Wane ne Wahhabi: photos, fasali, da bambance-bambance daga real Musulmi

A halin yanzu musamman m, a cikin duniya (musamman a Rasha) a cikin al'umma su ne matsalolin da alaƙa da ci gaban da addini ta'addanci, musamman Musulunci. A cikin jama'a hankali, Islamic ta'addanci ne karfi hade da Wahhabism. A daidai wannan lokaci, wasu daga cikin musulmi yana zaton mabiya addini motsi kamar yadda mayakan for tsarkakewa na Musulunci. Wane ne a Wahhabi? Mene ne bambanci tsakanin su kuma musulmai? Mene ne su akida? Duk wannan za a gaya a wannan labarin.

Su wanene su?

Da farko look at suke da Wahhabis. Suna ranked a matsayin mabiya Wahhabism - musamman hanya a cikin Musulunci. Su ba da damar domin madadin fassarori na Kur'ani da Hadisi. Kalmar "Wahhabism" da aka buga a cikin XVIII karni abokan adawar wa'azi Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahab. Da ra'ayoyin kan zamani na Musulunci da aka ayyana da inganci. Ya aka ayyana kusan crazy.
A halin yanzu, da kalmar "wahhabism" yana da yawa fassarori. Saboda haka, wakilan Kiristanci da kuma wadanda basu yarda sukan hade da Wahhabi 'yan ta'adda. Mutanen da suke ba, masani a cikin hanyoyi na Musulunci, iya samun irin wannan wani musulmi, da ciwon gemu.

Su wane ne Wahhabis a Musulunci? Ga mabiya gargajiya Musulunci Wahhabi ne wani wanda riko da wani daban-daban fassarar da addini. Saboda haka, da zamani fassarar mai yawa fadi da ya hada da dukan Musulmi waɗanda suka bi su da wani madadin fassarar Musulunci. Wahhabis kira a matsayin real ta'addan da Sunni. Domin ya fahimci abin da yake Wahhabi gaske bukatar san asalin wannan addini motsi.

fitowan

The kafa wannan addini motsi ne mai wa'azi Muhammad Abdel Wahhab, wanda a cikin biyu da rabi na XVIII karni shi ne shugaban da kungiyar 'yan tawayen a kasar Larabawa domin samun' yancin kai daga Ottoman hukumomi. Kamar yadda akida kafuwar National Liberation Movement amfani da taken game da bukatar tsẽre ga tsarkakewa Musulunci daga sababbin abubuwa. A core na ideas Muhammad Abdul Wahhab ya musu na Turkish sultan matsayin koli mai mulkin dukan Musulmi. Saboda haka, don tallafa wa National Liberation gwagwarmaya amfani da addini taken kamar yadda yake yawanci hali ya zuwa yanzu. A farkon karni XIX kwata 'yanci motsi a Arabia aka mur da sojojin na Turkish Sultan. Wasu lokaci game da Wahhabis ba a ji. A ɗari da hamsin shekaru da suka taken aka sake tãyar da shugaban matasa Abdelaziz Al Saud, wanda ya kafa Mulkin Saudi Arabia. Tare da bude daga cikin ƙasar Saudi Arabia ta sararin filayen man fetur don yada Wahhabism ko'ina cikin duniyar Musulmi akwai wani mai iko da taimakon kudi.

Tarihi na ci gaba

Wahhabism matsayin akida Trend in Islam yana da dangantaka da Saudi Arabia da kuma shi ne amfani da hukuncin da'ira a cimma kasashen waje da manufofin raga nuna mamayar a duniyar musulmi. Duk da haka, mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa waɗannan mutane - ba Musulmi. Wahhabis nemi su tsarkake addinin Musulunci amma hanyoyin da suka yi amfani da wannan, ba su da goyan bayan da Alkur'ani mai girma.

A sakamakon da Larabawa da Isra'ila yaki na 1973, akwai wani m karuwa a farashin man, wanda ya kai ga ci gaban da dukiyar da hukuncin Elite a Saudi Arabia. Jeddah halitta Organization of Islamic Conference kuma cikin Islamic Bank of Development, wanda ya zama mai iko kayan aiki ga yaduwar Saudi tasiri a kasashen musulmi.

Wahhabis a Amurka

Wahhabism kuma yi amfani da Amurka a matsayin akida da tushe counter Soviet mamayewa na Afghanistan a shekarar 1979. Saudi Arabia, Amurka da kuma Pakistan da gudummawar da yaduwar da ra'ayoyin ga kungiyar na jihadi don su yi yaƙi da Soviet gaban a Afghanistan. A gefe sakamako na wannan manufar ya kasance fitowan na horar da kyau, ya na da karfi akida dalili na da yawa dakarun Musulunci, wanda, bayan da Afghanistan yaki koma wani adawa da Amurka da kawayenta. Yana da aka a wannan lokacin, da Amurka da makamai da aka halitta da kungiyar "Al Qaeda" a karkashin jagorancin Osama bin Laden, wanda aikin sa'an nan ya fara dogon lokaci ga Amurka a matsayin babbar barazana.

Tabbatarwa daga religooznogo kwarara da kuma gudummawar da ta baza aiki Saudi Arabia ta Sarki Fahd suna "hidima na Masallatai Biyu" (Makka da Madina). Game da shi Wahhabism matsayin na aikin addini na Saudi Arabia bayar da ikon manyan wuraren yin tsafin na Musulunci.

"Wahhabi" - ba wani datti kalma, kamar yadda da yawa zaton. Da kalmar da aka kafa a sakamakon abubuwan tarihin.

Abin da ke faruwa a yau?

A halin yanzu Wahhabi Musulunci a duniya da asusun for game da daya bisa dari na Musulmi. Cibiyoyin ne Saudi Arabia da kuma Qatar. Har ila yau, wadannan ra'ayoyin zarcewa da akida kafuwar motsi "Taliban" a Afghanistan. Wahhabism kuma dauki mai yawa Musulunci radicals kawai a kan gaskiyar da shiri ya tafi su yi yaƙi da "kãfirai". Saboda haka, wannan akida Trend tun karshen karni XX suka daidaitu hade tare da Musulunci da ta'addanci. Wane ne Wahhabi zahiri ne da kuma yadda shi ya bambanta daga gargajiya Musulmi?

Bambance-bambance Wahhabi Musulmi

Babban fasali na wannan Trend da kuma yadda shi ya bambanta daga sauran rassan Musulunci.

1. Followers of Wahhabism zahiri fassara Kur'ani, ba shan la'akari da zamantakewa da siyasa halin da ake ciki a Arabia, a lokacin da Annabi Muhammad. Allah, ana riskarsa kamar wani mutum, da ciwon da ikon matsawa kyauta, amma ta bayyanar da ya rage wani asiri, saboda ba ya so kowa da kome. Bambance-bambance Wahhabi Musulmi bayyana a gaskiyar cewa na farko da musamman maƙiya a gare al'adu dabi'u.
2. A matsayin tushen akidarsu Wahhabis suna kawai gane collections na hadisan Bukhari da Muslim, da kuma gaba daya negate sauran addini da kuma shari'a makarantu. Har ila yau, sun dauke arna kai tsaye request ga Allah ( "Tawassul"). Yana dauke a ke so da ziyartar kaburbura na sahabbai Mohammed da kuma sauran Musulmi tsarkaka. Wahhabis kashe, bisa ga nasu, kuma ba su cancanci a binne bisa ga hadisai duk.
3. Wahhabis ƙaryatãwa game da bauta da matattu kuma a manic yaki tare da kaburbura na kakanninsa (halaka su, suna haramta daga yin alamu da kafa Monuments). Su cike take da jangwalo wani m gwagwarmaya da tarihi da na jama'a, da neman ya hallaka wuraren bauta da kuma al'adu Monuments. Kamar haka suka ƙaryata game da shaidar dan kasa, jihãdi don ƙirƙirar sabon tarihi al'umma na Musulmi. Siyasa da kuma addini ra'ayoyi bambanta da matsananci tsattsauran ra'ayi. Kin amincewa da duk mutane ba shan su ra'ayoyi da kuma al'adunsu da kuma zama na gaba - da babban fasali na Wahhabi.
4. Har ila yau, ga mabiyan wannan yunkuri ne halin da wani matsananci kin amincewa da wadanda ba Musulmi ba wanda ake yarda ka kashe da kuma la'ada yaki (jihadi) tare da su. Wahhabis, inda suka kashe mutane sauran addinai - wani sabon abu da ya auku quite sau da yawa a kasashen musulmi. The yaƙi da "kãfirai" ne mai tsarki abu wani Musulmi. A lokaci guda kebanci imami kasa kan iyakoki. Dukan Musulmi waɗanda suka bauta wa a cikin gwamnati, da sojoji da kuma 'yan sanda hukumomi daga cikin kasashen da ba su} asashen da Musulunci da aka gane a matsayin hukuma addini gane ridda. Musamman m mutane Wahhabis. Photos ba zai iya kai korau motsin zuciyarmu da cewa rayuwa, a cikin zukãtansu.
5. Wahhabis ba gane da jihar dokokin, da yanke shawara wadanda mutane kotuna, ban da shari'ar musulunci. Har ila yau Wahhabis ƙaryatãwa game da wasu igiyoyin a Musulunci (Sunni da Shi'a). Ayyukan ta'addanci da sunan addinin musulunci ta moriyar (ciki har da sadaukarwa) yana dauke wajaba a kansa kuma ciyar. A wannan yanayin, mabiya Wahhabism musanta ta zama, saboda irin addinin da suke kawai gaskiya a gare su.
6. Wane ne Wahhabi da kuma abin da Dalilin da ya akida? Dalilin wadannan mutane shi ne halittar guda Musulunci jihar (Khalifanci), aiki a kan tushen shari'a. An gane a cikin wannan harka da cewa Khalifanci za a kafa a kan tushen da gagarumar rawar da Saudi Arabia da kuma Qatar, wanda mulki Elite daukan wani na kwarai matsayi. Wahhabi akidarsu sau da yawa canza dangane da siyasa a raga babbar akidojin. A lokaci guda ya zauna canzawa overall m fuskantarwa da musu na tattaunawa tare da sauran addinai.
7. Yadda za a bambanta a Wahhabi daga kowa laifi? Saboda da kowa na da Wahhabism tare da barayi Concepts, wadannan ra'ayoyi suna sauƙin gane ta membobin daban-daban laifi kungiyoyi. Babban alama ne da matsananci tsattsauran ra'ayi dangane ba kawai ga mutane na zuwa wasu addinai, amma kuma ga Musulmi - mabiya sauran trends a Musulunci. Dole ne su fitina wani irreconcilable gwagwarmaya don kammala halaka su. Wahhabis ba gane kansu a matsayin wani ɓangare na al'umma wadda suka rababbe. Kasashen da suka musanta. Babban abu - su bi dokoki da al'adun Musulunci a cikin su fahimta.

Wahhabism a Rasha

A cikin ƙasa na Rasha Federation, Wahhabism ya yada yafi a cikin Arewa Caucasus (Dagestan, Karachaevo-Cherkessia). Dalilin wannan shi ne kasancewar a wadannan yankuna, da dama tattalin arziki da matsaloli (rashin aikin yi, talauci, cin hanci da rashawa a cikin gwamnati da kuma jami'an tsaro). Dagestan Wahhabis - Waɗannan su ne mutanen da suka ba su sami goyon baya a warware matsalolinsu ko dauke da kansu nuna musu wariya da hukumomi da kuma jami'an tsaro da kuma a sakamakon fadi a ƙarƙashin rinjayar Musulunci radicals. Yada Wahhabi ideas na taimaka wa ayyukan da manzannin daga kasashen waje (yafi daga Saudi Arabia, Jordan da kuma Pakistan), da manufar wanda ba shine kin amincewa da Arewa Caucasus daga Rasha da kuma halittar wani Khalifanci. Da furofaganda ayyuka a cikin marigayi 90-ies na XX karni da gudummawar da wani rauni na jihar da kuma biyu Chechnya yaƙe-yaƙe. A baza na m ƙungiyoyi a Musulunci inganta addini jahilci na yawan jama'ar, musamman matasa, tarihi koke (ƙwaƙwalwar na Caucasian yaƙe-yaƙe, korar).

A dalilan da weakening rinjayar Wahhabism

Har kwanan nan, jihar ba} alubalantar yaduwar tsauraran ra'ayoyi competently gina wata manufa. A halin yanzu, tare da tabbatarwa daga jihar dalĩli, a hankali a hankali bayani na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da matsaloli, da yaki da cin hanci da rashawa a cikin gwamnati, iyakance ayyukan daban-daban na kasa da kasa da ba na gwamnati ba riba kungiyoyin rinjayar Wahhabis a Arewa Caucasus yankin da dama.

external ãyõyi

1. A halayyar bayyanar alama Wahhabis. Photo nuna wani muhimmanci sifa su bayyanar - gemu. Ta bisa ga mabiya Wahhabism ne m alama na maza. Duk da haka, domin sake kama yarda trimming a takaice ko aske gemu. Domin kada ya zama a cikin filin na tilasta bin dokokin, da Wahhabis na kokarin sake kama da ba karkacewa daga babban taro na Musulmi. Da furofaganda ne sau da yawa boye. M tare da wani ra'ayi zuwa daukar ma'aikata da aka sanya bayan nazarin 'yan takara. A halin yanzu, cibiyar mayar da su cikin} o} arin yin aiki tare da matasan Musulmi. Yana amfani da jahilci, rashin ci gaba, da propensity zuwa maximalist matasa.
2. Har ila yau, na waje siffofin, wanda za a iya bambanta Wahhabis ne taqaitaccen saka wando (sama da idon kafa), da shugaban aski aski. Su kuma iya sa kasa dress, soma a cikin kasashen Larabawa.
3. Akwai kuma bambance-bambance a da al'adar addini ayyukan hajji. Wahhabis, kasancewa a cikin masallaci, ba ya sa a kan kansa a skullcap kuma ba su amfani da wani rosary, wanda ya bambanta su daga talakawa muminai.
4. Wahhabis kishi kallon, don haka da cewa matansu gaba daya rufe da fuska, da barin bude kawai idanu. Followers of m Musulunci magana gaskiya ma game da hanya da kuma tsarin siyasa na Saudi Arabia da kuma kwanan nan 'yan ta'adda jihohin (LIH), dakatar a cikin ƙasa na Rasha Federation. Da furofaganda adabi sau da yawa yana da bugu ko fita karkashin laimar da wadannan bugu gidajen: "Badr", "Umma", "Tauba", "Fazhrul-Islamiyya (Fajr)", "Ibrahim bin Abdul-Aziz Al-Ibrahim", "Santlada ".

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, da Wahhabis sau da yawa kiran kansu Salafis.

ƙarshe

Wahhabism a matsayin addini motsi a cikin Musulunci da aka ɓullo da a XVI karni da kuma ake dangantawa da wani hadadden ciki zamantakewa da siyasa saba wa juna a cikin Arabia, musamman yaki da mamayar da Ottoman Empire. Asali shi ne na National Liberation dabiu, sa'an nan, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da ra'ayoyi na mamayar a duniyar musulmi, sun bayyana a cikin hukuncin Elite a Saudi Arabia, kazalika da a ƙarƙashin rinjayar waje sojojin (USA) ya ɗauki m Wahhabism. An halin da kin amincewa da duk kwatance Musulunci, sabanin ta akida ka'idoji, kazalika da furucin da yaki da "kãfirai" kamar yadda mai tsarki Aikin kowane Musulmi. Movement a cikin zamani tsari ne da cikakkar hatsari ga jihar tsarin na Rasha Federation, kamar yadda ya razana mutuncin kasar (da kin amincewa da Arewa Caucasus da kuma sauran yankunan da musulmi suka fi yawa yawan).

Ya kamata a fahimci cewa Wahhabism ba addini motsi halayyar Rasha Musulmi, aka kawo daga waje da kuma wani ƙoƙari na waje sojojin gurgunta siyasa halin da ake ciki a kasar. Fada tsattsauran ra'ayi dole ne hada da kawar da Sanadin bayar da tasu gudunmuwar da kin amincewa da dalĩli a kan wani ɓangare na yawan m ilimi aiki, musamman a tsakanin matasa suke sũ ne mafiya saukin kamuwa da sakamakon dan hanya norms na gargajiya Musulunci na addini farfaganda. Bugu da kari, da dacewa jama'a hukumomi kamata saka idanu da ayyukan dukan ba na gwamnati kungiyoyin kudi daga kasashen waje, dauke da fitar farfaganda dan hanya zuwa ga hadisai na Rasha dabi'u.