The hasken rana Corona: bayanin, fasali, haske da ban sha'awa facts

Sun - shi ne mai babbar fanni na zafi gas da cewa samar da gagarumin makamashi da haske da kuma yin rayuwa a duniya zai yiwu.

Wannan samaniya wuri ne babbar kuma mafi m da hasken rana tsarin. Daga cikin Earth zuwa gare shi daga nesa daga miliyan 150 kilomita. Don isa mu da zafi da hasken rana daukan game da takwas da minti. Wannan nesa ne ma ake magana a kai a matsayin takwas haske-minti.

Star, Warming mu duniya kunshi da dama m yadudduka, kamar photosphere, da chromosphere da Corona. The m yadudduka da yanayi hasken rana don ƙirƙirar surface cewa kumfa na viscera, Mai gani taurari, da kuma bayyana a matsayin hasken rana.

Bijiro da batun kafa vneshenego Sun Layer

A Layer cewa mu gani, da ake kira photosphere, ko wani fanni na haske. Photosphere alama mai haske jini tafasar granules da duhu sanyi sunspots, wanda ke faruwa a lokacin da hasken rana Magnetic filayen karya ta surface. Spots bayyana kuma motsa fadin hasken rana faifai. Kallon wannan yunkuri, da ilmin Taurari kammala da cewa mu star ya jũya a kan ta axis. Tun da rana yana da wani m goyon baya, daban-daban yankunan juya a daban-daban gudu. Ekweita zo cikakken da'ira a game da kwanaki 24, yayin da na iyakacin duniya juyawa iya ɗaukar fiye da kwana 30 (yin juyin juya hali).

Mene ne photosphere?

A photosphere ne ma tushen hasken rana flares: da harshen wuta da cewa budewa dubban daruruwan mil sama da hasken rana surface. Solar flares nuna bursts na X-ray, ultraviolet, electromagnetic radiation da igiyoyin rediyo. A tushen X-ray, kuma rediyo watsi ne kai tsaye da hasken rana Corona.

Mene ne chromosphere?

Yankin kewaye photosphere, wanda shi ne cikin matsanancin harsashi na Sun, da ake kira chromosphere. Kunci yanki raba kambi daga chromosphere. A zafin jiki yakan sharply a miƙa mulki yankin, daga 'yan dubu digiri a cikin chromosphere zuwa fiye da miliyan digiri a cikin Corona. Chromosphere fitarda m luminescence ne superheated da konewa na hydrogen. Amma ja baki za a iya gani kawai a lokacin wani giciye. A wasu lokuta, da haske daga chromosphere, shi ne yawanci ma rauni ga shi kan bango na haske photosphere. da jini yawa da dama cikin sauri ta hanyar mika mulki yankin ne motsi up daga chromosphere da Corona.

Mene ne hasken rana Corona? description

Masana ilmin aka kullum da za'ayi bincike tatsuniya shirya kai da hasken rana Corona. Abin da yake wakilta?

Wannan hasken rana yanayi ko matsanancin Layer. Wannan sunan da aka bai saboda ya bayyanar ya zama na fili lokacin da akwai wani total kallon masassarar rana. A barbashi daga cikin Corona lullube nisa a sararin samaniya, kuma, a gaskiya, isa Duniya ta falaki. A tsari ne yafi ƙaddara da Magnetic filin. The free electrons a Corona tafi tare filin Lines na Magnetic filayen samar da dama daban-daban Tsarin. Forms, wanda ake lura a cikin Corona sama sunspots sau da yawa da kofaton siffar, wanda sake tabbatar da cewa sun bi Lines daga cikin Magnetic filin. Daga saman wadannan "arches" dogon streamers iya rarraba a nesa hasken rana diamita ko ma fiye da yadda idan wasu aiwatar fitarwa abu daga na fi arches a sarari. Wannan hannu da hasken rana da iska, wanda da dama a waje ta hanyar mu da hasken rana tsarin. Masana ilmin kiran irin wannan mamaki "kwalkwali streamers" saboda su kama da kaya kwalkwali sawa Knights da amfani da wasu daga cikin Jamusanci sojoji har 1918

Mene ne wani kambi?

The abu daga wanda aka kafa da hasken rana Corona, shi ne musamman zafi, kunsha na wani tenuous jini. A zafin jiki cikin kambi a kan miliyan digiri, abin mamaki, da ya fi yadda da surface zafin jiki na Sun, wanda yake shi ne game da 5500 ° C. Matsa lamba da kuma kambi yawa yawa ƙananan fiye da a cikin yanayi.

Kiyaye bayyane bakan da hasken rana Corona, mai haske watsi Lines a wavelengths an gano cewa ba daidai sani kayan. A wannan batun, Masana ilmin hypothesized da wanzuwar wani "kambi" a matsayin babban gas a cikin Corona. A gaskiya yanayi na wannan sabon abu da ya zauna a wani asiri har sai sun gano cewa coronal gas overheated sama 1.000.000 ° C. A gaban irin wannan babban zazzabi biyu rinjaye abubuwa - hydrogen da helium - cikakken hana ta electrons. Ko qananan kayan kamar carbon, oxygen da kuma nitrogen kwace wa danda nuclei. Kawai mutum aka gyara (baƙin ƙarfe da alli) ne iya ci gaba da wasu daga cikin electrons a ƙarƙashin rinjayar zazzabi. Radiation daga wadannan sosai ionized abubuwa wanda ya samar da da na Lines har kwanan zauna enigmatic for farkon ilmin Taurari.

Haske da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Solar surface ne ma mai haske da kuma, kamar yadda mai mulkin, mu gani ba ne ba samuwa shi da hasken rana yanayi, da Corona na rana ne kuma ba a bayyane zuwa ga tsirara ido. A m Layer na yanayi ne na bakin ciki sosai da kuma rauni, don haka shi za a iya gani kawai daga Earth a lokacin wani giciye ko da wani musamman kawo nesa kusa-coronagraph cewa mimics husufi, rufe wani haske rana faifai. Wasu coronagraph amfani da ƙasa-tushen nesa, yayin da wasu dauki a kan tauraron dan adam.

Da hasken rana da Corona a X-haskoki ne saboda ta babbar zazzabi. A daya hannun, da hasken rana photosphere fitarda sosai kadan X-haskoki. Yana ba ka damar duba da kambi na Sun ta faifai, a lokacin da muka gan shi a X-haskoki. Yana amfani da musamman kimiyyan gani da hasken wuta, wadda ba ka damar ganin X-haskoki. A farkon 70s na farko US sarari tashar Skylab amfani da X-ray kawo nesa kusa, tare da abin da suke a fili a bayyane hasken rana Corona da kuma hasken rana spots ko ramukan farko. A lokacin ƙarnin an ba da wata babbar adadin bayanai da hotuna a kan Sun ta Corona. Da taimakon da tauraron dan adam da hasken rana Corona zama mafi m ga sabon da ban sha'awa lura da Sun, da fasali da kuma tsauri yanayi.

zafin jiki na Sun

Ko da yake ciki tsarin da hasken rana core da yake a ɓõye daga kai tsaye kallo, shi za a iya kammala tare da yin amfani da daban-daban model cewa matsakaicin yawan zafin jiki cikin mu star ne game da miliyan 16 digiri (Celsius). A photosphere - bayyane surface na rana - yana da zazzabi na game da 6000 digiri Celsius, amma shi qara sosai sharply daga 6,000 darajõji ga 'yan miliyan digiri a cikin Corona, kusa da kilomita 500 a sama da photosphere.

A rana zafi a ciki fiye da a kan waje. Duk da haka, cikin matsanancin yanayi na rana, da kambi zahiri tsananin zafi fiye da photosphere.

A ƙarshen thirties Grotrian (1939) da kuma Edlen gano cewa, m na Lines lura a da bakan da hasken rana Corona, da haskakawa abubuwa, kamar baƙin ƙarfe (Fe), alli (Ca) da kuma nickel (Ni) a sosai high ionization, saukarwa. Sun kammala da cewa coronal gas heats sama da zafin jiki a kan miliyan 1 digiri.

Tambayar da dalilin da ya sa Corona ne don haka zafi, shi ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi jaraba wuyar warwarewa wasanni ilmin taurari a cikin past 60 shekaru. A unequivocal amsar wannan tambaya shi ne ba.

Ko da yake hasken rana Corona immeasurably zafi, shi ma yana da matukar low yawa. Saboda haka, kawai karamin rabo daga cikin jimlar hasken rana radiation da ake bukata domin recharge Corona. A duka ikon radiated ta X-ray, shi ne kawai game da daya-milyan na jimlar luminosity na rana. A muhimmanci tambaya shi ne yadda makamashi ne hawa zuwa kambi, da kuma abin da inji ne ke da alhakin kai.

A sunadaran da hasken rana Corona ikon

da dama daban-daban rawanin samar da sunadaran da aka samarwa a tsawon shekaru:

• Kiya tãguwar ruwa.

• Azumi da kuma jinkirin magneto-Ft Irfan tãguwar ruwa tel.

• Alfven tãguwar ruwa jiki.

• Jinkirin da sauri magneto-Ft Irfan surface tãguwar ruwa.

• Yanzu (ko Magnetic filin) - masha'a.

• A kõguna na barbashi da Magnetic juyi.

Wadannan sunadaran da aka tabbatar da duka biyu a rubuce da kuma gwaje, da kuma na zamani, kawai Ft Irfan taguwar ruwa da aka cire.

Duk da yake cewa ya ba tukuna aka yi karatu, wanda ya ƙare da na sama da iyaka da kambi. Duniya da kuma sauran duniyoyi na hasken rana tsarin located ciki da kambi. Tantancewar radiation na Corona aka lura a 10-20 hasken rana radii (da miliyoyin kilomita) da aka hada tare da sabon abu na waɗansu masaukai haske.

Magnetic kafet da hasken rana Corona

Kwanan nan, da "Magnetic kafet" An hade da wani wuyar warwarewa daga coronal dumama.

Sauraron yadda ake gudanar da babban sarari ƙuduri nuna cewa surface rufe hasken rana rauni Magnetic filayen mayar da hankali a kananan yankunan da m polarity (Magnetic kafet). Wadannan Magnetic taro, an dauke su da babban maki daga cikin mutum Magnetic shambura dauke wutar lantarki.

Recent lura da wannan "Magnetic kafet" nuna wani ban sha'awa Trend: photospheric Magnetic filin ci gaba da motsa, hul] a da juna, kuma suna warwatse a waje ga wani sosai gajeren lokaci. Magnetic reconnection tsakanin Magnetic filin daga m polarity filin topology iya canza da kuma sakin Magnetic makamashi. reconnection aiwatar ma zai kai ga masha'a lantarki igiyoyin, wanda maida na'urar samar da makamashi cikin zãfi.

Wannan janar ra'ayin yadda Magnetic kafet iya hannu a cikin coronal dumama. Duk da haka, don tabbatar da cewa "Magnetic kafet" kyakkyawan yanke shawarar coronal dumama matsalar ba zai iya zama, kamar yadda wani gwada yawa model na tsari ya ba tukuna aka samarwa.

Iya rana a sõmammu?

The hasken rana tsarin ne don haka rikitarwa da kuma unexplored cewa sa mamaki kalamai kamar: "Rana nan da sannu zã ku fita," ko, a akasin haka, "Sun zafin jiki yakan kuma ba da jimawa rayuwa a duniya ba zai yiwu ba" sauti akalla m. Wa zai iya yin irin wannan tsinkaya, ba da sanin daidai da abin da sunadaran underlie wannan m star?!