Sistem sakulasan ne sistem na mutane da dabbobi da jikin

Ba tare da togiya ga dukkan kwayar kwayoyin da cewa suna da bambancin tsokoki da kuma gabobin, musamman da yanayin da rayuwar ne da bukatar kai na oxygen da kuma gina jiki ga Kwayoyin cewa yin up jikin su. Aiki kai ta gabatar ya yi aikin jini motsi ta hanyar tsarin m tubular Tsarin - tasoshi, da ha a cikin jijiyoyi. Its juyin ci gaba, sifa da aiki za a tattauna a wannan takarda.

annelids

Sistem sakulasan ne sistem gabobin bayyana a karon farko cikin wakilan da irin annelids (segmented tsutsotsi), daya daga wanda ke cikin sanannun earthworm - mazauni na kasar gona, kara da haihuwa da kuma na ga aji Oligochaeta.

Tun da yake wannan kwayoyin da aka ba sosai shirya, da jijiyoyi na earthworm gawarwakin wakilta kawai kwanoni guda biyu - dorsal da ventral alaka madauwari shambura.

Musamman da motsi na jini a kwaro - mollusks

Sistem sakulasan ne sistem gabobin a Shellfish yana da yawan takamaiman halaye: akwai da zuciya kunsha na biyu atria da ventricles, kuma distilled jini a ko'ina cikin dabba ta jiki. Yana gudana ba kawai ta hanyar tasoshi, amma kuma a cikin sarari tsakanin jikinsu.

Wannan ake kira mai bude jijiyoyi. Irin wannan tsarin da muke gani da wakilan arthropod kamar crustaceans, gizo-gizo da kuma kwari. Su jijiyoyi ba rufe gabobin, da zuciya da aka located a kan dorsal sashi na jiki, kuma yana da nau'i na shambura da baffles kuma bawuloli.

Amphioxus - kakanninmu nau'i na vertabrate

Sistem sakulasan ne sistem na dabba gabobin da axial kwarangwal a matsayin tsirkiya ko kashin baya, an ko da yaushe a rufe. A golovohordovyh, wanda ke da mulkin lancelet daya wurare dabam dabam, da kuma rawar da zuciya daukawa ciki lakã. Yana bayar da ta pulsating jini zagayawa cikin jiki.

Jini wurare dabam dabam a cikin kifi

A superclass kifi kunshi biyu kungiyoyin na cikin ruwa kwayoyin: aji na cartilaginous da kuma fitar kasusuwan jikinsu kifi aji. Tare da gagarumin bambance-bambance a waje da kuma ciki tsarin da suka yi tarayya a - cikin jijiyoyi na gabobin, wanda aiki ne su safarar gina jiki da kuma oxygen. An halin gaban na huhu wurare dabam dabam da kuma dual-jam'iyya zuciya.

Zuciya kifi ko da yaushe bicameral da kunshi da atrium da ventricle. Tsakanin su akwai bawuloli, don haka da motsi na jini a cikin zuciya ne ko da yaushe unidirectional: daga atrium cikin ventricle.

Wurare dabam dabam a cikin ta farko ƙasar dabbobi

Wadannan sun hada da wakilan na aji na halittar dabba mai kafafuwa ko halittar dabba mai kafafuwa: daji rana, rana, dabbare salamander, Kadangare da sauransu. A tsarin da jijiyoyi ne a fili bayyane wuya daga cikin kungiyar: abin da ake kira nazarin halittu aromorphoses. Wannan shi ne wani uku gidajen zuciya (biyu atria da ventricle), da kuma biyu dabam dabam. Su duka biyu fara daga ventricle.

A na huhu jini arziki a carbon dioxide, da fata da kuma motsi da jakar sauki. Ga gas musayar auku, kuma jijiya jini dawo daga huhu zuwa hagu atrium. Venous jini daga tasoshin a cikin fata shiga dama atrium, sa'an nan a cikin ventricle jijiya da kuma venous jini an gauraye, kuma wannan gauraye jini motsa a duk gabobin jiki halittar dabba mai kafafuwa. Saboda haka, matakin da metabolism na su, kamar yadda a cikin kifi, low isa cewa shi take kaiwa zuwa dogara amphibian jiki zafin jiki na kewaye yanayi. Irin kwayoyin ake kira banda kisan gillar ko poikilothermic.

Jijiyoyi a dabbobi masu rarrafe

Ci gaba da musamman jini wurare dabam dabam a cikin dabbobi, da manyan terrestrial hanyar rayuwa, mayar da hankali a kan ilimin halittàr jiki da dabbobi masu rarrafe, ko dabbobi masu rarrafe. Sistem sakulasan ne sistem gabobin ne mafi wuya ga sami fiye da a halittar dabba mai kafafuwa. Animals na ga aji na dabbobi masu rarrafe sun uku gidajen zuciya, biyu atria da ventricle, a cikin abin da akwai kananan bangare. Animals na ga tsari na crocodiles ne a zuciyar wani m shãmaki, abin da ya sa shi a Four-jam'iyya.

A halittu masu rarrafe na ga detachment Scale (duba lizard, da gecko, da viper steppe lizard nimble) da kuma game da da kunkuru tawagar, da uku-gidajen zuciya tare da nezaroschennoy bangare, don haka da cewa su gaban wata gabar jiki da kuma shugaban shiga cikin jijiya da jini, da wutsiya da akwati yankin - gauraye. A crocodiles jijiya da kuma venous jini ne gauraye ba a cikin zuciya, da kuma fitar da shi - a sakamakon da Fusion biyu aortic arches, don haka duk sassa na jiki na sami gauraye da jini. Ba tare da togiya, kuma dabbobi masu rarrafe ne banda kisan gillar dabbobi.

Birds - na farko dumin jiki kwayoyin

Sistem sakulasan ne sistem gabobin a cikin tsuntsaye ya ci gaba da zama mafi hadaddun kuma mai ladabi. Su zuciya ne gaba daya yan hudu. Bugu da ƙari, cikin biyu wurare dabam dabam na jijiya jini ba Mixes da venous jini. Saboda haka metabolism a cikin tsuntsaye musamman m: jiki zafin jiki ya kai 40-42 ° C, a zuciya rate jeri daga 140 zuwa 500 lashe minti daya, dangane da girman da tsuntsu na jiki. Na huhu wurare dabam dabam da ake kira na huhu kai da venous jini daga dama ventricle zuwa huhu, to, daya jijiya jini arziki a oxygen gudana a cikin hagu atrium. Tsari dabam dabam farawa daga hagu ventricle, da jini sa'an nan ya shiga cikin dorsal lakã, da kuma riga ya fita daga gare shi ta hanyar da arteries - duk jikin tsuntsaye.

The motsi na jini ta hanyar tasoshin a dabbobi masu shayarwa

Kamar tsuntsaye, dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da dumin jiki, ko homeothermic kwayoyin. A zamani fauna shi riqe da farko wuri cikin sharuddan karbuwa da na halitta yawa, wanda shi ne da farko saboda da yanayin jikinsu ko da kuwa da kewaye yanayi. Sistem sakulasan ne sistem na dabbobi masu shayarwa, wanda shi ne tsakiyar jikin hudu gidajen zuciya, shi ne cikakken tsari jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin: arteries, jijiyoyinmu da capillaries. Jini wurare dabam dabam da aka za'ayi a biyu dabam dabam. Jini a cikin zuciya ne ba gauraye: a gefen hagu motsa jijiya, da dama - venous.

Saboda haka, jijiyoyi gabobin a placental dabbobi masu shayarwa na samar da kula akai ciki yanayi na jiki, watau homeostasis.

Sistem sakulasan ne sistem na mutum gabobin

Saboda gaskiya cewa wani mutum nasa ne da aji na dabbobi masu shayarwa, da general shirin na ilimin Halittar Jiki sifa da aiki na physiological tsarin, da kuma shi ne irin wannan ya isa ga dabbobi. Duk da yake tafiya a mike kuma hade takamaiman fasali na jikin mutum tsarin har yanzu bar wani tabbataccen bugu a kan sunadaran da jini wurare dabam dabam.

Sistem sakulasan ne sistem na jikin mutane aka yi sama da biyu hudu-jam'iyya zuciya da kuma wurare dabam dabam: ƙanana da manyan, da aka gano a cikin 17th karni da Turanci masanin kimiyya William Harvey. Na musamman muhimmancin ne jinin samar da mutum gabobin, kamar kwakwalwa, kodan da kuma hanta.

A tsaye matsayi na jiki da kuma jini ya kwarara zuwa pelvic gabobin

Man - kadai dabba a cikin aji na dabbobi masu shayarwa, wanda ciki gabobin suna guga man ta nauyi fiye da na ciki bango, da kuma ƙananan reshe abin ɗamara, kunsha na wani lebur pelvic ƙasũsuwa. Sistem sakulasan ne sistem na pelvic arteries wakilta wani tsarin dace daga kowa iliac jijiya. Wannan shi ne da farko wani ciki iliac jijiya da yake kawo oxygen da kuma gina jiki ga pelvic gabobin: dubura, mafitsara, jima'i gabobin, da prostate gland shine yake a cikin maza. Da zarar a cikin sel waɗannan jikuna faruwa da jijiya jini gas musayar bi da bi venous, tasoshin - da iliac jannayẽnsa - daga ƙarƙashinsu a cikin na baya vena cava dauke da jini a dama atrium, inda ta ƙare na tsari dabam dabam.

Wajibi ne a yi la'akari da cewa duk da pelvic gabobin ne manyan isa ilimi, da kuma suke located in mun gwada da kananan girma na jiki rami, wanda sau da yawa haddasawa kama a tarko da jini da cewa ciyar da wadannan jikuna. Yawancin lokaci da shi ya auku saboda shafe tsawon sedentary aiki, a cikin abin da jini wurare dabam dabam da aka karya dubura, mafitsara da sauran sassan jiki. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa stagnation, har suka sa kamuwa da cuta da kuma kumburi a gare su.

Jinin samar da al'aura gabobin da wani mutum

Tabbatar da al'ada hanya na halayen da roba da kuma makamashi musayar a duk matakan na jikin mu da kungiyar, daga cikin kwayoyin da organismic karewa ya yi aikin jijiyoyi da jikin mutane. Pelvic gabobin, wanda ya hada da al'aurar, perfused, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, daga sauko lakã, wanda ya tafi daga ventral rami. Sistem sakulasan ne sistem kafa tasoshin al'aura tsarin, tabbatar da samar da gina jiki, da oxygen da kuma cire carbon dioxide da sauran rayuwa kayayyakin.

Male gonads - testes a cikin abin da girma maniyyi, - a sami jijiya jini daga testicular arteries, yana tsawaita daga ciki lakã, da venous outflow na jini kwashe testicular jijiya, daya daga wanda - bar - shigar da hagu koda jijiya da dama shiga kai tsaye a cikin duhun vena cava. Azzakari aka kawota tare da jini tsawaita daga ciki pudendal jijiya: da urethral, baya, albasa da kuma zurfin jijiyoyi. venous jini ya kwarara daga kyallen takarda na azzakari samar da most jirgin ruwa - zurfin baya na Vienna, daga abin da jini motsa zuwa urogenital venous plexus hade da na baya vena cava.

Jini samar da kaciyar mata ne da za'ayi jijiya tsarin. Saboda haka, crotch na'am da jini daga ciki pudendal jijiya, wani reshe na zauna cikin mahaifa aka kawota tare da jini iliac jijiya, da ake kira da uwa tasa, da kuma ovaries suna bayar da jini daga ciki lakã. Ba kamar namiji haihuwa tsarin a mace sosai ɓullo da venous jijiyoyin bugun gini cibiyar sadarwa, interconnected webs - anastomosis. Venous jini gudãna a ovarian jannayẽnsa kunshe a cikin na baya vena cava, wanda sai gudana a cikin dama atrium.

A cikin wannan labarin da muka duba a daki-daki, da ci gaba da jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin na dabba gabobin da mutum, samar da jiki da oxygen da kuma gina jiki da ake bukata domin rayuwa goyon baya.