Yadawa Welding: Abũbuwan amfãni, kuma Disadvantages

Sunadaran abubuwa ne a akai motsi, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa ruwa da gas da za a iya gauraye. Daskararru ma da motsi na farko barbashi, amma suna da wani karin m crystalline raga. Kuma duk da haka, idan biyu daskararru m zuwa nesa na hulda da atomic sojojin, a cikin wurin lamba na barbashi daya abu zai shiga cikin wasu kuma mataimakin versa. Irin juna yadawa shigar azzakari cikin farji abubuwa samu sunan, da kuma sakamako da aka tushen daya daga cikin hanyoyin na karfe mahadi. Shi ne ake kira - yadawa waldi na karafa.

Wannan za a iya shiga ta hanyar yadawa waldi

Yadawa waldi a injin fasahar yana da babban yiwuwa. Ana iya amfani da wa connect:

• Metals yi kama da iri-irin tsarin, da kuma su gami. A tsaurin karfe abu kamar Tantalite, niobium da tungsten.
• Abubuwa ba na ƙarfe ba hali na karfe graphite da karfe, tagulla tare da gilashi.
• Constructional kayan dangane da karfe, yumbu, ma'adini, ferrite, gilashin, semiconductor tsarin (kama da inhomogeneous), graphites da saffir.
• Hadedde kayan, porous yayin da rike dũkiyõyinsu, kuma irin zane.
• Polymer abubuwa.

su iya zama daban-daban - da gaisuwa ga sanyi da kuma girman da guda. Dangane da girman da aiki jam'iyya iya aiki tare da abubuwa da dama microns (semiconductor abubuwa) ga 'yan mita (hadaddun hanyõyi tsarin).

Ta yaya yadawa shuka

Complex yadawa waldi Hanyar qunshi da wadannan asali abubuwa:

1. Aiki jam'iyya. An sanya daga karfe da aka tsara don rage aiki yanayi a wanda wani injin ne ya halitta.
2. A frame - goge tsayawar. Yana dogara a kan aiki jam'iyya, tare da shi iya motsa.
3. A injin hatimi. A hatimi tsakanin kamara da kuma shimfiɗar jariri.
4. A nadi inji da clamping dunƙule. Tare da su taimako, da kamara motsi ne da za'ayi tare da shiryarwa da kuma kayyade shi a kan wani tsayawar.
5. injin famfo. Ya Halicci wuri a cikin aiki yankin.
6. Generator da wani inductor. Yin dumama tsarin na welded aka gyara.
7. Punches superalloys, cylinders, na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa da man fetur da famfo ne matsawa inji sassa karkashin wani qaddara matsa lamba.

Dangane da gyara shigarwa yadawa waldi bẽnãye iya zama daban-daban tsari da kuma hanyar da sealing. Har ila yau, akwai hanyoyi daban-daban na dumama sassa. Radiation heaters za a iya amfani, high halin yanzu janareto, installing wani haske sallama electron katako heaters.

Yadawa matakai a waldi

Idan ka dauki goge karfe faranti, saka su tare da kuma a karkashin sa kaya, a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata za su ga sakamakon juna shigar azzakari cikin farji da karafa a cikin juna. Kuma zurfin shigar azzakari cikin farji zai kasance a cikin wani millimeter. The abu ne cewa, yadawa kudi ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki da alaka kayan, da nisa tsakanin na farko barbashi abubuwa, kazalika da jihar na lamba saman (da rashin samu da hadawan abu da iskar shaka). Shi ya sa a cikin yanayi na ta aiwatar da shi ne don haka m.

A masana'antu, domin saurin dangane da yadawa tsari ne kara, shan la'akari dukkan wadannan yanayi. A cikin aiki jam'iyya:

• A injin tare da wani saura matsa lamba matakin na 10 ^-5 mmHg ko cike da wani inert gas yanayi. Kamar wancan ne da abubuwa da ake gittar da oxygen, wanda shi ne oxidizer wani karfe.
• Materials Preheat zafin jiki a 50-70% na narkewa zafin jiki na preforms. Wadannan sassa ana yin kara ductility saboda wani mirgina jihar su na farko barbashi.
• A preform shafi inji matsa lamba a cikin 0,30-10,00 kg / mm ^2, kawo tare da interatomic nisa to masu girma dabam kunna kafa na kowa dangane da yardatayya shiga cikin kewaye yadudduka.

Bukatun da shiri na kayan

Kafin ajiye preform abubuwa da za a welded cikin yadawa naúrar, suna hõre pretreatment. Babban burin da magani na lamba rabo guraben da kalmomin da nufin samun wani santsi, ko kuma uniform surface, da kuma kau da ganuwa maha? Ar zone samuwar kuma m datti. Processing ne blank:

• sinadaran.
• inji;
• electrolytic.

Films na oxides, yawanci ba su shafi da yadawa tsari, saboda sun kai-destruct a lokacin dumama a wani wuri yanayi.

Lokacin da yadawa bonding ya auku tsakanin underperforms abubuwa da ciwon unequal thermal fadada coefficient, ko gaggautsa Weld da aka kafa, yin amfani da abin da ake kira buffer kushin. Suna iya zama a matsayin An harbi na daban-daban karafa. Saboda haka, jan tsare amfani a cikin yadawa bonding na workpieces sanya na ma'adini.

Halaye na samu mahadi

Ba kamar al'ada hanyoyin da dab waldi inda tushe karfe ga m karfe da aka gabatar a cikin hadin gwiwa, yadawa bonding damar samu wani uniform kabu ba tare da gagarumin canje-canje a physico-inji abun da ke ciki na maha? Ar. Shirye hadin gwiwa yana da wadannan halaye:

• kasancewar wani m kabu ba tare da rami Tsarin da cavities.
• babu oxide inclusions a fili.
• kwanciyar hankali na inji Properties.

Saboda gaskiya cewa yadawa - shigar azzakari cikin farji tsari ne da na halitta daya abu zuwa wani, a cikin contact zone ba a gaji da damuwa crystal raga kayan, sabili da haka babu kabu gaggautsa.

A fili na titanium aka gyara

Yadawa waldi na titanium kuma ta gami ne halin da samun high quality-fili da high tattalin arziki yadda ya dace. An yadu amfani a magani domin yi na} afar roba aka gyara, kazalika da a wasu yankunan.

Details ne mai tsanani ga yanayin zafi a 50º - 100º ƙananan fiye da yawan zafin jiki a da polymorphic canji. Kamar wancan ne kayan da kadan matsa lamba 0,05-0,15 kg / mm².

A sunadarai abun da ke ciki na titanium gami ba zai tasiri a sansanin soja mahadi daga abubuwa irin waldi Hanyar.

abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin Hanyar

Lokacin da yadawa waldi ne yiwu:

• a haɗa kama da inhomogeneous daskararru.
• guje wa nakasawa daga sassa.
• ba amfani kaya kamar yadda solders da fluxes.
• sami wani maras sharar samarwa;
• ba don amfani da hadadden tsarin da iska, kamar yadda a cikin tsari ba ya samar da noxious vapors.
• sami wani yanki na zone na lamba sadarwa, iyakance kawai da yiwuwar kayan aiki;
• tabbatar da abin dogara lantarki lamba.

Don wannan dole ne mu ƙara mai girma na ado look na ƙãre part, wanda ba ya bukatar wani ƙarin aiki matakai, kamar cire Weld slag, misali.

fasahar shortcomings

Yadawa waldi ne wani hadadden tsari, da manyan disadvantages ne:

• bukatar yin amfani da m takamaiman kayan aiki;
• da bukatar gaban masana'antu yankunan, da shigarwa yana da babba girma.
• da ake bukata domin samun musamman ilimi, basira da kuma fahimtar da aikin aiwatar.
• lokacin da ake bukata domin wani na sosai pre-jiyya shirye-shirye;
• abun ciki na injin na'ura na rage m, in ba haka ba ya ganuwa ƙura iya shirya a kan sealing mambobi da kuma kai wa ga aure mahadi.
• wahala da dubawa da ingancin da Weld ba tare da bukatar ta hallaka.

Ba duk da wannan, kazalika da ƙayyadaddu na yin amfani da injin tsarin, yadawa waldi a bukatar kawai cikin sharuddan Enterprises, maimakon amfani mai zaman kansa.

Industrial kayan aiki domin yadawa waldi

Akwai da dama iri na masana'antu kayan aiki tsara don yadawa bonding. Su yafi bambanta a bayani dalla-dalla welded kayan da yin amfani da sassa daban daban na tsarin dumama.

Girkawar MDVS irin tsara don nuna m jan karfe sanduna, da lamba kungiyoyin na high-ƙarfin lantarki sauya na tagulla, da kerrita, sassan gaslift bawuloli downhole farashinsa sanya daga bakin karfe da kuma m karfe gami. A tsarin ne m electrocontact dumama sakamako.

Waldi hadaddun irin UDVM-201. Aikin fili ta yadawa waldi kayan na daban-daban maki na gilashi. Da dumama da aiki surface ne da za'ayi ta radiation.

Welding kayan aiki USDV-630. Shigarwa na shigar da dumama for waldi na kumshin kayan dogara ne a kan titanium da tagulla. Irin wannan tsarin ba da damar don zafi da manyan sassa na yankin.

Machine MDVS-302 domin yadawa waldi tare da high-mita dumama sassa. Halin da kananan-sized oscillator transistor kewaye.