Theodosius, Genoese sansanin soja. jan hankali Feodosia

Genoese sansanin soja - wani hadadden na m Tsarin, gina a tsakiyar zamanai a kan ƙasa na gari kamar Feodosia (Crimea). Yana da aka halitta a cikin XIV karni.

Sansanin soja da aka gina don kare Jamhuriyar Genoa Kafa - mafi babbar tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin Crimea. Yau, a wannan ƙasa dake tarihi da kuma gine-gine da ajiye.

Mutane da yawa yawon bude ido garken nan don a ji dadin mai ban mamaki views na zamanin d garu da hasumiyoyin, sansana da zamanin da, rinjaye a nan da kuma jin da yanayi na tsakiyar zamanai. Bari mu samu matsahi na saba da tarihin wannan majestic sansanin soja.

A zamanin d birnin Feodosiya. headwaters

Feodosia (Crimea) - wani gari tare da mai tarihi cewa kara ɗe fiye da ashirin da biyar da ƙarni. Yana da aka gina a cikin VI karni BC. e. Greek natsuwa. A farkon karni na IV BC ya zama wani ɓangare na Bosporus jihar. Sa'an nan Theodosius kuma samu ta yanzu sunan. An fassara a matsayin "Allah-ba."

A marmarin kama birnin ne saboda ta m ɓangaren da kuma kasancewarsu a cikin Crimea daban-daban raw kayan cinikayya: ulu, kifi, gishiri, da zuma, da sauran tsada kaya. Very da sauri Theodosius samo asali a cikin wani habaka ciniki shiri da kuma daya daga cikin cibiyoyin da bawa a cikin Crimea.

Lokacin da Girka ya fadi a cikin disrepair, birnin ya akai-akai shũɗe a karkashin iko da Roman Empire, da Khazars, Byzantine Empire. Up har sai X karni Theodosius ya a yanayin talauci. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da Romawa da su ciniki tashoshin jiragen ruwa, mafi m da wuri fiye da na Crimea. Raguwar Theodosius ya jagoranci hare-hare da kuma wasu nomadic hordes. A XIII karni birnin da aka karkashin iko na Golden taro, kuma aka sa'an nan sayo ta Genoese fatake.

Genoese lokaci. Samar da wani sansanin soja

An yanzu dauke mafi m, a tarihin birnin na Kaffa (Feodosia). Genoese sansanin soja, ta hanyar, da aka gina a wani lokaci.

Fara na flowering za a iya dangana kamar zuwa tsakiyar XIII karni. Genoese fatake, ya shiga Black Sea, gani bayyana amfanin da gida bay. A shafin na tsohon birnin da suka sanya wani fatauci shiri, wanda aka mai suna Kafa. Kuma godiya ga m kufaifan na Konstantinoful dauki iko da dukkan teku hanyoyi manyan daga Rum zuwa Gabas.

Ba da da ewa, Feodosiya shi ne babban Genoese mallaka a Crimea. Shi ne wani muhimmin sufuri Trade Center. Ta hanyar Theodosius a cikin kasashen Turai da aka kawo daga Gabas furs da alkama, da zinariya, da duwatsu masu daraja, da kayan yaji ain. Amma babban kuma mafi m samfurin, kamar yadda kafin, alas, ya kasance m bayi.

A general, a wannan lokaci na Theodosius shi ne mai habaka birni. The yawan sa'an nan ya ƙidaya game da 70,000 rayuka. A garin yana da wani wasan kwaikwayo da kuma wani reshe na bankin, minted da kansa tsabar kudi.

Halittar Genoese sansanin soja

A tsakiyar XIV Genoese sansanin soja da aka gina don kare Kafa. Shi ne ba kawai mai haske batu na amfani, amma kuma a hakikanin girman kai na birni na Kaffa (Feodosia). Genoese sansanin soja shi ne na biyu mafi girma a kuma mafi iko a Turai. Yana da aka located a kudu da birnin, a kan tekun na Feodosia Bay. Ta yi biyu Lines na tsaro kayan aiki: da kagara - zuciya na sansanin soja - da kuma m ɓangare.

Its kewaye ƙidaya fiye da dubu biyar mita. Yana kunshi fiye da talatin hasumiyarki. Sha'awa, kowannensu yana da da kansa sunan. Karkashin ganuwar da sansanin soja da aka located zurfi tsanya, wanda bauta ba ne kawai don kare birnin, amma kuma ga lambatu ruwa a cikin teku.

A kagara da aka gina a kan m gangara, wanda taka rawar da primary m Tsarin. The abu don halittarsa bauta farar ƙasa, mined daga seabed ko daga nan kusa duwatsu. A total tsawon ganuwar wuce 700 m Su size ya fiye 11 m, da kuma fadin -. Aƙalla biyu. A kagara aka ayi Consula Palace, da gida taskar, da kotu, kazalika da hannun jari da musamman tsada dukiya - furs, silks, da kwanoni masu daraja.

Kuma ko da yake mafi yawan gine-gine domin mutane da yawa ƙarni da aka hallaka, kowane mazauni na sashin tare da girman kai za su iya gaya inda Genoese sansanin soja, kamar yadda aka halicce su.

A kewaye da sansanin soja na Golden taro sojojin

Tare da ƙarfi a cikin cafe hade da daya daga cikin mafi masifu a Turai. Muna magana ne game da wani annoba annoba wadda ya barke a 1347 - 1351 shekaru. Yana duk fara da cewa Golden taro sojojin, wadda aka karkashin jagorancin Khan Dzhanibek, kokarin kama masu arziki da wadata birni Kafa (Feodosia). Genoese sansanin soja, bayanin kula da aka tsara don haka da zai iya tsayayya da wani hari. Tatar sojan doki kawai bai iya shawo kan high da karfi ganuwar da hawa kan mai zurfi tsanya haƙa a gaban su. A Djanibek zauna daya bege - dauki mazauna cikin biyayya. A kewaye da mangolawa Genoese iya wuce domin da yawa watanni a cikin Crimea, idan ta kasance ba ban tausayi.

Rani zafi da kuma rashin cin nasara to bi da mafi asali hygienic bukatun, kazalika da jari na wata babbar lamba na sojoji tsokane da fashewa daga cikin annoba ta besiegers. Sa'an nan, dõmin su kama da sansanin soja Dzhanibek da umarnin don canja wurin jikin matattu ta hanyar ganuwar. A birnin da ke da cutar ta fara. Da sanin abin da aka faruwa, m Genoese yan kasuwa (akwai a cikin birni game da dubu) a asirce bar Cafu da kuma tafi gida.

Sauran mazauna a cikin wani kokarin da sauri bar abin ya shafa yankin, garzaya zuwa bude ƙofofin da mika wuya. Duk da haka, Khan Dzhanibek su hana yaduwar cutar cikin sojojinsa, bai shiga birni, da kuma bar shi, ba ko da a rufe. A halin yanzu da Genoese zo gida, ya bar wani mummunan cuta a cikin dukan biranen inda kadai tasha. A sakamakon haka ne m ga dukan tarihin Turai da annoba, wanda dade fiye da shekaru uku, kuma wanda aka kashe shi, bisa ga daban-daban kimomi, daga kwata zuwa rabi daga cikin jimlar yawan nahiyar.

Wasu daga cikin kasar da kuma birnin kaucewa yashe. Wannan annoba da aka bayyana a cikin da yawa wallafe-wallafen da ayyuka, ciki har da "Decameron" by Boccaccio.

Genoese sansanin soja a cikin XV - XIX ƙarni

A ƙarshen XV karni Theodosius aka kama da Ottoman sojojin. A Turks halaka birnin farko, sa'an nan ya gina shi da kuma sake masa suna. Yanzu sai aka kira shi Kef. Ya zama birnin wata babbar ciniki tashar jiragen ruwa na Turkiyya. Ga shi aka located cikin shahararrun kasuwar bayi a kusa da arewacin Black Sea Coast.

A 1616 da sansanin soja da aka kutsa Zaporozhye Cossacks jagorancin Petra Sagaydachnogo. Su sauri ci iko sojojin da kuma 'yantar da fursunonin.

Tun da ƙarshen XVIII karni Theodosius mallakar Rasha Empire.

A cikin XIX karni, da castle aka kusan gaba daya hallaka. Kuma, Oddly isa, dalilin wannan ya ba da wani yaki da kuma kewaye. Gaskiyar ita ce, a wancan lokaci rasa kayan gina gidaje da kuma sauran gine-ginen. Mazauna wurin da kwakkwance da na da sansanin soja da yin amfani da wannan dutse.

Sansanin soja a cikin XX karni

A 1920, an kafa karshe Soviet da iko a birnin. Theodosius (Genoese sansanin soja tare da shi), duk da halaka, ya ci gaba da ci gaba da burbushi na tsohon ikon.

A lokacin yakin duniya na II yawa daga cikin birnin, kuma tare da shi - da kuma zamanin da kufaifan, aka halaka su da Jamus sojojin.

Bayan tashin Theodosius tsiwirwirinsu matsayi na makõma. The kango sun janyo hankalin yawon bude ido daga ko'ina a fadin kasar.

Genoese sansanin soja a yau

Yau da sansanin soja da aka kusan kiyaye su. Dukan abin da aka bar na shi - da kuma kudancin yamma bango na kagara, 'yan hasumiyai a warwatse ko'ina cikin birnin. Har ila yau, a cikin tsakiyar ɓangare na kiyaye wasu majami'u, Turkish baho da wata gada.

Duk da cewa da Genoese sansanin soja a Feodosia ba kamar yadda ya shahara a matsayin Sudak, a yau shi ne mai rare yawon bude ido. Zai yiwu saboda gaskiyar cewa wuraren an ba hõre sabuntawa, da kuma gudanar da su ci gaba da gaskiya, kwantantuwa ruhun tsufa da kuma tsakiyar zamanai. Kuma me ya sa shi ne don haka m Genoese sansanin soja. Matafiyi Reviews nuna cewa shi ne mai ban kuma musamman yankin inda kana so ka dawo kuma da sake.

Yadda za a samu a can?

Yau, watakila, da kowa da kowa a birnin iya gaya inda Genoese sansanin soja. Tour iya fara dama daga tashar jirgin yankin, neman a hasumiyar Constantine dake akwai. Don samun ragowar na zamanin d kagara ne mai sauqi - kawai tambaye wani passer-ta, inda Genoese sansanin soja.

Yadda za a samu zirga-zirga? Za ka iya samun akwai da motar jigila №1 zuwa kasuwa. Ko za ka iya daukar yawo - yana daukan kasa da rabin awa, amma zai zama mafi m kwarewa. Auku a kan Gorky Street. Bayan juya hagu riga da zai zama a bayyane zuwa ga Genoese sansanin soja. Login ko kuma wajen, da ƙofofi, an kiyaye kyau, amma dubawa ne mafi kyau don fara tare da m gada, tare da m view of kwarin.

Sansanin soja a Feodosia da art

Tsanin rãnã Theodosia janyo hankalin da yawa da suka shahara. Amma ya yaba ta duniya-sanannen mai zane-zane, marine fenta Ivan Aivazovsky. A nan na fi son ka huta Anton Chekhov. A Feodosia rayu Osip Mandelstam da Aleksandr grin. Af, a nan an rubuta ta "Gudun a kan Waves".

Sauran kiyaye sansanin soja Crimea

Kufaifan a Feodosia - shi ba ne kawai da Genoese sansanin soja a cikin Crimea. Kamar yadda riga aka ambata a sama, 'yan kasuwa, da ke neman cikakken kama da teku hanyoyi, karfafa daban-daban birane. Wata irin wannan m Tsarin tsira remarkably da kyau, kuma yana janyo hankalin masu yawa yawon bude ido a yau. Menene sunan birnin a cikin abin da Genoese kagara? Sudak.

Tikitin farashin a rubles ne game da 150-160. Ko da yake daga tsakiyar ɓangare ne kusan kome ba bar, bango yi da kuma yanzu buga ta girma da kuma inaccessibility, a tsaye daga fili a kan bango na bay. Sansanin soja a Sudak, ko, kamar yadda aka sa'an nan da ake kira, a cikin Sughd aka gina kadan daga baya fiye da a Feodosia. A yau shi ne wani yanayi ajiye. Shi ne mafi kyau in je can a watan Agusta - a wani ajali lokaci a kagara, m joust, zaunanniya fiye da mako guda.

Abin da kuma ganin a Feodosia?

Na da kagara - wannan shi ne babu shakka mafi tsufa, amma ba kawai girman kai na Feodosia. Daga cikin sauran daidai da kyau shi ne zai yiwu a lura da wani na musamman gallery na zane-zane ta hanyar Aivazovsky, gabatar da artist garinsu.

Wani shahararren wuri - da gidan-gidan kayan gargajiya na Green, inda marubucin ya rayu kuma ya yi aiki. A ban mamaki duniyar almarar kimiyya ayyukan sake ƙirƙirarsu a cikin wani nau'i na jirgin. Kuma, ba shakka, kada ku manta da yawa Monuments da marẽmari, gidajen tarihi da kuma gidãjen Aljanna cewa ƙawata fuskar wannan gagarumin birni.

Theodosius da kyau, kazalika da kiyaye saura na zamanin d Genoese sansanin soja. tsoho fi gaban a faɗi yanayi da ke sa zuciya ta doke sauri, kuma Yanã da wani rinjãya tura zuwa komawa zuwa wannan m birni.