The asalin tsuntsaye musamman ban sha'awa facts da kuma bayanin. The darajar da kariya daga tsuntsãye

Birds - feathered abokai mutum. Rawar da suka taka a cikin yanayi ne invaluable. Su asalin, ma'anar da kariya aka bayyana a cikin labarin.

Tsuntsaye: wani janar Siffar

Birds suna sosai shirya dumin jiki dabbobi. A yanayi, akwai tara dubu jinsunan zamani tsuntsaye. A halayyar fasali na aji ne da wadannan siffofin:

• Gashinsa.
• Hard baki na cornea.
• Babu hakora.
• A biyu daga gaban kafafunsa juya a cikin fuka-fuki.
• Thorax, pelvic abin ɗamara da kuma biyu daga na biyu kafafu da musamman tsarin.
• A zuciya na da hudu da bẽnãye.
• Akwai wani jakar iska.
• Bird incubates da qwai.

Birds, wani janar bayanin da aka gabatar a sama, saboda da sama siffofin iya tashi. Wannan ya bambanta su daga sauran azuzuwan na vertabrate.

A bayyanar a duniya

The asalin tsuntsaye da aka bayyana da dama theories. A daya daga cikinsu ya kamata su tsuntsaye da suke zaune a cikin bishiyoyi. Farko, da suka yi tsalle daga reshe ya reshe. Sa'an nan, ya slipped, to, kuyi kananan jiragen a guda itacen, kuma a karshe koyi tashi a bude sarari.

Wani ka'idar nuna cewa asalin tsuntsaye da ake dangantawa da magabatan tsuntsaye, wadda suka dabbobi masu rarrafe da hudu kafafu. Gwamnatin, da Sikeli zama gashinsa, kyale dabbobi masu rarrafe yi da Jump, yawo a takaice nesa. Daga baya, da dabbobi sun koyi su tashi.

The asalin tsuntsaye daga dabbobi masu rarrafe

Bisa wannan ka'idar, zamu iya cewa magabatan tsuntsaye suna ma rarrafe dabbobi masu rarrafe. Na farko, su yi sheƙarsu kasance a kan ƙasa. Yana janyo hankalin yara da cewa an kullum lalata sheƙarsu da kajin. Kula da zũriyarsu da su, masu rarrafe zauna a cikin girgije mai rassan itatuwa. A lokaci guda a kan qwai fara samar da wata wuya harsashi. Kafin cewa, su aka mai rufi da wani fim. Maimakon Sikeli sun gashinsa, wanda aiki a matsayin wani tushe na zafi ga qwai. A wata gabar jiki suna ƙara da kuma rufe da gashinsa.

The asalin tsuntsaye daga zamanin d dabbobi masu rarrafe bayyananne kamar yadda masana kimiyya suka yi ĩmãni. Magabatan tsuntsaye fara kula da zũriyarsu: suna ciyar da kajin a cikin gida. Don wannan m abinci niƙa a kananan guda da kuma sanya shi a cikin beaks yara. Tare da ikon tashi, da tsuntsu na zamanin d m lokaci zai fi kare kansu daga harin da abokan gābansu.

Magabatan - waterfowl

The asalin tsuntsaye, bisa ga wani ka'idar, saboda da takwarorinsu waterfowl. Its zama ya rage maku godiya ga wannan version na zamanin d tsuntsaye, wadda aka samu a kasar Sin. A cewar masana harkokin kimiyya, sun kasance cikin ruwa da kuma rayu fiye da dari shekaru miliyan da suka wuce.

Kamar yadda ka'idar, da tsuntsaye da kuma dinosaur rayu tare shekaru miliyan sittin. Daga cikin Finds sun gashinsa, tsoka membrane. By nazarin saura, masana binciken burbushin halittu sanya wadannan ƙarshe: da kakaninmu na tsuntsaye suna iyo. Don samun abinci daga cikin ruwa, suna ruwa.

The kamar tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu rarrafe?

Idan muka yi nazarin asalin tsuntsaye, da kama tsakanin su da kuma wakilan da sauran azuzuwan shi ne, ba wuya a samu. Feathering ne mafi m alama na bayyanar da tsuntsãye. A wasu dabbobi ba su da gashinsa. Wannan bambancin na tsuntsaye daga sauran dabbobi. Ãyõyin wadannan kamance:

• yatsun kafa da kuma bobbin da yawa tsuntsu rufe Sikeli da scutes na cornea, kamar yadda a cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe. Saboda haka, da Sikeli a kan kafafu iya maye gurbin gashinsa. Characteristically, farkon gashinsa a cikin tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu rarrafe ba su bambanta ba. Kawai tsuntsaye sa'an nan ɓullo da gashinsa, da kuma dabbobi masu rarrafe - ma'auni.
• Binciko asalin tsuntsaye, musamman da kama da wanda tare da m dabbobi masu rarrafe, masana kimiyya sun ƙaddara cewa mafi shahararren ne muƙamuƙi na'ura. Kawai a cikin tsuntsaye, sai ya juya a cikin wani baki, da kuma dabbobi masu rarrafe zauna guda kamar yadda a kunkuru.
• Wani ãyã daga cikin kama tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu rarrafe - tsarin kwarangwal. A kwanyar da kuma kashin baya da alaƙa daya kawai hump, dake a cikin occipital yankin. Ganin cewa a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma halittar dabba mai kafafuwa a cikin wannan tsari hannu biyu tubercles.
• Location na pelvic abin ɗamara na tsuntsaye da kuma dinosaur ne guda. Wannan shi ne bayyanannu a cikin kwarangwal dinsa. Wannan wuri da ake dangantawa da wata load a kan ƙasusuwan kafafuwa a lokacin tafiya, kamar yadda jiki da aka gudanar shafe kawai Hind wata gabar jiki.
• A tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu rarrafe zuciya yan hudu. Wasu masu rarrafe gagara bẽnãye ne bai cika ba, sa'an nan da jijiya da kuma venous jini aka haxa. Irin wannan banda kisan gillar masu rarrafe kira. Birds da hakan kungiyar, idan aka kwatanta da dabbobi masu rarrafe, suna da dumin jiki. Wannan yana cika ta hanyar cire jirgin ruwa cewa daukawa jini a cikin lakã daga jannayẽnsa. A cikin tsuntsaye, ba tare da Mix jijiya.
• Wani irin fasalin - Hatching qwai. Wannan shi ne hali da pythons. Sun sa game da goma sha biyar, qwai. Macizai juya up a kan su, kafa irin alfarwa.
• Mai tsuntsaye kamar masu rarrafe tãyuna, wanda a farko mataki na ci gaba kama kifi-kamar halittun da wutsiyoyi da gills. Wannan ya sa nan gaba look kamar chick a cikin sauran vertabrate a farkon matakai na raya kasa.

Bambance-bambance da tsuntsãye daga dabbobi masu rarrafe

Lokacin da burbushin halittu nazarin asalin tsuntsaye, suka kwatanta gaskiya da kuma gudanar da binciken tattara bit ta bit, da kuma gano abin da tsuntsaye ne kama da dabbobi ne masu rarrafe.

Mene ne su bambance-bambance, gani a kasa:

• Lokacin da tsuntsaye sun sauko farko reshe, da suka fara tashi.
• A yanayin jiki na tsuntsaye ne ba dogara a kan external yanayi, shi ne ko da yaushe akai da kuma high, yayin da masu rarrafe fada barci a lokacin da sanyi weather.
• Birds da yawa kasusuwa ne Fused, suna bambanta da gaban Tarsus.
• A cikin tsuntsaye, akwai iska bags.
• Birds gina sheƙarsu, incubate da qwai da kuma shãyar da matasa.

Pervoptitsy

A halin yanzu samu dadaddiyar tsuntsaye. Bayan nazarin, da masu bincike zo ga ƙarshe cewa su duk kasance a cikin wannan jinsin, wanda ya rayu shekara ɗari da hamsin shekaru miliyan da suka wuce. Yana archeopteryx, wanda fassara nufin "drevneperye". Sun bambanta daga yau tsuntsaye ne haka a bayyane yake cewa Archeopteryx sun kasaftawa a raba division - yascherohvostye tsuntsaye.

Little karatu da dadaddun tsuntsaye. Janar halaye rage zuwa kayyade bayyanar da wasu daga cikin siffofin da ciki kwarangwal. Pervoptitsa ne a cikin kananan size, da yawa kamar wani zamani arba'in. Forelegs ta da fikafikai, da iyakar abin da kawo karshen tare da uku dogon yatsunsu tare da fika. kashi nauyi babba, don haka dadaddun tsuntsaye ba su tashi, amma kawai rarrafe.

Mazauninsu - ~ ar teku na marine lagoons da m ciyayi. A jaws da hakora, da kuma wutsiya - vertebrae. Tsakanin Archeopteryx da kuma na zamani tsuntsaye babu sadarwa an kafa. Pervoptitsy ba kai tsaye magabatan mu tsuntsaye.

The darajar da kariya daga tsuntsãye

The asalin tsuntsaye ne na bayar da muhimmanci a al'amarin. Birds wani bangare ne na nazarin halittu, sarƙoƙi da suke da hannu a cikin zagayowar rai al'amari. Ikon herbivorous tsuntsaye akwai 'ya'yan itãcen, tsaba, kore ciyayi.

Daban-daban tsuntsaye da daban-daban matsayin. Granivorous - ci tsaba da 'ya'yan itatuwa, wasu irin - taskacẽwar su, dauke da tsawon nisa. A kan hanyar zuwa wurin da tsaba suna rasa. Wannan shi ne yanayin da shuka waste. Wasu tsuntsaye ne iya pollinate su.

Taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin yanayin insectivorous tsuntsaye. Su sarrafa alƙarya na kwari cin su. Idan akwai wani tsuntsaye, kwari hallakaswa aiki zai zama irreparable.

Man, kamar yadda ta damar da kariya tsuntsaye taimaka musu su tsira a cikin matsananci winters. Mutane a ko'ina sun rataye wucin gadi sheƙarsu. Sun shirya tsuntsaye, flycatchers, titmice. Winter lokaci ne halin da rashin halitta abinci ga tsuntsãye. Saboda haka, ya kamata a ciyar da tsuntsaye, ciko nesting kananan 'ya'yan itãce, tsaba, burodi crumbs. Wasu tsuntsaye ne kasuwanci jinsunan: geese, ducks, takaddamarsu, capercaillie, black takaddamarsu. Da darajar da mutum mai girma. Sports amfani woodcocks, snipe, snipe.

ban sha'awa facts

Daga a tarihi mai nisa: jiki da kuma kafafu Archeopteryx aka rufe da dogon gashinsa, uku da rabi santimita. Yana iya zaci cewa tsuntsu da kafafu waving. Gashinsa da aka gada daga kakanninsu, wanda ya rayu a baya sau da a jirgin amfani da duk da fukafuki guda hudu.

Yau: ciko nesting tsuntsaye ciyar da abinci, kana bukatar ka tabbatar da cewa gishiri akwai ba zai buga. Shi ne mai guba ga fari da tsuntsaye.