Wilhelm Maybach - kafa na mota da kamfanonin Mercedes da Maybach. biography

Wilhelm Maybach - da Jamus kasuwa da kuma avtokonstruktor. Duk da yake bauta wa a matsayin fasaha darektan kamfanin "Daimler Motors" sanya wani gagarumin taimako ga halittar farko zamani mota. Car "Maybach" yanzu daya daga cikin mafi kyau a duniya. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gabatar da wani taƙaitaccen biography na kirkiro.

yara

Wilhelm Maybach aka haife shi a Heilbronn (Jamus) a 1846. Yaron ta mahaifinsa shi kafinta. Yana da haka ya faru da cewa a kai da shekaru goma William ya zama maraya. Sai da na ɗauki a dauki reno Werner manse. Lokacin da Maybach ya goma sha biyar, sai ya fara samun horo a fasaha Reutlingen a wani injiniya shuka. A lokacin da rana da yaron da aka gudanar a factory bitar, da kuma da yamma dauki darussa a zane da kuma lissafi, a wani birni makaranta. Har ila yau, nan gaba Jamus avtokonstruktor fara koyon Turanci da karatu uku kundin littafi "Engineering makanikai," da aka rubuta da Julius Vaysbahom. Tenacity da kuma juriyarsu da saurayi aka zarar lura.

aiki

A 1863 Gottlieb Daimler zo zuwa ga post na fasaha darektan Roytlingenskogo shuka. Akwai ya zama Mai ƙididdigewa Wilhelm. Bayan shekaru uku, Gottlieb mayar da su cikin wannan matsayi a cikin kamfanin "Deutz", samar da tukwãne injuna na ciki konewa. Yana da aka karkashin jagorancin Eugen Langen kuma N. A. Otto. A 1869, Daimler tuno yadda ya dace, basira da kuma gayyace shi zuwa ga Maybach a Karlsruhe. A lokacin taron da suka tattauna da ra'ayin samar da wani sabon engine, wanda ya zama mafi m da kuma hur. Langen ya amince da aikin, amma Otto tsayayya. Shekaru masu yawa daga baya (a 1907), "Deutz" duk al'amura suka fara yi inji - na farko motoci sa'an nan bas, tractors da kuma motoci, amma majagaba na ciki konewa engine da lokaci kamfanin za a tafi.

aikinsa

Ba gano fahimtar tsakanin da Shugaba, Daimler bude a Bad Kannshtadte nasu m. Babu shakka, da Gottlieb Wilhelm rinjayi su tafi tare da shi. A 1882 da ya kafa nasu kamfanin. Maybach tsunduma gabaɗaya a fasaha zane.

A farko firtsi

A watan Agusta 1883 Vilgelm Maybah saki tsit engine nasa zane. A engine auna 40 kilo kuma yi aiki na musamman kan haskakãwa gas. A karshen wannan shekara ta bayyana masa gaba version na da damar 1.6 HP da kuma wani juz'i daga 1.4 lita. A hanya, Maybach tsara wani sabon ƙonewa tsarin. A waɗannan kwanaki, tsit injuna ƙone cakuda faru bude wuta. Wilhelm je sama tare da tube filament heats zafi kuka. A musamman tsari ne sarrafawa da bawul a cikin konewa jam'iyya wanda aka bude ko rufe kamar yadda ake bukata. Irin wannan tsarin tabbatar barga aiki ko da a low revs.

Yin Jihadi for kyau

Yana da wannan daban-daban daga wasu Wilhelm Maybach. Tun da aka kafa, kuma ya nemi zamanintar da wani zane da kuma amfani da sabon hažžožin. A karshen 1883 shige da gwajin gwajin wani na engine - guda Silinda iska-sanyaya engine, wanda shi ne a 600 rpm raya 0.25 HP An inganta version (246 cubic santimita, da kuma 0.5 HP) sun ɓullo da wani shekara. Maybach kansa christened shi "kakan Agogon", saboda mota da aka wajen sabon abu form. Bayan da dama shekaru da dama na kai masana tarihi za su lura cewa Wilhelm Ya ba kawai rage engine nauyi. Ya ba shi duk da haka da kuma waje ladabi.

biyu wheeled karusa

Wilhelm zarar ɓullo da wani evaporative carburetor. Shi ne mai nasara a cikin filin na ciki konewa injuna, kamar yadda a yanzu maimakon ci gas iya amfani da man fetur da man fetur. Kuma a cikin 1885 akwai wani mai neman sauyi aukuwa a cikin m - Maybach engine sa a tashin biyu wheeled karusa. Motor bike (ko, kamar yadda suka faɗa, a babur) yana cikin bangarorin wata biyu daga dada castors a kiyaye kwanciyar hankali. A engine ikon 0.5 HP ci gaba da juya su, da kuma biyu-mataki bel watsa sanya shi yiwuwa a kai gudun 6 ko 12 kilomita awa. Founder Maybach gudanar da gwaje-gwaje a farkon Nuwamba 1885 tare da dansa Karl.

Hakika, ba duk abin da tafi smoothly. A shekara daga baya, Wilhelm inganta engine, kara sauri, kuma diamita daga cikin fistan. Engine matsugunni ya karu zuwa 1.35 lita, amma ya aka kullum overheated a lokacin da gwaje-gwaje. Amfani da wani ruwa sanyaya na'urar bai magance halin da ake ciki. Saboda haka, daga ƙiren ƙarya da shi da za a yi watsi.

A sabon engine

Next Wilhelm tsunduma a cikin ci gaban da mota na farko girma na 0,462 lita hudu-dabaran abin hawa a duniya. Tun da Maybach da Daimler karfi da sauri tare da saki, da engine aka saka a kan wani doki-kõma karusa. A watan Maris 1887 da farko gwajin. A watan daga baya, a kan lake kusa Bad Kannshtadta bayyana jirgin ruwan tare da wannan engine. A sakamakon duk gwaje-gwaje Wilhelm a hankali tattara, da kuma systematized, farga da muhimmancin for nan gaba gwaje-gwajen.

Gina wani sabon mota

A 1889, Daimler ya shirya ya shiga a cikin Paris Duniya Nunin. Wilhelm Maybach, quotes da bayanin kula game da ayyukan da aka sau da yawa da aka buga a cikin kafofin watsa labarai, ya yanke shawarar gina don wannan taron wani sabon mota. Kuma shi duka burge! A "Daimler-Shtalradvagen" ya aka sanya shi ta farko a duniya V-twin engine tare da wani camber kwana na 17 °. A 900 rpm, da engine raya 1.6 HP Kuma maimakon tsohon bel drive pinion ƙafafun kaddamar. A gaskiya ma, marubucin ya ɓullo da wani na ra'ayi zane. Duk da haka, ya samu nasara. mota yi da hannu keke factory NSU. Its masu Emile Levassor da Armand Peugeot sayi lamban kira ga watsa kuma engine. A wannan yanayin, a karkashin sharuddan da kwangila, suka bukata, don samar da injuna a karkashin iri sunan "Daimler".

Ya samu wani lamban kira ga kudi Gottlieb kashe a kafa wararriyar bita ga Maybach. Ta hanyar wannan bincike da aka gudanar fairly aiki, da kuma duk gogayya da bango na yiwuwa aukuwa na kamfanin ta hannun jeri an smoothed.

New ƙirƙirãwa Vilgelma Maybaha

A 1893, protagonist wannan labarin ya ci gaba da fesa carburetor da maƙura sirinji irin. A shekara daga baya, Maybach ya samu wani lamban kira ga na'urar na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa birki. Kuma a cikin 1895 bayyana sanannen biyu-Silinda línea engine, "Phoenix". Da farko, a 750 juyin minti daya, ya ɓullo da wani 2.5 HP A hankali, da zane da aka inganta, da kuma a 1896 da damar da aka ƙara zuwa 5 HP Motor Manuniya ya inganta lagireto sabon asali zane. Bayan shekaru uku, ya aka saki riga hudu-Silinda "Phoenix" damar 23 HP da kuma wani juz'i daga 5900 cm ^3. Motor shigar a kan mota, halitta da bukatar Emilya Ellineka (Jakada a Nice daga Austro-Hungarian Empire). A watan Maris 1899 ya lashe a kan wannan mota a dutsen jinsi. Jellinek bayyana a karkashin pseudonym "Mercedes" ( 'yar sunan). Ba da da ewa zai kasance da alama factory "Daimler".

canje-canje

A shekarar 1900, Gottlieb mutu, kuma lamarin ya deteriorated Wilhelm. Maybach, wanda ya cika dage farawa daga kan aiki, da kuma rasa wani ɓangare na kiwon lafiya, da aka tilasta rubuta wani babi a kamfanin ta takarda ga wani ya jawo. Amma sai suka zauna a amsa ba. Ba abin mamaki ba, saboda sabon management na tabbatacciya tuna cewa a cikin rigingimu tare da su ko da yaushe ya kasance cikin shugabanci na Wilhelm Daimler.

A halin yanzu, ma'adanin na aiwatar ci gaba. A 1902, ya maye gurbin "Phoenix" zo "Simplex", sayar karkashin iri sunan "Mercedes". A hudu-Silinda girma 5320 cm ³ a 1100 rpm ɓullo da damar 32 HP Sa'an nan ya zo cikin "Mercedes" tare da engine 6550 cm ^3, da kuma rare a lokacin, "Gordon Bennett" tseren da za a gina wata mota tare da hudu-Silinda engine 60 HP a 1000 rpm.

"Zeppelin"

A 1907, Maybach bar kamfanin, wanda daraja huta kawai a kan yi da kuma iyawa. Bayan haka, zanen da aka fascinated da ra'ayin samar da injuna domin sa'an nan aka sani airship "Zeppelin". A 1908, Graf Ferdinand kokarin sayar da model LZ3 da LZ4 gwamnati. Amma karshen fadi. LZ4 injuna kawai ba zai iya jimre da kaya a lokacin gaggawa saukowa. Duk da haka, samar da airships bai tsaya. Babban aiki na da gwarzo wannan labarin ya kasance don inganta engine.

Bayan samu goyon bayan Count Ferdinand, Wilhelm tare da dansa bude wani kamfanin "Maybach Motorenbau". By Karl zahiri gudu, kuma mahaifinsa shi da gubar shawara. A lokacin yakin duniya na 1st, sun sayar game da 2,000 injuna. A 1916, da fasaha University of Stuttgart bayar da doctorate Vilgelmu Maybahu.

Cars Maybach

A shekara ta 1919, da Versailles yarjejeniyar da aka sa hannu bayan da yaki. Yana damuarn samar da airships a Jamus. Saboda haka, Maybach aka tilasta koma halittar fetur injuna domin motoci, kazalika da dizal injuna domin jiragen kasa da kuma jiragen ruwa na Navy.

A Jamus, da rikicin zo. Mutane da yawa na mota da kamfanonin saboda rashin kudi ba zai iya ba ɓangare na uku Motors kuma an bunkasa nasu. Kawai Dutch kamfanin "Spiker" sun amince su yi aiki tare da Maybach. Amma da sharuddan da kwangila kasance haka ya fi karfinsu cewa Wilhelm ƙaryata shi da yawa kamar yadda sau hudu. A sakamakon haka, da ya kirkiro yanke shawarar fara samar da nasu inji. A 1921, na farko limousines "Maybach" da aka saki.

Avtokonstruktor aiki kusan zuwa cikakke tsufa kuma ba ya so ya ja da baya. Jamus m rasu a karshen shekara ta 1929, aka binne shi a cikin hurumi Tir-Kirchhof kusa da Daimler.

al'adunmu

Wilhelm Maybach, wanda biography da aka gabatar a sama, daya daga cikin na farko, na gane cewa mota - yana da ba kawai a wagon da wani engine. A sararin kwarewa na zanawa da aikin injiniya da basira a yarda da Jamus don la'akari da mota a matsayin wani hadadden dukkan bangarorinsa. Wilhelm zaton cewa daga wannan matsayi shi wajibi ne su kusanci zane. Kuma a yanzu, a lokacin da kimantawa da dadi da kuma aikin motoci, da ake kira da sunan (misali, Maybach Exelero), za ka iya ganin daidaitar manufar a Jamus m.

A lokacin da rayuwar da Maybach da ake kira "Sarkin designers". Kuma a cikin 1922 "Society of Engineers Jamus" dora masa lakabi da "zanen majagaba." Yana da haka ne ya kasance. A shekarar da ta shige, a lokacin da semidesyatipyatiletny Maybach daina aiki a factory Fridrihskhafenskom gina farko mota alama Maybach. A halin yanzu m na almara iri model ya kumbura muhimmanci. A mafi tsada mota ne Maybach Exelero, farashin wadda ta zo $ 8 da miliyan.