko injuna yarda da kara yawan adadin dangi da kuma fasinjoji a jirgin.

Jirgin Saman giant gina, gwada da kuma bokan a kasa da shekaru hudu, wanda shi ne wani sosai short-rayu, har ma ga sabon model na kananan jiragen sama. Aviakontserna data kasance shuka ba a yarda ya gina motoci irin manyan size a shagunansu. Su ne akwai kawai ba zai shige. Musamman a karkashin "747", ciki makirci wanda ya samar da ga wani ƙarin babba bene, kazalika da tsawo na Matuka jirgin a kan babba bene, sabon ma'aikata a Everett, da aka gina da Washington.

ban sha'awa facts

A aikin da aka kara taki. Musamman ga sabon aji na jirgin sama da kamfanin "Pratt & Whitney" tsara oversized turbofan engine a kan jet dirka index JT9T. Naúrar yana da babban kewaye rabo da ya kafa da yawan raka'a hudu, biyu a kan kowane reshe. An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, kamfanin ya tafi a kan wani kadan zamba. Domin ba dama da sauyawa daga cikin kasa engine a filayen jiragen sama, m daga cibiyar sabis na kamfanin, ƙarin engine hawa aya an shigar karkashin fuselage, kusa da hawa da dama daga cikin engine biyu. Kamar wancan ne jirgin sama mai bayarwa tsĩrar da kayayyakin mota fasa maƙwabcinsa, shan kashe tare da biyar injuna shigar, amma manajan kawai hudu daga cikinsu.

Wani mai ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ake dangantawa da wani babban direbobin motocin haya a kan wannan dodo. Domin ci gaba a nan gaba matuka jirgin na 747 piloting basira da kuma a ma'ana ta gudu a wannan tsawo (da jin zuwa gudun a wannan tsawo ba sauki - shi ne ya gane muhimmanci ƙananan fiye da ainihin), da aka kirkiro ta musamman na'urar kwaikwayo. A kan rufin na truck kafa aiki matuka izgili gare jirgin sama gida "Boeing 747". Tuki da abin hawa ciki da kuma tsarin da ta rufin shigar da yiwuwar lafiya aiki na matasan a cikin rufaffiyar yankin. Ya yi amfani da gudanar da aiki taxiing hanyoyin, da filin ajiye motoci da kuma shigar da pre / zartarwa kaddamar gaba matuka. The na'urar kwaikwayo mai suna "Van Waddell" a cikin girmamawa Jack Waddell, da farko gwajin matukin wannan sabon jerin.

m al'amurra

Development of wani sabon zane na jirgin sama na wannan size da kuma gina unprecedented size na shuka kusan sa kamfanin a kan gãɓar rãmi na fatarar. Duk da haka, Multi-miliyan dollar riba daga tallace-tallace na farko model na da cikakken recoup da halin kaka ta hanyar kawo balance aviakontserna a kan unattainable kafin wannan matakin.

Duk da haka, duk da wannan ci gaba,, nan gaba na riga ta kafa jerin jirgin sama ya zauna m. Yana bai taimaka wajen magance matsalar da kuma sabunta cikin jerin zuwa "747 300" model, wanda ba ka damar sanya ciki makirci da yawa fiye da fasinjoji fiye da a baya biyu ta dari version, ta kara tsawon daga cikin manya bene. Tambayoyi kasance canzawa. Yadda kudin-tasiri ga yin amfani da irin wannan jirgin sama? Ko yana da tattali, ciki har da masu dogon zango? Do kanka wata babbar kudin da ta haya wajaba a kansa?

Fafatawa a gasa ba barci

Shakka saman manajoji da kuma masu kamfanoni tsunduma a fasinja kai, kuma spurred da man fetur rikicin a duniya a farkon seventies. The m Yunƙurin a farashin man nan take inflated farashin tikiti. Bukatar iska tafiya fara fada sharply. Mai zuba a cikin wuta, kuma firgita fafatawa a gasa, ciki har da cikin kamfanonin. Bugu da kari ga kasuwar na sabon kayayyakin, irin su DC-10, L-1011 da kuma A300, da sabon fadi-jiki B767 m lashe da wuri, da gasar tare da model "747". Tuki gida "ɗari bakwai da sittin da bakwai" maimakon barin wani karami yawan fasinjoji, amma shi ya fi tattali, m, kuma maras tsada don kula.

mai yiwuwa ta karshe

Tare da irin wannan kalubale a halin yanzu ta matasa aviagigant samaniya sarari, "Airbus A380". Yana da aka ɓullo da wani Turai manufacturer na shirin Airbus A3XX, don ƙirƙirar wani gasar samun lokacinta daga manufacturer jihohi. A mayar da martani ga wannan mataki da Amirkawa kaddamar da tsarin aikin "Boeing 747 500". Tuki gida alamar tsara jerin yarda har zuwa 800 mutane da gudu. A layi daya ga aikin na aikin kaddamar shida jerin winged inji tare da irin wannan jirgin halaye, amma wadannan ra'ayoyi sun zauna a kan takarda.

A shekarar 2005, kamfanin ya sanar da wani update na ya halitta. Elongated biyar da rabi mita na gudãna version na 747-400 na farko ya tashi a kan Fabrairu 8, 2010. A tsarin da aka sanya code 747-8, ko soma a kamfanin ta coding model "747 800". Tuki da sabunta ciki na jirgin sama zai iya kawo a kan hamsin da fasinja da kuma biyu kaya aviapoddona fiye da baya version na V744. A fasinja version na jirgin sama da kuma a can sun kasance gagarumin canje-canje a cikin ido. Shiga a ga fasinjoji ya zama mafi fili bene na biyu bene ya zama kisa, kuma a version SkyBunks saukar zuwa ƙananan bene na iya zama a kan na biyu tsani.

Rasha hakikar

A Rasha, babban abokin ciniki model "747" - "Transaero". Tuki salon sarrafa jirgin sama m samar 522 kujeru a mafi yawan 20 allon, yanã gudãna a kan daban-daban hanyoyi. Reviews jagora, direbobi da fasinjoji su ne mafi yawa tabbatacce. The inji shi ne bayyananne, dadi, sauki don sarrafa a cikin iska. High saukowa aerobatic tawagar samar da mafi Siffar a kan taxiway, da kuma godiya ta zuwa ga sabon abu siffar da fuselage, da sauran direbobi nan da nan lura "Transaero Boeing 747". A makirci na gida da kuma ta sanyi sassauci damar dako kafa showrooms da sabis azuzuwan for daban-daban matsayin, ciki har da su kansu. A ƙwarai ciki wurin zama damar da ikon da jirgin sama zuwa ƙasar a kan babban titin jiragen sama na misali tsawo bada wannan mota wani ƙarin fa'ida a kan su Turai fafatawa a gasa.