Volga - Madogararsa. Volga - tushen da kuma baki. A tasa na Volga

Volga - daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci na gudãna a duniya. Yana daukawa ruwanta ta hanyar Turai na Rasha da kuma gudana a cikin Caspian Sea. Industrial muhimmancin da babban kogi, 8 hydroelectric iko shuke-shuke, da kyau-ɓullo da shipping, kama kifi da aka gina a kan shi. A 1980 da Volga aka gina gada, wanda ke dauke da mafi tsawo a Rasha. Its total tsawon daga tushen zuwa bakinka ne a kusa da 3600 km. Amma saboda da cewa shi ne ba a karɓa la'akari da wuraren da ya kasance a cikin kududdufai, da hukuma tsawon na Volga River daidai 3530 km. Daga cikin dukan Turai ruwa gudana shi ne mafi tsawo. A da shi akwai irin manyan birane kamar yadda Volgograd, Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan. Wannan ɓangare na Rasha, wanda shi ne m zuwa tsakiyar jijiya na kasar, da ake kira Volga yankin. Dan kadan fiye da miliyan 1 km ² na kogin kwari. Volga Yana bautarka wani uku na Turai na Rasha.

A takaice a kan kogin

Abinci Volga auku saboda dusar ƙanƙara, ruwan karkashin kasa da kuma ruwan sama. An halin spring ambaliyar ruwa da kaka ambaliyar ruwa, kazalika da low ruwa abun ciki a cikin rani da kuma hunturu.

Daskararre kogin Volga, tushen da kuma bakin wanda aka rufe da kankara kusan a lokaci daya, a watan Oktoba-Nuwamba da Maris-Afrilu, ta fara narke.

Tun da farko, a zamanin da ƙarni, shi aka kira Ra. Tuni a cikin tsakiyar zamanai, akwai nassoshi da Volga karkashin sunan Itil. A halin yanzu sunan ruwa ya kwarara zo daga kalmar a cikin harshen Slavonic, wanda a Rasha nufin "danshi". Akwai ma wasu juyi na sunan Volga, amma don tabbatar da ko kãfirta da su har ba shi yiwuwa.

source na Volga

Volga, wanda tushen yake fã ra a cikin Tver yankin, zai fara a tsawon 230 m. A kauyen Volgoverkhovye akwai da dama marẽmari, wanda aka garwaya a cikin kandami. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne farkon da kogin. A ta sama ya kai shi gudana ta hanyar kananan tabkuna, da kuma 'yan mita bayan wani izinin Verhnevolzhskie (Peno, Vselug, Volga da Sterzh), a halin yanzu sõyayya a tafki.

Tiny fadama cewa su bayyanar ne mai wuya don jawo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa - shi ne tushen da Volga. Map, ko da mafi m, ba zai sami takamaiman bayanai a kan farkon na ruwa ya kwarara.

bakin Volga

Bakin Volga ne Caspian Sea. An raba daruruwan rassan, fiili wani m Delta, rufe da wani yanki daga game da 19 000 km ^2. Saboda da manyan adadin ruwa wannan gundumar ne arziki shuka da dabbobi. Gaskiyar cewa bakin kogin ranked farko a duniya a yawan sturgeon, yayi magana don kansa. Wannan kogin na da isasshen tasiri a kan yanayin damina, wanda da amfani sakamako a kan Flora da fauna, kazalika a cikin mutane. A yanayi na yankin ne m da kuma taimaka wajen ciyar da lokaci. Fishing ne mafi kyau daga watan Afrilu zuwa watan Nuwamba. A yanayin da yawan nau'in kifi ba zai iya yarda su koma hannu wofi.

kayan duniya

A cikin ruwan Volga girma wadannan iri na shuke-shuke:

• Halittar dabba mai kafafuwa (Susak, Reed, cattail, lotus).
• ruwa nutsa (naiad, hornwort, elodea, Ranunculus).
• ruwa iyo leaf (Lily, Duckweed, pondweed, gyada).
• algae (hari, kladofora, da Hara).

A mafi girma yawan shuke-shuke wakilci a bakin Volga. Mafi na kowa sedge, masu ɗaci, pondweed, spurge, halophyte, astragalus. A fadamun a manyan lambobin girma tarragon, zobo, Reed da ciyawa da kuma cleavers.

River Delta, da ake kira Volga, inda tushen ne ma ba musamman arziki a cikin shuke-shuke kunshi 500 jinsuna daban. Akwai ba rare sedges, milkweed, marshmallow, masu ɗaci da Mint. Za ka iya samun brambles da kuma ciyayi. A kan bankunan na ruwa na gudana daga ƙarƙashinsu mafitar fadamun. Ratsi ne a gandun daji. Da itatuwa sun fi na kowa Willow, ash kuma poplar.

dabba duniya

Volga ne mai arziki a cikin kifi. Yana gida da yawa na cikin ruwa dabbobi, dabam-dabam daga juna hanyar zama. Akwai game da 70 jinsin, wadda 40 - kama kifi. Daya daga cikin mafi karami kifi pool - pugolovka, da tsawon wadda ba ya wuce 3 cm Yana iya ko da a gauraye da tadpole .. Amma babbar - beluga. Its size iya isa 4 m Yana da wani kifi-labari :. Ne iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 100 da kuma ku auna nauyi fiye da ton 1. A mafi muhimmanci ne roach, catfish, Pike, sturgeon, irin kifi, perch, sturgeon, bream. Wannan ba kawai na samar da wani arziki daga kayayyakin da kewaye yankunan, amma kuma nasarar fitar dashi zuwa wasu kasashen.

Sturgeon, Pike, bream, irin kifi, catfish, ruffe, perch, burbot, Chub - duk wadannan wakilan kifi rayuwa a cikin shigar rafi, kuma su m wurin zama an dauke su da Volga River. Istok, da rashin alheri, ba zai iya gadara da irin wannan arziki iri-iri. A wuraren da ruwa ya kwarara ne a kwantar da hankula da kuma m zurfin, sanaki kudancin stickleback - kadai wakilin gasterosteiformes. Kuma a cikin wadanda wuraren da mafi yana Volga ciyayi iya saduwa da irin kifi, fi son shiru ruwaye. Stellate sturgeon, herring, sturgeon, lamprey, belugas zo a cikin kogi daga Caspian Sea. Daga zamanin da kogi yana dauke da mafi kyau ga kama kifi.

Zaka kuma iya samun frogs, da tsuntsaye, kwari da macizai. A kan bankunan sukan located curly pelicans, pheasants, egrets, Swans da fari-tailed. Duk wadannan wakilan ne quite rare da aka jera a matsayin miyagun. A kan bankunan na Volga yawa kare yankunan, sun taimaka wa kare rare jinsuna daga nau'i nau'i. Ga nesting geese, ducks, teals da mallards. A Volga Delta live daji Boars, kuma a cikin kewaye steppe - saiga. Sau da yawa sosai a cikin seaside za a iya samu Caspian like, wanda aka located quite da yardar kaina a cikin ruwa.

Tamanin da Volga a Rasha

Volga, wanda yana da nasa tushen a cikin kauyen na Tver yankin, faruwa a fadin kasar Rasha. Its ruwa da kogin haɗu da Baltic, da Bahar Azov, da Black da kuma fadar White Sea, da kuma Tikhvin da Vyshnevolotskaya tsarin. A Volga tasa iya saduwa da manyan gandun daji da kuma arziki m shũka da daban-daban fasaha da kuma hatsi da amfanin gona. Na ƙasar a cikin wadannan yankunan m cewa gudummawar da ci gaban noma da kankana. Wajibi ne a bayyana cewa a cikin Volga-Ural yankin akwai adibas na man fetur da kuma iskar gas, da kuma kusa da Solikamsk da Volga - mai gishiri ajiya.

Ba za ka iya jayayya da cewa Volga yana mai girma da kuma arziki tarihi. Ta wani memba na da yawa muhimmanci siyasa da suka faru. Kuma har yanzu taka muhimmiyar rawa tattalin arziki, kasancewa babban waterway na Rasha, ta haka ne da hada a cikin daya 'yan yankuna. A shi ne administrative da kuma masana'antu cibiyoyin, dama birane-miliyoyi. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa wannan ruwa ya kwarara da ake kira mai girma Rasha kogin.