Wintering ƙudan zuma a omshanike. Beekeeping ga Sabon shiga

Strong mazauna tare da isasshen ƙarfi don ciyar da zuma iya hijira a waje hunturu yanayin zafi saukar zuwa -40 digiri. Amma a colder yankunan da dogon (5-7 watanni), hunturu kakar zai zama mafi kyau madadin wintering ƙudan zuma a omshanike.

Me ƙudan zuma ba hibernate

The iyali da aka shirya domin hunturu duk aiki spring-rani kakar, fãce kiwo kakar. Bees ake kara haja zuma, girma manyan ƙarni na aiki mutane. Ba su hibernate kamar sauran kwari, saboda su ba su saba da jari na gina jiki a jikinka. Daidaiku, mutane ba zai iya jure sanyi. Bees kafin rashin himma dintsi na kulob din a cikin nau'i na wani ellipsoid. Ciki da shi, suka zama mafi yardar kaina da kuma iya motsa. Saboda da motsi a cikin cibiyar da kulob din ya haifar da zafi don 25-30 gradusouv. A cikin matsanancin Layer ƙudan zuma prizhamayas da juna ta samar da wata m harsashi kauri daga 3 zuwa 7 cm a game da 15 digiri. A hankali, suna juyawa - da cibiyar fall a cikin harsashi da kuma mataimakin versa. Da yake mun gwada aiki motsi da kuma cin zuma daga shãfe haske Frames, taru a kulob din domin zafi, suka riƙe rayuwarsu. Wintering ƙudan zuma a omshanike facilitates su wannan da wuya lokaci.

Features hunturu hali

Hay hannun jari kudan zuma amya shirya sama, kusa da raya bango na nesting. A kasa kan famfo rami suka girma brood. Ga su kafa wani kulob din cewa ya kafa a sifili zazzabi: a rauni iyalan - at 13 digiri, a karfi - at takwas. A babba da rabi daga cikin kulob din ne ko da yaushe sanya a cikin wani babban yanki shãfe haske tsarin.

Its dumi dumi kudan zuma, kākin zuma yakan narke su musamman haruffa, kuma wani ɓangare na tantanin halitta yana buga. Sun shiga cikin ruwa tururi daga iska da kuma liquefy da zuma da cewa ƙudan zuma ciyar. Club hankali motsa ta hanyar da saƙar zuma sama zuwa ga raya na hive. Idan a cikin isasshen zuma, ƙudan zuma amince motsa tare mezhduramochnym sarari.

A farkon hunturu so zafin jiki ne kiyaye da zafi daga kulob din Bees a lokacin rayuwarsu. Lokacin da wani sanyi karye kulob kwangila. Bees dauki mezhduramochnye sarari da kuma free cell. Don kare zafi a cikin kulob din, suka fara ci more abinci.

Lokacin da cikakken cin abinci ga ƙudan zuma ake tilasta su matsa zuwa makwabciyar firam. Amma irin wannan sauyin iya yi kawai a isasshe high zafin jiki a cikin hive. Idan waje zafin jiki ne kasa da sifiri, sa'an nan da kulob din ne ba su iya motsi. Bees nuna damuwa. A kulob din zai iya raba a biyu, sakamakon mutuwar daya ko dukansu biyu, ta halves.

samar da abinci

Wintering ƙudan zuma a omshanike rage amfani da zuma. mutane sõyayya a kulob jinkirin kari na rayuwa. Tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a cikin kwayoyin ne kasa m. Bees a kulob bukatar ciyar da 20 sau kasa da katse a lokaci guda. A cikin watan farko ko biyu wintering su ci har zuwa 700 grams na zuma for 30 days. By ƙarshen zamani na amfani a cikin wata daya ba kasa da 1.2 kg. Idan wintering ƙudan zuma a omshannike ya faru seamlessly, kuma a cikin spring brood a cikin hive bayyana, da abinci adadin da aka ninki biyu.

Bada cikin firam inda zuma ne ba kasa da 2 kg, kuma akwai wata free cell, wanda za a sanya a overwintering ƙudan zuma kulob din. Sa'an nan, ya za su kasance m, kuma ga ƙudan zuma ne sauki don kula da yawan zafin jiki a ƙananan feed ci. Bugu da ƙari kuma zuma (carbohydrates, da alama abubuwa) ga kowane iyali sa a kantin sayar da a kalla biyu Frames da pollen (gina jiki feed). Wajibi ne ga ciyar da brood a spring. Sel da kudan zuma burodi dole ne a kiyaye su - suna cike da zuma, da kakin zuma-shãfe haske murfi, in ba haka ba hlebine m da ganimar.

Shiri na feed combs

Don amintaccen wintering a hankali bi da forage girbi combs. Beekeeping ga Sabon shiga ne wani lokacin quite wuya aiki, don haka ya dauki kome sosai tsanani. Cell girbi a lokacin farko da rabi na kakar, kuma domin da kafuwa tsarin karkashin feed dogara a kan tsarin (tsarin) na hive. Somin-ta ~ cewa tantanin halitta shine ba sabon da kuma ba da haihuwa, da kuma "b / a" - haske launin ruwan kasa.

The biyu-hulled kafin Nectar kwarara cell tare da buga brood sanya shi a cikin tsakiyar 2nd Corps. Na multihull irin wannan Kwayoyin nuna a tsakiyar saman. Kama frame ba pumped fita - su ne abinci domin hunturu. A sunbeds kafin babban zuma amfanin ƙasa cell tare da buga da kuma bude brood sanya gaba ga cibiyar, turawa da haske da duhu zuwa ga gabar cikin gida. A tsakiyar tsawo daga cikin hive biyu kari ba 4-6 nested Frames, da kuma gefuna ba Rabin Frame. Bees aiki fitar da waɗanda farko cell a cibiyar. Da zarar gida za a danne a rabin, suka ƙwace daga cikin hive, amma zuma ne pumped fita - wani hunturu abinci.

Domin reference sotoramka 43.5 x 30 cm ruwansa da zuma 4 kg, 43.5 x 23 cm - 3 kg, batun ciko tare da Kwayoyin da kuma sauran gefe.

Proper likita

Littafi "Beekeeping ga Sabon shiga" ya jaddada cewa, ba duk zuma ne dace da hunturu abinci. Don kauce wa honeydew yawan guba domin wintering kudan zuma mazauna ya kamata a bar ba tare da wani firam da zuma honeydew tattara a farkon rabin na zuma girbi. Idan iyali winters a honeydew zuma, cewa wasu daga cikin Membobinta ba rayu har zuwa bazara - suna da zawo fara. Da ya rayu tabo gida tumbi da ke barazana m parasitic cuta - nosema.

Ba dace da wintering sauri daskarar zuma tattara daga Willow, sunflower, sainfoin, shuka-ƙaya, cruciferous shuke-shuke (fyade). Ba shi yiwuwa a bakin ciki fitar. Wintering da zuma ƙudan zuma samun m ƙishirwa. Family raunana ko ya mutu a dalilin matsananciyar yunwa a lokacin da stock zakristalizovannogo zuma.

Lokacin da girbi forage amfani cell haske launin ruwan kasa, a cikin abin da ƙarni da dama nuna. Su kasa thermally conductive fiye da haske, mafi riƙe zafi a cikin gida, a cikin abin da ya zauna cikin mahaifa ne mafi kusantar su sa qwai a cikin bazara. A tsohon combs a baki tare da sauran tãyuna ne zuma sabo zuma lu'ulu'u da sauri ta taurare. Wintering ne ya fi karfinsu, saboda ƙudan zuma bukatar ruwa zuma. Bright cell a wanda babu brood ƙudan zuma, da sanyi, marigayi sarauniya fara sa su qwai, kuma da ci gaban da brood a cikin spring jinkiri su.

ajiya na abinci

Samar da abinci a hatimce Kwayoyin suna adana a bins tare da m murfi, a cikin kiwo enclosures a cikin supers. Storage sarari dole su zama a bushe da sanyi, cire daga beraye. Kafin kafa tsefe hankali tsabtace sanduna Frames daga gurbacewa: zawo stains, kakin buildup, propolis.

Omshanik ga ƙudan zuma

Matsayi na zaba gine-gine a bushe yanki (zurfin ruwan karkashin kasa a kalla 1 m sama da kasa) ga kananan gangara (a magudana Tara ruwan sama da kuma narke snow), kare daga iska. Omshanik sa m ga beraye busting gidan kudan zuma, gagarar haske da amo, wanda a damemu da ƙudan zuma.

Dangane da ƙasa, da gine-gine za a iya kasa, karkashin kasa da kuma Semi-karkashin kasa. Mafi na kowa - boye, aka binne su da tsawo daga cikin ganuwar a cikin ƙasa. A cikin hunturu, za su santsi da yawan zafin jiki ne kiyaye a cikin spring rage, wanda yana da muhimmanci ga nasara ƙarshe na hunturu. Omshanika ganuwar bulo ko kufai a karkara, itace naman gwari infestation da sauri.

Rashin ƙasar Zimovniki ganuwar ma sanyi a cikin hunturu da kuma a cikin spring rãnã overheat lokacin da kudan zuma ne har yanzu ma da wuri don dakatar da hunturu. A ƙasa dakin thermostat ake bukata domin omshanika - shi zai kula da sa zazzabi.

A Semi-boye da bango to rabin tsayinta binne a ƙasa. Irin wannan omshaniki yawanci gina a kan wani dutse.

Omshanik ƙudan zuma kunshi ganuwar, benaye, da rufi, rufin iska. Tu sa sigogi for amya. Door yana buɗewa ciki, ta karkasuwa tare da ji, upholster titi tare da yin rufi baƙin ƙarfe.

Girma zimovnika sanin irin da yawan amya. A tsawo daga bene zuwa sama, sa'an -. 2.5-3 m Hive sa a kan shelves ko a kan juna. Single bango bautarka 0.6 sq. m square. Biyu-garu, da hive-lounger - 0.7-0.9 sq. M. A nesa daga ganuwar amya - 10 cm tsakanin layuka - 90 cm.

Samun iska da kuma yawan zafin jiki omshanike

Zafi da kuma yawan zafin jiki wintering ƙudan zuma dole ne a kiyaye a akai matakin. Halatta shakka karshe - daga -2 to +4 digiri, amma mafi kyau duka - daga 0 zuwa +2. Lokacin da sanyi ga ƙudan zuma cinye mafi girma daga abinci, da kuma hanjinsu? Ul? Ula tumbi, zawo yana farawa. Da suka wuce haddi zafi sa su babbar damuwa.

M ga mai zumunta zafi na 75-85%. Higher hanyar otsyrevanie omshanika kuma amya, wuce kima - zuma dilution, sa shi m. Lokacin cin abinci stale zuma ƙudan zuma zawo ya buɗe, suka zama mai rauni, kuma mutuwa. Low zafi ne kasa zuwa fluidize da zuma, shi crystallizes, ƙudan zuma mutu da yunwa da ƙishi.

Bukatar a samar da shaye iska don sarrafa zafi da kuma yawan zafin jiki a omshanike. Fresh iska ya shiga ta bututu a karkashin kasa, dimi tururi bututu ne ja a cikin rufi da outputting rufin. A gyara na inflow-zane da aka yi bawuloli. Iyali dole ne rami sashe 8 sq. cm. Daga wadannan bayanai da kuma lissafi da bangaranci yankin na bututu. Idan dole, su gabatar da 'yan.

Canja wuri zuwa da "hunturu bariki"

Summer omshanik da bushe, bene mai cike da bushe yashi, ganuwar, rufi mowa. Kada ka rush don canja wurin na beehives. A cikin kaka na ya faru a kan dumi kwanaki to detour ga ƙudan zuma. Lokacin da ƙudan zuma shigar hunturu? Yawancin lokaci a tsakiyar watan Nuwamba a arewacin da kuma tsakiyar yankunan, a kudu a farkon watan Disamba.

Halatta wintering ƙudan zuma a cikin sito idan rufe bangon, liyi tare da mats na Reed ganuwar amya, don tabbatar da shirun da duhu. Construction na omshanika - shi ne tsada da kuma aiki-m. Wintering ƙudan zuma a cikin sito more amintacce fiye da bude sarari a karkashin iska da dusar ƙanƙara. Bee ba ji tsoron sanyi da yunwa, dampness da kuma zayyana, kuma beekeeper - barayi idan omshanik daga gida. Features na nasara wintering apiary a cikin zubar wanin wintering ƙudan zuma a omshanike.