Venera Bottichelli - Tutar kyakkyawa. A zanen da Sandro Botticelli "The Birth of Venus": description, ban sha'awa facts

The Roman allahiya na soyayya da kuma kyakkyawa, Venus, kazalika da ta Greek " 'yar'uwar" Aphrodite, domin ƙarni sung by kasida, sculptors, painters. Myths game da shi sun tsira, kazalika da yawa ayyukan art, wanda shi ya consistently aiwatuwa manufa na mata kyakkyawa. Kuma daya daga cikin shahararrun Masterpieces, sadaukar mata, ba shakka, da "Haihuwa na Venus" by Sandro Botticelli. Saboda haka, abin da muka sani game da wannan hoton?

Botticelli zuwa "Venus"

Na san wannan ba duk, amma marubucin daga cikin shahararrun zanen wani mutum mai suna Alessandro Filipepi. Botticelli, ya riga ya makara, samu da sunan barkwanci, fassara daga Italian nufin "da keg", bayan da wana, shi ne daban-daban m kiba. Future mai zane-zane haife shi a Florence a 1445 a cikin iyali majemi, kuma da farko ya so ya zama wani mai yin kayan ado. Duk da haka, bayan shekaru biyu na binciken a da maƙeran zinariya ya zaɓi ya tafi zuwa ga Hawãriyãwa ga artist Phillippe Lippi. A cikin taron, ya shafe shekaru biyar kafin ya bar, da kuma matasa Sandro tafi Verrocchio.

Amma duk da haka 'yan shekaru baya, a 1470, ya fara aiki da kansa. Bude nasa studio, saurayin quite sauri tsiwirwirinsu shahararsa da kuma fitarwa. Fiye da shekaru goma ya samu wani babban yawan m abokan ciniki, a tsakanin wanda akwai kuma cikin Medici iyali. A lokaci guda ya ne m ra'ayoyi na Neo-Platonism, da gagarumin tasiri a kan aikinsa. Tun da marigayi 1470 ta daraja ya yi fiye da Botticelli Florence, kuma ya tafi zuwa Roma don aiki a kan frescoes na Sistine Chapel, wanda ya kawai ya zama sananne a ko'ina cikin duniya godiya ga wani baiwa - Michelangelo. Kafin zuwan ransa ta aiki ne kawai na shekaru uku.

tarihi zanen

"Haihuwa na Venus" by Sandro Botticelli aka wajaba a dauke mai fitacciyar duniya zanen. A lokaci guda, wannan hoto daukawa mai yawa asirai. Don fara da, shi ba a san wanda ya ta abokin ciniki. Kahu a kan gaskiyar cewa zanen da aka adana a Castello villa kusa Florence, shi ne a cikin mallaka Lorentso Di Pierfrancesco de 'Medici, mafi sukar da'awar cewa ya biya domin aikin. Kamar yadda sauran versions, abokin ciniki farko ya mabanbanta mutum. Amma wannan hoto, kamar "Spring", wanda za a tattauna kadan daga baya, sa'an nan ya fadi a Medici. Duk abin da ya, bai sami shaidar da goyon bayan daya wanda asali izini da zanen "Venus" by Botticelli.

description

Zanen ne a yanar gizo kamar 2 to 3 mita, an yi shi da tempera Paints a kan zane. Yana siffanta wani matashi tsirara mace a kan rairayin bakin teku a tsaye a cikin kwatami da kuma alama ce ta Venus. Don hagu na ta abũbuwan iskõki cewa a fili taimaka mata yin iyo, da kuma yancin - daya daga cikin ni'imar, sauri wajen ta da wani ja alkyabbar boye. Around Venus furanni (wardi, anemones), a kasa na wani kara. Tsananin magana, shi ne, ba haihuwa, amma dai da isowa daga cikin aljanna a duniya.

symbolism

"Haihuwa na Venus" - wani hoto na Botticelli, wanda aka sau da yawa kawo sunayensu a matsayin wani misali, ya ce game da yadda artists da basira saka a cikin ta masana'anta boye ma'anar. Shi ne musamman a fili ya nuna tasirin marubucin Neo-Platonism - koyarwa, hada da wasu ideas na biyu Kiristanci da kafirci. Gane da wadannan mafi jinsin haruffa:

• A harsashi, a cikin abin da akwai Venus, shi ne siffar cewa wakiltar da mace mahaifa.
• Iska a gefen hagu na hoto (wasu ko yi su ga mala'iku), a cikin nau'i na Figures na maza da mata alamar hadin kai na jiki da kuma ruhaniya soyayya.
• Ora Tallo (a wani version - daya daga cikin ni'imar) "alhakin" ga spring, wato da haihuwa daga allahiya faruwa a wannan lokaci na shekara.
• Wardi - da gane alama ce soyayya.
• Cornflowers a kan tufafi ni'imar - personification na haihuwa.
• Ivy da kuma ci-zaƙin kewaye da wuyar ta NUNA soyayya da kuma haihuwa, bi da bi.
• Anemones a ƙafa na Grace - furanni daga cikin aljanna Venus, bisa ga mythology, ka fito daga hawaye cewa ta zubar da baqin ciki bayan mutuwar ta lover Adonis.
• A kara - wata alama ce tufafin.
• Orange itace a cikin sama dama kusurwa - da wata ãyã daga rai madawwami.
• A karshe, gidan sarauta ja tufafi - mai ikon allahntaka cewa bãyar da ita kyakkyawa.

Kamar yadda za a iya gani, da symbolism na zanen "The Birth of Venus" by Sandro Botticelli ƙunshi isa. Kuma abin da za ka ce game da mutum wanda ya zama samfur na babban harafin zane-zane?

model

A mafi m dan takarar da rawar da allahiya na soyayya a cikin wannan yanayin ne Simonetta Vespucci, a 1470 yana da shekaru 16 shekaru da suka zo tare da mijinta zuwa Florence da da ewa zama ta farko kyakkyawa. Sandro yiwuwa san shi kafin - yana da kyawawan kusa lamba tare da ta iyali tun iyayensu rayu a cikin gaba block. Sahihi bayani game da yadda kusa da su ne artist da kuma model, ba, amma masana kan ayyukan Botticelli yi imani cewa daga lokacin da suka hadu duk da Madonna da kuma Venus aka rubuta tare da shi.

Duk da haka, Simonetta aka aure, kuma baicin, ta magoya mutane da yawa 'yan kasa, ciki har da sosai m. Daya daga cikinsu - Dzhuliano Medichi, Lorenzo da kane - ko da dauke ta lover, ko da yake shaida cewa ya ji ba platonic, babu. Yana yiwuwa cewa ta kawai bar lady daga zuciyarsa, kamar yadda aka sa'an nan karɓa.

Simonetta iya wahayi zuwa gare su da kyau mafi artists a lokacinsa, amma a shekaru 23, a shekarar 1976, ta mutu da tarin fuka. Ta mutuwa ya baƙin ciki a kusan dukan Florence.

"Venus" by Botticelli bayyana kawai 9 shekaru bayan ta mutuwa, da kuma a gaskiya aljanna a kan ta haka sabo ne da kuma kyau. Artist har karshen rayuwarsa a kawaicin da nake yi, ba da aure. Da alama cewa kawai ƙaunataccen kuma kasance Simonetta, ya samu dawwama a cikin shahararrun zane.

whereabouts

A halin yanzu, da fitacciyar aka located a cikin wannan wuri, inda aka halitta - a Florence ta Uffizi Gallery. Yawancin lokaci a kusa da hoton duk lokacin cunkus da mutane, amma wani lokacin ba za ka iya har yanzu dauki wani lokacin su yi la'akari da shi sosai na kusa da na nesa.

ban sha'awa facts

• "Spring" da "Venus" by Botticelli da yadda tsakiyar adadi guda model, amma suka rubuta da wani tazara na 7 shekaru.
• A lokacin da samar da wani masana'anta artist amfani da m domin ta lokaci receptions - Drobil lapis lazuli for blue Paint amfani a kan zane, da kuma ba da kwamitin, ya kara da fenti mai kadan adadin kitse, da kuma rufe hoto na wani kwai gwaiduwa, saboda haka ya isa mu kwanaki kusan m .
• A rabbai da kuma gabatar da Venus fili ya nuna tasirin gargajiya Greek sassaka, wanda canons aka aza Praxiteles da Poliklet.

al'adu da tasiri

A zanen "Venus" by Botticelli - na farko zanen depicting gaba daya tsirara mace adadi, da mãkirci na wanda ba sadaukar da asali zunubi. Kuma ta cancanci shi ne babban fitacciyar da kuma bikin da kyakkyawa da cewa ba ya bukatar wani abu. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran ayyukan da artist, tare da mafi yawa addini jigogi, da labarin alama m. Duk da haka, shi ne zai yiwu, ba tare da wannan "Venus" mun rasa da dama daga cikin duniya Masterpieces, ba tare da wanda a yau shi ne kawai zai yiwu ba su yi tunanin da tarihi na art.

Kuma a yau, "Venus" by Botticelli ci gaba da ƙwarin artists, masu daukan hoto da kuma model. Created yawa imitations, amma asali, aiwatuwa manufa na mace kyakkyawa iya zama daya kawai.