Tarihin Jakub Kolas: abubuwan da suka shafi rayuwar marubuci

Tarihin Yakub Kolas shine labarin rayuwar da kerawa, wanda ya cancanci kulawa. Wannan ba wani batu ne kawai na gaskiya da kwanakin ba, amma ya shafi rayuwar mutum wanda ya jagoranci rinjaye da dama da yawa kuma ya ba da gudummawa fiye da gudunmawa na gaske ga tarihin wallafe-wallafen Belarus.

Shekaru na farko na rayuwa

Da farko, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa real name daga cikin shahararrun marubuci kuma mawãƙi - Konstantin Mihaylovich Mitskevich. Kuma a cikin duniyar nan sai ya zo gonar Okinkitsy a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 1882. Wannan wurin yana kusa da ƙauyen Nikolaevschina, wanda ke cikin yankin Minsk.

Uba Konstantin Mickiewicz dan jarida ce kuma ya yi aiki a cikin ƙasar da ke cikin Radziwill.

Tarihin Yakub Kolas ba zai iya yin ba tare da bayyana wurare inda marubuta na gaba ya ciyar da shekarun yaro ba, yayin da suke tada hankalin rayuka a ruhunsa. Wadannan yankuna sun yi kyau sosai - daya daga cikin mafi yawan hotuna a Belarus. Tambaya ne ga gandun dajin daji da kogin Neman.

Daga baya a aikin mawãƙi, motsin zuciyar da ke da alaka da yarinyar da aka samu a wannan kauye za a bayyana shi akai-akai. Idan muna magana game da wuraren da matasa Constantine suka ziyarci yawancin lokaci, to, yana da daraja tunawa da gonaki kamar Lastok, Albut da Okinchitsy.

Nazarin

Biography Yakub Kolas babu makawa ya shafi wannan lokaci na rayuwa da marubuci. A karo na farko da za a taba sanin, Constantine ya iya koyarwa a darasin darussan gida. Mataki na gaba shine Makarantar Kolejin Mykolayiv. A cikin ganuwarsa Yakub Kolas ya rubuta waƙa na farko.

Labarin wallafe-wallafen saurayi mai basira ya fara da fable "Crow da Fox," da kuma waƙar "Spring." Irin wannan ingancin ya haifar da yunkurin Konstantin Mikhailovich zuwa abubuwan da irin waɗannan marubucin suka rubuta kamar Pushkin, Krylov, Zhukovsky, Lermontov, da sauransu.

Yakub ya kammala makarantar firamare yana da shekaru 12. A lokaci guda, uban yaron ya so dansa ya kasance a cikin ƙirjin kimiyya kuma ya fahimci yiwuwarsa. Sakamakon wannan shirin shine zuwan Konstantin Mitskevich a cikin seminar na malamin Nesvizh. Ya kasance a 1898, kuma gaba da marubuci suna jiran kyakkyawan haske mai zuwa na cike da kerawa.

Ƙin rinjaye

Shekaru dalibai na da muhimmanci, wanda dole ne ya ƙunshi tarihin Yakub Kolas. Binciken ɗan gajeren lokaci na wannan lokaci yana ba da damar fahimtar cewa kwarewar Constantine na da rinjaye ƙwarai da malamin malaminsa Fedot Kudrinsky. Shi ne wanda ya yi wahayi zuwa Yakub don fara tattarawa da yin rikodi na al'adun gargajiya, da kayan aiki a cikin tsarin wani batun kamar ethnography. Daga bisani wadannan bayanan zasu zama tushen asali na farko ta sanannun marubucin "A kan Rostran".

Amma game da wannan lamari, gwarzon Constantine yana sha'awar aikin Yakubovich-Mel'shin.

Bayan kammala makarantar a 1902, Yakub ya zauna a matsayin malami a Polissya, wanda ya hada da kauyukan Pinkovichi da Lucino. A wannan lokacin, Constantine ya bayyana wani juyin juya hali na juyin juya hali, wanda ya samo asalinsa a lokacin da aka gudanar da taron majalisa ba bisa ka'ida ba. Ya kasance a 1906, kuma Yakub ya ƙuduri ya rinjayar da kawar da mulkin tsarist. Amma 'yan sanda sun kasa yin wani abu, kuma malamin basira ya rasa aiki.

Samun mutum mai kirki

Biography of Yakub Kolas a Rasha kuma ya hada da wani mataki a cikin rayuwa na Belarushiyanci marubuci, kamar yadda aiki a cikin jaridar "Our rabo" (1906). A nan ne ya fara buga waƙa "ƙasarmu ta ƙasarmu".

Amma Constantine ya ziyarci kuma a kurkuku saboda ra'ayinsa na juyin juya hali. Wannan shine lokacin daga 1908 zuwa 1911. Duk da haka, dangantakarsa ba ta hana shi rubuta rubutun farko na "waƙoƙin zargi." Bugu da} ari, an haifi ra'ayoyin sauran ayyuka masu ban mamaki.

Lokacin da kurkuku suka ƙare, Yakub ba tare da taimakon abokansa samu takardar shaidar tabbatar da amincin siyasa ba, sannan kuma ya fara aiki a matsayin malami a birnin Pink. A cikin makaranta, inda ya koya, Yakub ya hadu da ƙaunarsa - malamin Maria Kamenskaya. A Yuni 1913, Konstantin Mickiewicz ya zama dangin iyali.

Ya kasance a cikin Pink cewa marubucin ya kafa al'amuran aikinsa na ƙarshe, wanda ya ja hankalin sanannun sanannun mutanen Belarus da Rasha. Wasu marubuta kuma sun nuna sha'awar aikin Yakub.

War da bi-up

A shekara ta 1915 an fara alama ne a farkon yakin mulkin mallaka, wanda aka samo asali Constantine. Har zuwa 1917, marubuta ya samu matsayin marigayi na biyu, ya yi yaki a gaban Romanian, amma saboda dalilai na kiwon lafiya ya dimokuradiyya a watan Satumba.

Bayan wannan, har zuwa 1921, Yakub Kolas ya zama jami'in makarantar jama'a a garuruwan Kursk da birnin Oboyan (muna magana game da Rasha).

Gaskiyar ta gaba, wadda ta ƙunshi tarihin Yakub Kolas, yana da kalubale ga Minsk a kan shirin gwamnati. A babban birnin BSSR, Konstantin ya zama memba na hukumar a Cibiyar Belarusian Al'adu. A cikin layi daya, yana koyar da harshe a cikin Jami'ar Jihar Belarus.

A lokacin War Warrior, an kwashe marubucin, kuma zai iya komawa ƙasarsa Minsk kawai a 1944. Kafin barin wannan duniyar a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1956, Yakub Kolas ya zama mataimakin, memba na Kungiyar 'Yan Rubutun Harkokin Jakadanci da Masanin Kimiyya Mai Girma.

Wannan shi ne tarihin Yakub Kolas, wanda taƙaitaccen bayani, har ma ba tare da yin rubutun kansa ba, yana nuna gaskiyar cewa shi mutum ne marar iyaka wanda yake da tasiri a kan mutanensa.