Tushen-jingina: ayyuka da kuma misalan

A Flora na duniya tamu ne musamman bambancin. Wani lokaci Flora suna dukar domin ta m na'urorin abin da aka kafa daga gare su daidaita da wa muhalli da yanayi. Wasu daga cikin su da ya sãme wani mai wuce yarda mai haske da kuma da kyawawan launuka, wasu - m da m 'ya'yan itãce, da uku mamaki m ganye.

Daga cikin su akwai waɗanda aka tilasta ta samar da wata musamman irin asalinsu. Kamar yadda aka sani, jikin - kusan mafi muhimmanci da kuma muhimmanci a shuka abinci mai gina jiki. Ga muka dubi misali daya na lafiya, ido-kamawa da kuma sosai asali tushen iri.

Vegetative gabobin da tsire-tsire

A general, bada amsa ga wani terrestrial kwayar shuke-shuke, tsaye a waje a cikin tsarin mulki a 'yan ainihin tsarin sassa.

1. A sama-ƙasa part. Hada da QShortcut ciki har da kara, ganye da furanni (nan gaba amfanin).
2. A karkashin kasa part. Wakilta tushen da duk Associated tsarin sassa.

Duk da shuke-shuke da aka jera hukumomin kira autonomic, watau ba su shiga a cikin jima'i haifuwa. Tushen ne daya daga cikin mafiya muhimmanci na waɗannan sassan jiki, kamar yadda ya yi aikin sosai daban-daban, amma da muhimmanci ga shuka ayyuka. Rarrabe tsakanin daban-daban na tushen tsarin, kazalika da daban-daban na tushen kansu (numfashi, , jingina Tushen, majajjawa da sauransu).

Nau'in na tushen tsarin

Yana za a iya raba cikin ta bijiro da batun kafa da aka gyara da dukan tushen tsarin da shuka. Saboda haka, release:

• Babban tushen - wanda ake iya kafa daga apical meristem da kuma rike shi aiki cikin rayuwar (ie, a tushen yana da Unlimited girma). An halin tabbatacce geotropism - ikon orientate girma zuwa tsakiyar Duniya saukar.
• Adventitious tushen - wadanda aka kafa a sassa daban daban na shuka, da tsohon Tushen, ganye, mai tushe, da kuma sauransu. Misali -props Tushen, m tushen na epiphytic shuke-shuke da sauransu.
• Kaikaice - wadanda wanda aka branched a babban ko kananan adadin da babban da kuma m, forming tare da su guda tushen tsarin na wani irin.

A dangane da aikewa da wani irin tushen tsarin 2 aka zaci su saka su na asali iri.

1. Matsa tushen tsarin - kamar yadda mafi furta shi ne babban tushen, da kuma a kaikaice da adventitious kawai Bugu da kari (mafi yawa wakilan bipartite aji).
2. Fibrous - a lokacin da babu wani tsakiyar furta kashin baya. All tare - main, a kaikaice da adventitious - silnovetvyaschiysya samar da wata guda cuta na zaren. More kowa a monocots.

Very mai girma amfani da daban-daban gyare-gyare na tushen. Daya daga cikin su ne kawai da tushen-jingina, ayyuka da kuma misalai na wanda aka bayyana a kasa.

Mene ne tushen-jingina?

Wannan sosai na musamman adventitious Tushen cewa samar a kan shuka kara. Saboda haka, tushen-jingina - shi ne ba da babban da zama ƙarƙashin tsarin. Suna kuma halin da kyau geotropism, kazalika da babban tushen.

Sanya shuke-shuke da ciwon irin wannan na'urar, da ake kira banyan. Su suna dauke su a cikin gida da kasar (Indiya, da Asiya, da wurare masu zafi kasashen) yana da muhimmanci sosai, kuma ko da alfarma. Outwardly sosai sabon abu a diamita duk tushen a cikin tara na iya isa da dama dubun, ko ma daruruwan mita. Akwai dalilai da dama ya sa irin wannan-kafa tushen backups. Su ayyuka ne da muhimmanci ga shuke-shuke.

Ayyuka irin wannan tushen

1. Ƙarin kai na ruwa da kuma ma'adanai.
2. Goyi aiki ga mafi alhẽri kam da kuma karfafa shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa.
3. Kamawa babban ci gaban yankin godiya ga dorewar duk adnexal Tsarin.

Tushen-madadin aiki yi da kyau bangaskiya. Shuke-shuke da ciwon irin wannan fasali, shi ne sosai sabon abu da kuma m look kuma dauki a cikin wurare masu zafi da gandun daji na sararin yanki na sarari.

Tushen-jingina: misalai na wurare masu zafi shuke-shuke

The girma na wannan irin shuke-shuke yana nufin ficus. A kasar da aka girma su - India, inda duk abin da aka dauke alfarma banyan da kuma sha tsaurara lafiya da kuma kula a kan wani ɓangare na mutum.

Alal misali, Indian ficus, wanda yake shi ne Latin sunan Ficus elastika, a yanayi ne babban itace high (har zuwa 30 m) tare da manyan duhu kore bar m kyau m. Saiwoyinsa-jingina ayyuka yi duk wannan: tallafi a rutin, kama ƙasa, kuma zuwa sami high iko. Wannan inji iya girma da girman da karamin kurmi.

dakin analogue

An dade kasance a irin dakin Ficus elastika. Wannan shi ne wani karamin tukunya shuka cewa ba Bloom, mai daraja ga da kyau na da lush, m ganye da kuma manyan. Ga shi, duk da yanayin da aka yi halitta. Wannan ya nuna cewa da gida da aka ba da ake bukata domin cika da su Tushen-madadin aiki. Kuma shuke-shuke na da irin wannan kawai ba nunawa.

Ficus bengalensis (Ficus Bengal)

Wakilin wani rukuni na shuke-shuke yana dauke da wani dogon-rayu itace. A mafi tsufa wakilin kan 3,000 shekaru na zama! Wannan ne mai matukar babban high itace, wanda a lokacin rayuwa da tushen-jingina suna kafa. Su aiki kunshi a sha na iska, da danshi da kuma m hira da rutin da wadannan taimako da ginshiƙai.

Wannan nau'in na ficus iya samar da daruruwan adventitious tushen rayuwa da cewa ya yale shi ya zauna da wani yanki na 2 kadada. Its ganye ne gwada da kananan, har zuwa 20 cm a tsawon. Fruit - a fi so bi da tsuntsaye da wasu birai.

Mutane koya yadda za girma da shuka don ornamental dalilai, saboda haka, a cikin temperate yankin da kuma za a iya samunsa a cikin nau'i na rage yawa sau potting up.

Ficus addini (Ficus religiosa)

Akwai wani irin ficus, forming Tushen-props. Misalan irin bishiyoyi za a iya gani a cikin halitta mazauninsu - a Indiya da kudancin Asiya. All iri ficus addini ne mai muhimmanci da littattafai na nazari da kuma aka kare a yanayi reserves da kuma wuraren shakatawa da yan unguwa.

Yawan Tushen, wanda zai iya samar da irin wannan daya itace, game da 300. Dukan su dauki tushen da kuma samar da kamar gazebos ko ɗan kurmi a cikin abin da mutum zai iya sauƙi yawon. Tsaba da kuma 'ya'yan wannan itaciya - a fi so yi da dabbobi da tsuntsaye. A guduro kusan dukan 'ya'yan ɓaure da girma a wurare masu zafi kasashen, shi ne mai muhimmanci da abu don mutane. Shi ne ake kira shellac.

Dakin ba shuka iri da aka rarraba shi ko'ina a temperate zone. An nuna godiya ga da kyau ganye, sauki da goyon baya da kuma tsawon rai.

Monstera delitsioza (Monstera deliciosa)

Akwai kuma sabon abu Flora, wanda asalinsu-jingina aka kafa a vivo. Misalai na shuke-shuke: monstera, kazalika da dukan sauran mutane, sai dai a sama, da irin ɓaure. Abin lura shi ne cewa na farko monstera shirya a kan sauran itatuwa kamar epiphytes kamar inabõbi. Amma a kan lokaci, sai suka samar da nasu dogon Tushen cewa girma saukar zuwa ga ƙasa, da kai tushen, da kuma ba da damar ta ta ji mafi m da kuma free.

Monster delitsiozy m alama, kuma wannan tushen, shi ne ikon rabu da wuce haddi danshi yin amfani da ruwa stomata. Wannan ne "kuka shuka" bayan da ruwan sama ya zuba kõguna na wuce haddi danshi ta cikin dubaru na ganye.

Akwai da dama na al'adu monstera. An girma a cikin tukwane da su sosai m kyau sassaka ganye da kuma unpretentiousness.

mangoro

Wadannan gandun daji ne halin da samuwar kashe-shoring, amma a farkon m asalinsu. Su ƙarshe juya a cikin stilted da kuma goyon baya ga ba dama mangoro girma a cikin irin wannan sabon abu da kuma wuya da yanayi - a kan wani m gangaren da lebur gaba na teku da koguna na gishiri.

A wannan yanayin, ba saba yi tushen-madadin aiki, da kuma shuke-shuke ƙara yin amfani da su zuwa sha iska, maimakon a matsayin kayan gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Amma a kan lokaci, da kuma wannan siffa da aka ma aiwatar a full. Gaskiyar cewa da shuke-shuke, mangoro hada da mutane da yawa daban-daban Bishiyoyi. Tare da suke samar da wani na kowa gandun daji, da ake kira mangrove. Kuma shi ne a can, domin su tsira, da shuke-shuke samar da na'urorin, kamar sabon abu gyare-gyare asalinsu. Bayan wuya duk rayuwarsa ya zama partially a cikin gishiri teku ruwa. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa wani rashin iska, ruwa, wani wuce haddi ma'adanai. Ƙarin Tushen damar mangoro don warware wadannan matsaloli da kuma a amince tsira, kuna faranta bore na lush greenery da kuma wani sabon abu bayyanar.