Wa Romawa kira dabbanci? Me ya sa Romawa kira Jamus dabbanci?

Waɗancan, waɗanda Romawa kira dabbanci, da aka sani a tarihi a matsayin daya daga cikin dalilan domin ƙi daga cikin mafi girma daular. A tsawon lokaci, wannan kalma ta samu wani zaurance, kuma ya zo nufin wani m, kuma m mutum.

Asalin kalmar

A etymology na kalmar "jahili" yana Greek asalinsu. Its zahiri translation - "baƙo." Saboda haka Helenawa kira mazaunan sauran kasashe, wanda aka sosai kasa ci gaba. An yi imani da cewa Kalmar fito a matsayin onomatopoeic. Baƙi yi magana a wani bakon harshe. Su sauti Helenawa garwaya a cikin m gibberish da maimaitawa na wannan sauti - "var".

A wannan kalma daga baya ya bayyana a Latin. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa Romawa kira Jamus dabbanci. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, domin mazaunan daular dauki kan abubuwa da yawa daga cikin al'adun da nasara da jama'arsu. A zamanin d Helenawa - mafi daukan hankali misali na wannan "gado". Daga su Romawa samu da ɗan karkatacciyar mythology, al'adu da hadisai na gari, kazalika da wasu sababbin kalmomi a cikin harshe. Halayen da baki a kasar, da kuma daga baya a cikin Empire raina.

Wa Romawa kira dabbanci? Celts, Jamus, Thracians, Slavs, Scythians, Sarmatians, da sauransu. D. Yawancin wadannan kabilu rayu arewa na daular.

Jamus

Sun zama wata babbar matsala ga Roman wayewa. A na karni AD. e. Wadannan kabilun zaunar da su a sararin ƙasa tsakanin Rhine - a yamma, da kuma Vistula - a gabas. Jamus sun taba kasance al'umma guda - shi ne mai babbar ball na daban-daban kungiya ta kashin. Amma a general, su hanyarsa ta rayuwa, harshe da kuma halaye sun kama.

Jamus sun warlike kuma mai tsanani gandun daji mazaunan. Waɗancan, waɗanda Romawa kira dabbanci, da kuma shirya yau da kullum da zanga da kuma kai hare-hare a kan daular. Its iyakarsu a wajen arewa kuwa shi ne kogin Danube. A ranar da bankuna gina garu mata kagarai, inda quartered legions. By inertia Romawa farko kokarin cinye Jamus, kuma hašawa da su zuwa daular duniya.

Wadannan yunkurin an tsaya bayan yakin da Teutoburg Forest. Yaƙin ya faru a cikin 9th shekara. Jamus ci uku legions, sa'an nan Romawa hikes bayan gẽfunanta sun ɓãci. Daga wannan aya a kan iyakar da ke tsakanin al'umman da shi ya zama mafi da wayewa kasashen waje.

A rayuwa na Jamus kabilan

Ancient kabilan oobschestvenny hanya, wanda Romawa kira dabbanci, wani classic misali na da tribal al'umma. Jamusawa lokaci zuwa lokaci a yaki da juna don albarkatu. A sauyi a alakarta da Romawa ya faru bayan da sarakuna suka fara haya da dabbanci a nasu sojojin. Wani lokaci wannan ne yake aikata tawayen shugabannin, wanda ya mallakar wani isasshen adadin na zinariya. Jamus ta nuna godiya a kowane sojojin. Sun kasance sũ ne matsananci da m warriors, suna jiki karfi fiye da waɗanda suke a cikin kudancin lardunan da daular.

Wasu sojojin haya sun zauna tare da Romawa, samun wani albashi. Suka ɗauki wani ta al'ada. Su misali ya zama m. A Jamus, wanda ya rayu tsakanin Rhine da Vistula, kuma kamar zinariya da sauran Roman kaya. A tsawon lokaci, da inflow na dabbanci a cikin daular kawai ya karu, exacerbating kabilanci rikice-rikice da kuma haifar da yaƙe-yaƙe.

Great Hijira

Tashin hankali tsakanin Jamus da Romawa ko mafi rikitarwa idan karshen IV karni na Great Hijira. Daga gabas zo da warlike Huns. Wadannan makiyaya hambarar daga tsohon homelands Slavs. Bugu da kari, da mamayewa na Huns jitters Jamusawa.

A Goths kasance daya daga cikin mafi girma kabilu a cikin wannan kungiya. A cikin shekara ta 376 da suka haye Danube, kuma bayan da ƙudurin da Sarkin sarakuna Valens kokarin shirya kan Roman ƙasa. Duk da haka, sabon gida na dabbanci bi da dukan da muhimmi ƙiyayya. Wannan ya kai ga fitina. Haka abin ya fara da Gothic yaki. Waɗancan, waɗanda Romawa kira dabbanci ci Sarkin sarakuna sojojin. Wannan ya sa a cikin dogon lokacin da rikicin a jihar.

Bayan da Gothic yaki a daular rũgũguwar fita da sauran jahili kabilu. Su ko dai sun wawushe ko bukatar yau da kullum haraji. Waɗanda aka kira dabbanci da Romawa, Rikicin da kuma kona garuruwansu. Mafi shahara a cikin shekara 410 da aka fall na Roma. A babban birnin kasar na daular aka kama da wani kabilar Visigoths jagorancin Alaric shugaban.

Fall na Roman Empire

Bayan wannan, kawar da duka Jihar sauran larduna sun defenseless da da dabbanci. A Gaul (zamani France) zo Suevi da Vandals. Kabilan jam'i zuga tare. A karshen, da sauran a Gaul gindin Jamus - Franks, kuma Burgundians. Sun kasance cikin magabatan na zamani Faransa al'umma. Vandals kafa nasu mulki a arewacin Afirka. Italiya kama Lombards. A 476 Jamus sojojin haya hambarar da gwamnatin karshe Roma wato Augustus, Romulus. A birni ya fara sarauta da dabbanci. Yana ãƙibar Roman Empire.

A lokaci guda a gabas da tsohon Byzantine jihar kiyaye. Its babban birnin kasar ya Konstantinoful (zamani Istanbul). Sarakuna na jihar dauke da kansu mãsu mayẽwa daga cikin Roman shugabanni. Rumawa ko kokarin komawa zuwa Italiya, albeit unsuccessfully. Sun yi magana a Greek. Sarakuna saya kashe da dabbanci da taimako na zinariya. Wasu daga cikin su aka dauka zuwa sojoji. Amfani da wadannan hanyoyi, da Byzantine Empire gudanar ya tsira da Great Hijira da kuma sauran rikice-rikice da dabbanci. A jihar dade har 1453, lokacin da Konstantinoful da aka kama da Turks.

Slavs

Baƙi ba kawai Jamusawa. Abin da Romawa kira dabbanci al'ummai, ban da arewacin makwabta? Bugu da kari ga Jamusawa, su kuma Slavs, wanda ya rayu a gabas na su. A Roman sau da shi ya zama sananne bayan da Great Hijira. A karkashin matsin lamba daga Huns Slavs koma yamma da su na asali homelands.

Su kuma ɗauki wani babban yanki na da gabaci River zuwa babba ya kai na Volga. A tsawon lokaci, a kan rabe-filaye Slavs aka raba uku manyan kungiyoyin (yamma, kudu da kuma gabas). Waɗannan su ne waɗanda Romawa kira dabbanci. The kabilu, wanda akwai ummiyyai, har yanzu Majusawa. Suna da nasu musamman pantheon alloli. A tsawon lokaci, da Slavs soma Kristanci, amma bayan faduwar Roman Empire. Muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan tsari da aka buga da Rum.

Tsohon Slavic kwastan

Tsohon Slavic al'umma da aka gina a kan kakanninmu hadisai. Mafi yawa daga cikin yanke shawara riƙi da wani Jam'iyya. Shi ne mai jama'a taron, inda kowa da kowa yana da 'yancin kada kuri'a. Kamar Jamus, da Slavs suka rabu da babban yawan tribal shawararta. A tsawon lokaci, a lokacin da dogon da hadaddun ethnogenesis suka kafa zamani al'ummai.

All Slavs, sai dai Dogayen sanda, Czechs da Croats soma Kristanci a Konstantinoful samfurin. Wasu kuma sun shiga cikin cocin Katolika a Roma. Tare da Kiristanci daga cikin Slavs da nasa haruffa. Har ila yau, a baya mun tafi tribal dangantakar. A cikin farkon tsakiyar zamanai Slavs kafa nasu kasa jiha. Wasu gwamnoni ƙarshe ya ɗauki suna na Sarkin Yamma model.