A tsarin da ɗan adam Kwayoyin: sauki ga hadaddun

mutum cell ne daban-daban daga abin da wasu dabbobi a matsayin wani ɓangare na jiki, idan muka yi la'akari ne kawai da janar tsarin da shirin. Nazarin tsarin da Kwayoyin na mutum, cytology gano biyu yankunan cewa bambanta a aiki - da tsakiya da kuma cytoplasm. Daily ayyuka, tabbatar m bukatun na naúra da dukan abubuwa masu rai yi da cytoplasm.

All takamaiman ayyuka kamar ƙanƙancewa na tsoka Kwayoyin ko jijiya siginar watsa kuma yi ta aiki da cytoplasm. Saboda haka, daban-daban na cikin cytoplasm na sel ne daban-daban. Kuma a nan guda a cikin tsarin da tsakiya ko a daban-daban jinsunan.

A tsarin da cell nucleus din isasshe gaba ɗaya a cikin rai raka'a daban-daban. Akwai clumps na chromatin da nucleoli. Chromatin ba sinadaran fili, shi ne kawai DNA "cushe" jiha. A chromatin ne ma a bit na RNA da kuma sunadarai, histones.

A tsakiya shi ne mafi sau da yawa madauwari ko m. Amma akwai oblong, kuma rabu da mai gangara constrictions (kamar yadda ya faru a neutrophils). Idan akai la'akari da tsarin da dan Adam Kwayoyin, ya kamata a lura da cewa akwai wani dukan membrane tsarin da Interphase (waje cikin division), kwaya ne ko da yaushe kewaye da makaman nukiliya ambulan. A harsashi na da ramuka kira nukiliya pores. Ta hanyar su zuwa da zuciyar kuma daga izinin macromolecules.

Inner core Laraba bambanta daga cell matsakaici da aka bayar da bakin ciki diaphragms pores wanda damar kawai ake so abu a cikin tsakiya. Saboda haka kwaya na Magana da cytoplasm da sunadarai bayanai. A nucleolus aka kafa rRNA zama dole domin cell multiplication. nucleoli sau da yawa ci a cikin daya da kuma microscope iya ganin daya manyan nucleolus.

Nukiliya ruwan 'ya'yan itace a cikin sinadaran abun da ke ciki - gina jiki colloidal bayani, shi mugun stained a shirye-shirye domin na'urar hange, kuma ya bayyana a matsayin wani haske yankin na photomicrographs. Yana kyawawan sparse yanayi a gudanar da yadawa na metabolites, da kuma kayyade abu zai iya matsawa da sauri sosai.

Kuma abin da ya aikata da cytoplasm? A ta "wajibi" ba sun hada da kawai kungiyar na haifuwa, komai ta iya yi. A tsarin da ɗan adam Kwayoyin irin wannan cewa tushen rayuwa - hadawan abu da iskar shaka, daukan wuri a cikin cytoplasm. Ya kunshi yawa kananan Tsarin, ya kira wasu gabbansa, ko wasu gabbansa, da misalin tare da gawarwakin a manyan jiki.

Mai wasu gabbansa ne matattarar tsarin. Ba kawai membranes dauke da free ribosomes, centrioles, cilia da flagella (duk iri uku da wasu gabbansa kunshi microtubules), kazalika da fibrillar tsarin (microfilaments da fibrils).

A tsarin da mutum jikin tantanin, bisa manufa, cewa shi ne, dukkan sassan suna rufe membranes. Mitochondria, misali, kullum ana hada biyu yadudduka na membranes, a cikin abin da kira na makamashi kwayoyin - ATP a sakamakon halayen na salon salula numfasawa. Mitochondria ne na musamman, saboda suna parasites cewa sun zama symbionts. Suna da nasu genome, kuma kullum kyawawan m. An zaci cẽwa sũ, an sauko daga kwayoyin cuta.

Ribosomes, wanda wani lokaci ana hade a polyribosomes, tsunduma a cikin kira na gina jiki, dole domin cytoplasm. Kuma shi ne mai zama dole, ba kawai don gina Tsarin, amma kuma domin ya kiyaye da ma'auni na osmotic matsa lamba ne na al'ada.

A endoplasmic reticulum ne kumfa, wanda suke juna. Wasu daga cikinsu suna da ribosome. A gina jiki da aka hada ta su, ba ya taso kan ruwa a cikin ruwan 'ya'yan itace na cytoplasm - da cytosol, kuma an ware daga cell kafin waddan ko don amfani a kan wasu bukatun.

Golgi na'ura - wani abu kamar wani tari na bags. Akwai ake tara kuma ana jerawa daban-daban abubuwa. Sunadaran nan saya ta karshe tsarin da shi ke nan a kafa lysosomes.

Da yake jawabi na lysosomes. Sunã halakar da maras so cell aka gyara, idan wani abu ne ba daidai ba tare da su, sa'an nan ci gaba ajiya cututtuka. Bayan mutuwar cell, suna lalata yanayi ko da matattu matattu rai raka'a, ba kawai kanta.

A tsarin rayayyun tantani ne daban-daban daga cikin tsarin da matattu da fari cewa ya zo matattu karyolysis - da Lalacewar tsakiya da kuma cell abinda ke ciki bayan narkewa resorption lysosomal membranes.